“Spiritual warrior”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

The term spiritual warrior is used in Tibetan Buddhism for one who combats the universal enemy: self-ignorance (avidya), the ultimate source of suffering according to Buddhist philosophy.^[1] A heroic being with a brave mind and ethical impulse.

Different from other paths, which focus on individual salvation, the spiritual warrior's only complete and right practice is that which compassionately helps other beings with wisdom. This is the Bodhisattva ideal (the "Buddha-in-waiting"), the spiritual warrior who resolves to attain buddhahood in order to liberate others.^[2]^[3]

The term is also used generically in esotericism and self-help literature.^[4] Spiritual warrior, "illuminated heart and valiant one", "enlightenment hero", "one who aspires for enlightenment" or, "heroic being" has been defined as a bodhisattva.^[5]^[6]

Shakyamuni Buddha

The Agganna Sutta elaborates a history of the world in which the Buddha’s monks and nuns, and the warrior caste from which the Buddha came, are superior to brahmins, who were known for class discrimination. The Buddha’s Shakyan clan context was for warrior-like assembly for brahmins-bashing at that time.

The Shakyans may be considered a warrior-dominated republican federation, called the "sangha", with an aristocratic democratic tradition comparable to the Greeks. The Buddha's father was the Speaker of their Congress. In the Buddha's day, this government system was being culturally displaced by the brahminic caste and their religious ideology. Spreading imperial monarchies were destroying the Shakyans with their military power.

The Buddha pioneered the establishment of democratic procedures for the monastic sangha, such as regular meetings with secret ballots, subcommittees, and minority group rights to schism. He attempted to preserve his Shakyan clan's tradition, which was ideal for human liberation achievement. In the Agganna, the Buddha says that the monks and nuns have become "children of the Shakyans", the Enlightened One's sons and daughters, and children of the truth. The monastic Sangha was a spiritual warrior society within the historic conflict of the brahmin's struggle. They were heirs to the aristocratic virtues of the Buddha's warrior caste, which are related to democratic progress.^[7]

Tibetan origins

Tibet a monastic rule derived from a feudal warrior clan society, which was transformed into a spiritual warrior society. While the rest of the world followed feudalistic warrior development during the medieval period throughout Europe and Asia, Tibet uniquely established Lamaism. This was centered around a Buddhist social revolution originating distinctly from India's Hinduism and finding root in Tibet. The Lama (teacher) is a living Buddha for Tibetans who provides a powerful bridge between real and imaginary consciousness worlds, where the self is methodically dissolved into the whole's benefit by tantra practice.

Tibetans imported this order to help change their society to one based on education, social welfare, peaceful progress, with a self-renouncing monastic class of rulers. The monastic sanga (community) were supported and organized like a military; however, they were set on a self-discovery yogic mission for reconnaissance to perfect and develop methods in eliminating ego suffering.

Tibetan Buddhists advanced a form of non-hereditary succession of title and land based on reincarnation, which presented living proof that their methods succeeded by extraordinary means. It also ensured that young leaders were well-trained in the monastic canon and it avoided deadly heir feuds seen in the heritable practices within feudalism. Tibetan monastics eschewed materialistic and economic progress for want of virtual visualizations. Monastic warriors were focused on accepting and perpetuating life in contrast to defending or attacking it.

In a highly celebrated and unique victory, Tibetan monastic warriors overcame the native Bon practices which then encompassed services for all of life's needs (birth, marriage, healthcare, death and spirit exorcism) by incorporating them into their own practices. New Buddhist spiritual technology was integrated with the existing Bon methods, as contrasted with oppression methods seen in other warrior techniques. Transformation and re-purposing of military-warrior symbolism and strategy into new codified tactics within Buddhist practice was a recurring metaphorical theme.

The society flourished to produce one of the best assemblies of peaceful enlightened self-knowledge known to humankind. When modern Chinese communist military economic industrial forces swept in to dismantle and uproot it based on monarchic upheaval, this caused a spread of the seeds of this spiritual warrior way throughout the rest of the world, which are now taking root in new democratic forms.

