| 词条 | Metropolitan Borough of Wirral | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
|population_demonym = Wirralian |name = Wirral |type = Metropolitan borough |image_skyline = Benkid77 Wallasey Town Hall 1 090809.JPG |imagesize = |image_caption = Wallasey Town Hall |image_blank_emblem = Coat of arms of Wirral Metropolitan Borough Council.png |blank_emblem_type = Coat of arms |image_map = Wirral UK locator map.svg |map_caption = Wirral shown within Merseyside |mapsize = frameless |blank_emblem_size = 150px |subdivision_type = Sovereign state |subdivision_name = {{flag|United Kingdom}} |subdivision_type1 = Constituent country |subdivision_name1 = {{flag|England}} |subdivision_type2 = Region |subdivision_name2 = North West England |subdivision_type3 = City region |subdivision_name3 = Liverpool |subdivision_type4 = Ceremonial county |subdivision_name4 = Merseyside |seat_type = Administrative HQ |seat = Wallasey (Town Hall) |government_type = Metropolitan Borough |governing_body = Wirral Council |leader_title = Leadership |leader_name = Leader and cabinet |leader_title1 = Executive |leader_name1 = {{English district control|GSS=E08000015}} |leader_title2 = Leader |leader_name2 = Phil Davies |leader_title3 = Civic Mayor |leader_name3 = Geoffrey Watt |leader_title4 = Deputy Civic Mayor |leader_name4 = Tony Smith |leader_title5 = MPs |leader_name5 = Frank Field (L) Angela Eagle (L) Alison McGovern (L) Margaret Greenwood (L) |established_title = Established |established_date = 1 April 1974 |founder = |unit_pref = Imperial |area_rank = {{English district area rank|GSS=E08000015}} |area_total_km2 = {{English district area|GSS=E08000015}} |latd= |latm= |lats= |latNS= |longd= |longm= |longs= |longEW= |population_as_of = {{English statistics year}} |population_total = {{English district population|GSS=E08000015}} |population_rank = Ranked {{English district rank|GSS=E08000015}} |population_density_km2 = {{English district density|GSS=E08000015}} |population_blank1_title = Ethnicity |population_blank1 = 98.3% white |timezone = Greenwich Mean Time |utc_offset = +0 |timezone_DST = British Summer Time |utc_offset_DST = +1 |postal_code_type = Postcode area |postal_code = CH |area_code_type = Dialling code |area_code = 0151 |iso_code = GB-WRL |blank_name = GSS code |blank_info = E08000015 |blank1_name = NUTS 3 code |blank1_info = UKD74 |blank2_name = ONS code |blank2_info = 00CB |website = www.wirral.gov.uk }} The Metropolitan Borough of Wirral is a metropolitan borough of Merseyside, in North West England. It has a population of 321,238,[1] and encompasses {{convert|60|sqmi|sqkm}} of the northern part of the Wirral Peninsula. Major settlements include Birkenhead, Wallasey, Bebington, Heswall, Hoylake and West Kirby. The city of Liverpool over the Mersey, faces the northeastern side of Wirral. Bordering is the River Mersey to the east, the Irish Sea to the north and the River Dee to the west; the borough of Cheshire West and Chester occupies the remainder of the Wirral Peninsula and borders the borough of Wirral to the south. The borough of Wirral has greater proportions of rural areas than the Liverpool part of Merseyside. HistoryThe borough was formed on 1 April 1974, under the Local Government Act 1972, as a merger of the county boroughs of Birkenhead and Wallasey, along with the municipal borough of Bebington and the urban districts of Hoylake and Wirral. EconomyThis is a chart of trend of regional gross value added of Wirral at current basic prices published (pp. 240–253) by Office for National Statistics with figures in millions of British Pounds Sterling.
