请输入您要查询的百科知识:

 

词条 Spiritualism (philosophy)
释义

  1. Notable spiritualist thinkers

  2. See also

  3. Notes

{{Distinguish|Spirituality}}{{About|the philosophical position|other uses of spiritualism|Spiritualism (disambiguation)}}

In philosophy, spiritualism is the notion, shared by a wide variety of systems of thought, that there is an immaterial reality that cannot be perceived by the senses.[1] This includes philosophies that postulate a personal God, the immortality of the soul, or the immortality of the intellect or will, as well as any systems of thought that assume a universal mind or cosmic forces lying beyond the reach of purely materialistic interpretations.[1] Generally, any philosophical position, be it dualism, monism, atheism, theism, pantheism, idealism or any other, is compatible with spiritualism as long as it allows for a reality beyond matter.[1][2] Theism is an example of a dualist spiritualist philosophy, while pantheism is an example of monist spiritualism.[2]

Notable spiritualist thinkers

  • Aristotle[1]
  • Henri Bergson[1]
  • Maine de Biran[3]
  • F. H. Bradley[1]
  • Victor Cousin[4]
  • René Descartes[1]
  • Giovanni Gentile[1]
  • William Ernest Hocking[1]
  • Louis Lavelle[1]
  • René Le Senne[1]
  • Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz[1]
  • Pindar[1]
  • Plato[1]
  • Josiah Royce[1]

See also

  • Spiritualism (religious movement)
  • Alfred Russel Wallace's religious spiritualism

Notes

1. ^10 11 12 13 14 Encyclopædia Britannica, "Spiritualism (in philosophy)", britannica.com
2. ^{{cite book|author=William James|title=A pluralistic universe|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fPuwCunFTFoC&pg=PA16|accessdate=17 July 2010|date=1 January 1977|publisher=Harvard University Press|isbn=978-0-674-67391-5|page=16}}
3. ^Su-Young Park-Hwang (1998), [https://books.google.com/books?id=OyQcAgAACAAJ&dq= L'habitude dans le spiritualisme français: Maine de Biran, Ravaisson, Bergson], Presses Universitaires du Septentrion.
4. ^Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy: Brahman to Derrida, Taylor & Francis, 1998, p. 10: "Victor Cousin's eclectic spiritualism".
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2011}}{{Authority control}}{{reli-metaphysics-stub}}

5 : Metaphysical theories|Theory of mind|Idealism|Dualism|Metaphysics of religion

随便看

 

开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识,基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识,是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。

 

Copyright © 2023 OENC.NET All Rights Reserved
京ICP备2021023879号 更新时间:2024/9/22 12:30:18