Displaced Tibetans tend to remain loyal to their exiled leaders and lineage of teachers.^[8]

Chogyam Trungpa

The spiritual warrior archetype helps to constructively answer questions about aggression and competition with a healthy direction. Unlike the soldier character, the spiritual warrior is in touch with the joy, the sadness, the expansiveness in their heart; able to share and give it to others. The warrior knows about death and seizes the day. They have learned to let go with forgiveness and avoids chasing others in revenge. The warrior commits to growing the heart and soul in becoming a creative being. The warrior serves in love of strangers and gives generously while giving to themselves. The spiritual warrior seeks to change others with rational and compassionate decision-making in service of a higher goal.^[11]

Dudjom Rinpoche

In Dudjom Jigdral Yeshe Dorje's Nyingma history, spiritual warrior (sems-dpa', Skt sattva), is a technical term applied to bodhisattvas, Subhuti, Vajrasattva, Manjusri, Samantabhadra, Sakya Jugne and Tsangtonpa. Great spiritual warriors have inserted doctrinal treasures into mountains, ravines and woods.^[12]

See also

Notes

1. ^Pine, Red (2002), "The Diamond Sutra" Counterpoint, p.404, {{ISBN|978-1582432564}}
2. ^Murdock, Maureen (1990), "The Heroine's Journey", Shambhala, June 23, 1990, p11, {{ISBN|0-87773-485-2}}
3. ^Novic, Rebecca (2012), "Fundamentals of Tibetan Buddhism", Random House Digital, Inc., Feb 15, 2012. "The Bodhisattva ... Tibetans regard this figures as a cosmic spiritual warrior." {{ISBN|978-0-307-81397-8}}
4. ^Oddo, Richard J ('A spiritual warrior') (1990), "Sharing of The Heart", Self-Published, 1989, {{ISBN|0-945637-02-0}}
5. ^{{cite book|last1=Moacanin|first1=Radmila|title=The Essence of Jung's Psychology and Tibetan Buddhism: Western and Eastern Paths to the Heart|date= June 1, 2002|publisher=Wisdom Publications|isbn=978-0861713400|pages=6|edition=2nd|url=https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=_o0cu_WNghQC&oi=fnd&pg=PR7&dq=%22spiritual+warrior%22+tibetan+buddhism#v=onepage&q=%22spiritual%20warrior%22&f=false|}}
6. ^{{cite book|last1=Novick|first1=Rebecca|title=Fundamentals of Tibetan Buddhism (Crossing Press Pocket Guides)|date=February 15, 2012|publisher=Crossing Press|asin=B00735H7AQ|edition=Kindle|url=https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=tjx4zajsbzIC&oi=fnd&pg=PT4&dq=%22spiritual+warrior%22+tibetan+buddhism#v=onepage&q=%22spiritual%20warrior%22&f=false}}
7. ^Huges, J."Beginnings and Endings: The Buddhist Mythos of the Arising and Passing Away of the World" in Buddhist Perceptions of Desirable Societies in the Future eds. Sulak Sivaraksa. IRCD: Bangkok, Thailand. 1993
8. ^Thurman, Robert AF, "Essential Tibetan Buddhism", Castle Books, 1997, pp 1-46 {{ISBN|0-7858-0872-8}}
9. ^Brussat, Frederic and Mary Ann, Spiritually and Practice Book Review on Trungpa, Chogyam, "Smiling at Fear", Shambhala, November 2009, {{ISBN|978-1-59030-696-3}}
10. ^Trungpa, Chogyam, "True Perception: The Path of Dharma Art", Shambhala, November 11, 2008, {{ISBN|1-59030-588-4}} [https://books.google.com/books?id=S8BszVI638AC&pg=PA194&lpg=PA194&dq=trungpa+%22spiritual+warrior%22&source=bl&ots=wHHTb_hRsT&sig=t-DMVhUamCLhyfNCjfyPHgwNsNc&hl=en&ei=VZWJS6meDY-VtgfF-PS_Dw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=5&ved=0CBQQ6AEwBA#v=onepage&q=trungpa%20%22spiritual%20warrior%22&f=false]
11. ^Fox, Matthew (2008), "The hidden spirituality of men" Ode Magazine, October 2008,
12. ^{{cite book|last1=Rinpoche|first1=Dudjom|last2=Dorje|first2=Gyureme|last3=Kapstein|first3=Matthew|title=The Nyingma School of Tibetan Buddhism: Its Fundamentals and History|date=1991| publisher=Wisdom Publications|isbn=0861711998|page=377|edition=1st}}