In September 2006 a large scale development called Wirral Waters was unveiled by the company Peel Holdings, that if constructed as outlined may see the creation of up to 27,000 jobs. Education{{See also|List of schools in Wirral}}When the borough was set up in 1974, it inherited comprehensive systems from the former County Boroughs of Birkenhead and Wallasey. In the part of Wirral formerly administered by Cheshire County Council, it inherited a selective system of grammar and secondary modern non-Roman Catholic schools and a comprehensive Roman Catholic school (St John Plessington Catholic College). Until the implementation of the Education Reform Act 1988, education in Wirral continued to be organised in four areas; Birkenhead, Wallasey and the former parts of Cheshire known for education purposes as "Bebington" and "Deeside". However this Act introduced "open enrolment", allowing parents from anywhere in the borough, and outside it, to apply for a place for their child at any secondary school. As a result, significant numbers of pupils from the former "comprehensive areas" attend schools in the former "selective areas" and vice versa. The distinction between different types of school was to an extent masked, as all secondary modern and most comprehensive schools were named "High School". As a further result of this Act, St Anselm's College and Upton Hall School, both within the Birkenhead education area, became the only independent schools in the country to become state funded grant-maintained schools, retaining selective admissions policies to become Roman Catholic grammar schools. A further change came as a result of the School Standards and Framework Act 1998, which effectively changed secondary modern schools into comprehensives as schools were no longer permitted to select by examination failure. In summary, Wirral now has a state secondary sector made up of 16 comprehensive schools (of which two are Roman Catholic) and 6 grammar schools (of which two are Roman Catholic). Local government{{further|Wirral Metropolitan Borough Council}}Liverpool City Region Combined AuthorityThe Metropolitan Borough of Wirral is one of the six constituent local government districts of the Liverpool City Region. Since 1 April 2014, some of the borough's responsibilities have been pooled with neighbouring authorities within the metropolitan area and subsumed into the Liverpool City Region Combined Authority. The combined authority has effectively become the top-tier administrative body for the local governance of the city region and the leader of Wirral Borough Council, along with the five other leaders from neighbouring local government districts, take strategic decisions over economic development, transport, employment and skills, tourism, culture, housing and physical infrastructure. As of July 2015, negotiations are currently taking place between the UK national government and the combined authority over a possible devolution deal to confer greater powers on the region. Discussions include whether to introduce an elected ‘Metro Mayor’ to oversee the entire metropolitan area.[2] Wirral Borough Council CompositionAfter the local elections in 2008 the Metropolitan Borough of Wirral was governed by a Labour Party/Liberal Democrat coalition, the second and third largest parties on the council respectively. Cllr Steve Foulkes of Labour was Leader of the Council. The Conservative Party was the largest party represented, and was in opposition with its leader Cllr Jeff Green being leader of the opposition. After the local elections in 2010 the Metropolitan Borough of Wirral was governed by a Conservative Party/Liberal Democrat coalition, which reflected the coalition at national level.[3] The Conservative Party, continuing to be the largest party represented on the council increased its number of seats by 2 to 27 and has now entered into coalition government with the Liberal Democrats as the leading coalition partner with the leader of the Conservatives, Cllr Jeff Green, becoming the new leader of the council. The Labour Party increased its representation on the council by 4 to 24 and remained the second largest party though they are now in opposition with their leader, Cllr Steve Foulkes, who was leader of the council now leader of the opposition. The Liberal Democrats lost 4 seats decreasing their tally to 15 remaining the third largest party on the council but continuing to participate in the governing of the council as the junior coalition partner to the Conservatives. The one independent represented on the council lost their seat. After the local elections in 2011 the Metropolitan Borough of Wirral was governed by a minority Labour Party administration. Cllr Steve Foulkes was leader of the Council with Cllr Phil Davies as deputy leader. The Liberal Democrats lost a councillor who switched to Labour, Cllr Steve Niblock shortly after the elections. There are now no independents on Wirral Council. Labour have 36 seats, Conservatives have 23 and the Liberal Democrats 7. In February 2012 the Conservatives and Liberal Democrats defeated the Labour administration in a motion of no confidence and the two parties governed again until the May election.[4] Labour made gains in May 2012, gaining majority control of the council for the first time since local elections in 2002 saw Labour become a minority. Wirral is led by Phil Davies. In 2014, The Green Party gained their first seat on the council, defeating Labour in their typically safe seat of Birkenhead and Tranmere. They retained it in 2018 with an increased vote share, albeit with a reduced majority. Political makeup
