| 词条 | Sphaeralcea gierischii |
| 释义 |
| image = Sphaeralcea gierischii fws.jpg | status = G1 | status_system = TNC | status_ref = [1] | genus = Sphaeralcea | species = gierischii | authority = N.D.Atwood & S.L.Welsh[1] }}Sphaeralcea gierischii, Gierisch's globemallow[1] or Gierisch mallow, is a rare species of flowering plant in the mallow family, Malvaceae. It is native to the western United States, where it is known only from Utah and Arizona.[2] It was described in 2002.[3] There are only five known occurrences, with 90% of the population located within Mohave County, Arizona. It is threatened by open-pit mining for gypsum. The single occurrence in Utah is also threatened by off-road vehicle use and dumping.[2] Since 2011, Red Butte Garden's Conservation Department in Salt Lake City, Utah, has been conducting germination, propagation, and transplant studies at a site in Arizona, just South of St. George, UT. The studies are meant to assess the feasibility of reintroducing S. gierischii to reclaimed gypsum mine tailings.[4] In 2012, it was proposed as an endangered species under the Endangered Species Act.[5] In 2013 it was granted endangered status.[6] EcologySphaeralcea gierischii is a perennial plant. It produces clumps of dark reddish purple stems up to about a meter tall with a few bright green, lobed leaves. The flowers have petals up to 2.5 centimeters long. They are orange, or sometimes described as "grenadine".[2]Associated species include creosote bush, blackbrush, saltbush, yucca, ragweed, ephedra, rabbitbrush, prairie-clover, James' galleta, cheesebush, Anderson's desert thorn, prickly pear, indigo bush, and cliffrose.[2] The plant is nearly an obligate gypsophile, mainly limited to the gypsum soils of the Kaibab Limestone; it has also been seen on limestone soils. The gypsum is sought after and extensively mined in the area by a process that involves removing the top layer of rock, mining the gypsum-rich deeper layers, and filling the pit with the rubble of the top layer. This process is very destructive to the local habitat.[2] References1. ^1 {{PLANTS|id=SPGI2|taxon=Sphaeralcea gierischii|accessdate=25 November 2015}} {{Taxonbar|from=Q7576492}}{{Malvales-stub}}2. ^1 2 3 4 5 Sphaeralcea gierischii. NatureServe. 2012. 3. ^Atwood, N. D. and S. L. Welsh. (2002). [https://www.jstor.org/discover/10.2307/3392949?uid=3739560&uid=2&uid=4&uid=3739256&sid=21102528061147 Overview of Sphaeralcea (Malvaceae) in southern Utah and northern Arizona, USA, and description of a new species.] Novon 12(2) 159-166. 4. ^http://www.redbuttegarden.org/current_projects 5. ^Gierisch mallow (Sphaeralcea gierischii). US Fish and Wildlife Service Species Profile. 6. ^http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2013-08-13/pdf/2013-19385.pdf 5 : Sphaeralcea|Flora of Arizona|Flora of Utah|Endemic flora of the United States|Plants described in 2002 |
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