Members of Parliament{{See also|List of Parliamentary constituencies on Merseyside}}
Places of interestWirral Council maintains five designated Local Nature Reserves: Bidston Moss, Dibbinsdale, Heswall Dales, Hilbre Island and Thurstaston Common.[33] It also operates the Merseyside part of Wirral Country Park, which was the first country park to be established in Britain.[34] International relations{{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in the United Kingdom}}Twin towns — sister citiesThe Metropolitan Borough of Wirral is twinned or has sister city relationships with:
See also{{Wikipedia books|Wirral}}
References1. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.ons.gov.uk/file?uri=/peoplepopulationandcommunity/populationandmigration/populationestimates/datasets/populationestimatesforukenglandandwalesscotlandandnorthernireland/mid2016/ukmidyearestimates2016.xls|title=Wirral population estimate (mid 2016)|work=Office for National Statistics|accessdate=12 September 2017}} 2. ^{{cite web|author=Liam Murphy |url=http://www.liverpoolecho.co.uk/news/liverpool-news/liverpool-city-region-decide-devolution-9711105 |title=Liverpool city region to decide on devolution demands by end of summer |date=22 July 2015 |accessdate=26 July 2015}} 3. ^{{cite web|url=http://conservativehome.blogs.com/localgovernment/2010/05/conservatives-take-over-wirral-council.html |title=Conservatives take over Wirral Council |publisher=Conservativehome.blogs.com |date=25 May 2010 |first=Harry |last=Phibbs |accessdate=11 December 2010}} 4. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.liverpooldailypost.co.uk/liverpool-news/regional-news/2012/02/14/jeff-green-is-new-leader-of-wirral-council-after-labour-group-is-kicked-out-99623-3032734|title=Jeff Green is new leader of Wirral council after Labour group is kicked out|publisher=Liverpool Daily Post |date=14 February 2012|first=Liam |last=Murphy |accessdate=29 February 2012|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120217133740/http://www.liverpooldailypost.co.uk/liverpool-news/regional-news/2012/02/14/jeff-green-is-new-leader-of-wirral-council-after-labour-group-is-kicked-out-99623-30327349|archivedate=17 February 2012}} 5. ^1 {{cite web|title=Council compositions|url=https://drive.google.com/file/d/0BwA-5RleSBydOS11WmRkNk9MSkE/view?pref=2&pli=1|website=The Elections Centre|accessdate=27 July 2018}} 6. ^{{cite web|title=Lib Dem councillor switches sides|url=https://www.wirralglobe.co.uk/news/7435379.lib-dem-councillor-switches-sides/|publisher=Wirral Globe|accessdate=26 December 2018}} 7. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.wirralglobe.co.uk/news/7423966.second-councillor-quits/ | title=Second councillor quits| publisher=Wirral Globe|accessdate=26 December 2018}} 8. ^{{cite web|title=Local Election - 02 May 2002|url=https://ww3.wirral.gov.uk/members/election.asp?date=20020502|publisher=Wirral Metropolitan Borough Council|accessdate=27 July 2018}} 9. ^{{cite web|title=Local Election - 01 May 2003|url=https://ww3.wirral.gov.uk/members/election.asp?date=20030501|publisher=Wirral Metropolitan Borough Council|accessdate=27 July 2018}} 10. ^{{cite web|title=Local Election - 10 June 2004|url=https://ww3.wirral.gov.uk/members/election.asp?date=20040610|publisher=Wirral Metropolitan Borough Council|accessdate=27 July 2018}} 11. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.wirralglobe.co.uk/news/7419414._No_respect_for_mayor_/ | title='No respect for mayor' | publisher=Wirral Globe}} 12. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.wirralglobe.co.uk/news/7418392.Why_I_jumped_ship_to_join_the_Tories/ | title=Why I jumped ship to join the Tories | publisher=Wirral Globe}} 13. ^{{cite web|title=Local Election - 4 May 2006|url=https://ww3.wirral.gov.uk/members/election.asp?date=20060504|publisher=Wirral Metropolitan Borough Council|accessdate=27 July 2018}} 14. ^{{cite web|title=Local Election - 03 May 2007|url=https://ww3.wirral.gov.uk/members/election.asp?date=20070503|publisher=Wirral Metropolitan Borough Council|accessdate=27 July 2018}} 15. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.wirralglobe.co.uk/news/1482046.councillors-also-have-a-third-duty/ | title=Councillors also have a 'third duty'}} 16. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.wirralglobe.co.uk/news/1518279.Another_one_bites_the_dust/ | title=Another one bites the dust | publisher=Wirral Globe}} 17. ^{{cite web|title=Election Result for 1 May 2008 2002|url=https://ww3.wirral.gov.uk/election/results/2008-05-01/|publisher=Wirral Metropolitan Borough Council|accessdate=27 July 2018}} 18. ^ {{cite news|url=http://www.wirralglobe.co.uk/news/4377997.BREAKING_NEWS___Labour_councillor_Denis_Knowles_quits_and_joins_Tories_at_Wallasey_Town_Hall/ | title=BREAKING NEWS: Labour councillor Denis Knowles quits and joins Tories at Wallasey Town Hall| publisher=Wirral Globe}} 19. ^{{cite web|title=Election Result for 6 May 2010|url=https://ww3.wirral.gov.uk/election/results/2010-05-06/|publisher=Wirral Metropolitan Borough Council|accessdate=27 July 2018}} 20. ^{{cite web|title=Election Result for 5 May 2011|url=https://ww3.wirral.gov.uk/election/results/2011-05-05/|publisher=Wirral Metropolitan Borough Council|accessdate=27 July 2018}} 21. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-merseyside-13416607| title=Wirral Lib Dem Steve Niblock defects to Labour Party| publisher=BBC News}} 22. ^{{cite web|title=Election Result for 3 May 2012|url=https://ww3.wirral.gov.uk/election/results/2012-05-03/|publisher=Wirral Metropolitan Borough Council|accessdate=27 July 2018}} 23. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.wirralglobe.co.uk/news/10171043.Conservative_victory_in_Wirral_by_elections/ | title=Conservative victory in Wirral by-elections| publisher=Wirral Globe}} 24. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.wirralglobe.co.uk/news/10260970.UPDATED__Labour_victory_in_Wirral_Council_by_election/ | title=UPDATED: Labour victory in Wirral Council by-election| publisher=Wirral Globe}} 25. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.liverpoolecho.co.uk/news/liverpool-news/wirral-councillor-mark-johnson-quits-3572151.amp | title=Wirral councillor Mark Johnson quits Liberal Democrat Party| publisher=Liverpool Echo}} 26. ^{{cite web|title=Election Result for 22 May 2014|url=https://ww3.wirral.gov.uk/election/results/2014-05-22/|publisher=Wirral Metropolitan Borough Council|accessdate=27 July 2018}} 27. ^{{cite web|title=Election Result for 7 May 2015|url=http://www.wirral.gov.uk/el/results/2015-05-07/|publisher=Wirral Metropolitan Borough Council|accessdate=27 July 2018}} 28. ^{{cite web|title=Seven things to talk about after the Wirral local elections|url=https://www.liverpoolecho.co.uk/news/liverpool-news/seven-things-talk-after-wirral-11294215.amp|publisher=Liverpool Echo|accessdate=27 July 2018}} 29. ^{{cite web|url=https://democracy.wirral.gov.uk/mgElectionResults.aspx?ID=2&V=0&RPID=506089514 | title=Election results by party, Local election - Thursday, 5th May 2016 | publisher=Wirral Metropolitan Borough Council}} 30. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/topics/cewngre8686t/wirral-metropolitan-borough-council | title=Wirral Metropolitan Borough Council Election 2018 Results| publisher=BBC News}} 31. ^{{cite web |url=http://labour-uncut.co.uk/2018/08/28/wirral-councillor-quits-party-blaming-hard-left-parasites/ | title=Wirral councillor quits party blaming hard left ‘parasites’| publisher=Labour Uncut|accessdate=29 August 2018}} 32. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.liverpoolecho.co.uk/news/liverpool-news/senior-labour-politician-quits-party-15325015 | title=Senior Labour politician quits party after 40 years citing 'absolute aggression' of 'hard-left clique'| publisher=Liverpool Echo|accessdate=25 October 2018}} 33. ^{{cite web | url = http://www.wirral.gov.uk/my-services/leisure-and-culture/parks-beaches-and-countryside/parks-greenspaces-and-countryside/local-nature-reserves| title = Wirral Local Nature Reserves| publisher= Wirral council|accessdate= 28 January 2011}} 34. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.wirral.gov.uk/leisure-parks-and-events/parks-beaches-and-countryside/wirral-country-park|title=Wirral Country Park|website=Wirral.gov.uk|accessdate=11 November 2017}} 35. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.nowysacz.pl/miasta_partnerskie|title=Miasta partnerskie i zaprzyjaźnione Nowego Sącza|trans-title="The twin cities and friendly Nowy Sącz"|accessdate = 1 August 2013|work=Urząd Miasta Nowego Sącza|language=Polish|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130523172036/http://www.nowysacz.pl/miasta_partnerskie|archivedate=23 May 2013}} 36. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.completefrance.com/language-culture/twin-towns|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130705094933/http://www.completefrance.com/language-culture/twin-towns|title=British towns twinned with French towns|accessdate=20 July 2013|archivedate=5 July 2013|work=Archant Community Media Ltd}} External links{{commons category|Metropolitan Borough of Wirral}}
|title = Neighbouring ceremonial/preserved counties and principal areas |Centre = Wirral |North = Irish Sea |Northeast = Merseyside Sefton Irish Sea |East = Merseyside Liverpool River Mersey |Southeast = Cheshire Cheshire West and Chester |South = Cheshire Cheshire West and Chester |Southwest = Clwyd Flintshire River Dee |West = Clwyd Flintshire River Dee |Northwest = Irish Sea }}{{Merseyside}}{{NW England}}{{Metropolitan districts of England}}{{coord|53.396972|-3.011914|display=title}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Wirral, Metropolitan Borough Of}} 5 : Metropolitan Borough of Wirral|Metropolitan boroughs|Liverpool City Region|Local government districts of North West England|NUTS 3 statistical regions of the United Kingdom |
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