| 词条 | Angelo Bruno |
| 释义 |
|name=Angelo Bruno |image=Angelo Bruno.jpeg |image_size= |caption= Bruno and his wife, Sue |birth_name=Angelo Annaloro |birth_date= {{birth date|1910|5|21}} |birth_place=Villalba, Sicily, Italy |death_date= {{death date and age|1980|3|21|1910|5|21}} |death_place= Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S. |charge = |death_cause = Gunshot to the back of the head |resting_place = Holy Cross Cemetery, Yeadon, Pennsylvania, U.S. |penalty = |nationality = Italian, American |citizenship = Italian, American |spouse = {{marriage|Sue Maranca|1931}} |children = 2 |known_for = Boss of the Bruno crime family |other_names = "The Gentle Don", "The Docile Don"[1] |occupation = Businessman, Crime boss, Mafioso, Mobster, Rum Runner, Racketeer }}Angelo Bruno (born Angelo Annaloro; (May 21, 1910 – March 21, 1980) was a Sicilian-American mobster, notable for being boss of the Philadelphia crime family for two decades until his assassination. Bruno gained the epithets "the Gentle Don" or "the Docile Don" posthumously due to his preference for conciliation over violence in stark contrast to his successors.[2] Early yearsBorn in Villalba, Province of Caltanissetta, Sicily, Bruno immigrated to the United States in his teens and settled in Philadelphia with his brother Vito. The son of a foundry worker who after settling in South Philadelphia opened a small grocery store at 4341 North Sixth Street in Feltonville, Philadelphia. Angelo helped his father at the store until 1922, at the age of twelve when he first entered school, only pursuing education for a few years before dropping out of South Philadelphia High School to open his own grocery store at Eighth and Annin Streets in Passyunk Square, Philadelphia. Bruno was a close associate of New York Gambino crime family boss Carlo Gambino. Living with Bruno was a cousin of mobster John Simone. Bruno dropped the name Annaloro and replaced it with his paternal grandmother's maiden name, Bruno. His sponsor into the Philadelphia mafia was Michele Maggio, the founder of M. Maggio Cheese Corp., since bought up by Crowley Foods, and a convicted murderer with a national reputation. Bruno was married to Sue Maranca, who he had known since childhood.[3] They had two children together, Michael and Jean. [4] Bruno owned an extermination company in Trenton, New Jersey, an aluminum products company in Hialeah, Florida, and a share in the Plaza Hotel in Havana, Cuba. Bruno's first arrest was in 1928 for reckless driving. Subsequent arrests included firearms violations, operating an illicit alcohol still, illegal gambling, and receiving stolen property. Family leader{{unreferenced section|date=April 2015}}In 1959, Bruno succeeded Joseph Ida as boss of the Philadelphia family. Over the next twenty years, Bruno successfully avoided the intense media and law enforcement scrutiny and outbursts of violence that plagued other crime families. Bruno himself avoided lengthy prison terms despite several arrests; his longest term was two years for refusing to testify before a grand jury. Bruno forbade family involvement in narcotics trafficking, preferring more traditional Cosa Nostra operations, such as bookmaking and loansharking. However, Bruno did permit other gangs to distribute heroin in Philadelphia for a share of the proceeds. This arrangement angered some family members who wanted a share of the drug-dealing profits. Bruno preferred to operate through bribery rather than murder. For example, he banished violent soldier Nicodemo "Little Nicky" Scarfo to the then-backwater of Atlantic City for being too violent. Later in his tenure, Bruno had to deal with the New York crime families' desire to operate in the increasingly lucrative Atlantic City gambling industry. The Five Families thought Atlantic City was far too lucrative for the Philadelphia family to get all of the action, although Atlantic City had long been regarded as Philadelphia's turf. Under longstanding Mafia rules, however, they couldn't set up shop in Atlantic City unless Bruno invited them–and Bruno wasn't willing to do so. Rebellion and deathSeveral factions within the Philadelphia family began conspiring to betray the aging Bruno. On March 21, 1980, the 69-year-old Bruno was killed by a shotgun blast in the back of the head as he sat in his car in front of his home at the intersection of 10th Street and Snyder Avenue in South Philadelphia. It is believed that the killing was ordered by Antonio Caponigro (aka Tony Bananas), Bruno's consigliere. A few weeks later, Caponigro's body was found stuffed in a body bag in the trunk of a car in New York City. About $300 in bills were jammed in his mouth and anus (to be interpreted as signs of greed). The Commission had reportedly ordered Caponigro's murder because he assassinated Bruno without their sanction. Other Philadelphia family members involved in Bruno's murder were tortured and killed. After Caponigro's murder, Philip "Chicken Man" Testa led the family for one year until he was killed by a nail bomb at his home. Testa's death resulted from an attempt by Peter Casella, Testa's underboss, and Frank "Chickie" Narducci, a capo, to become the Philadelphia boss and underboss. After Testa's death, Scarfo took over the Philadelphia family. In the ensuing years, the Philadelphia family would be decimated by government informants, more infighting, and the prosecutions of Scarfo and other mobsters. In February 2016, author and historian Celeste Morello began an effort to designate Bruno's home a historical landmark.[5] In March 2016, a historical landmark advisory committee ruled against the request.[6] In popular cultureBruno is portrayed by actor Chazz Palminteri in the 2015 film Legend and played by Harvey Keitel in the 2019 Martin Scorsese film The Irishman.[7] References1. ^{{cite web|last1=Volk|first1=Steve|title=The Godfather's Daughter|url=http://www.phillymag.com/articles/the-godfathers-daughter/|website=Philadelphia Magazine|accessdate=23 January 2017}} 2. ^http://www.phillymag.com/articles/2007/12/18/the-godfathers-daughter/%3famp=1 3. ^{{Cite news|url=http://www.philly.com/philly/news/local/20070718_Sue_Bruno__widow_of_mob_boss__dies_at_94.html|title=Sue Bruno, widow of mob boss, dies at 94|work=Philly.com|access-date=2018-04-26}} 4. ^{{Cite news|url=http://www.philly.com/philly/news/local/20070718_Sue_Bruno__widow_of_mob_boss__dies_at_94.html|title=Sue Bruno, widow of mob boss, dies at 94|work=Philly.com|access-date=2018-04-26}} 5. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.newsworks.org/index.php/local/philadelphia/91079-philly-historical-commission-gets-offer-it-can-refuse-preserving-home-of-slain-mob-boss-angelo-bruno-|title=Philly historical commission gets offer it can refuse – preserving home of slain mob boss...|last=Allyn|first=Bobby|website=Newsworks.org|language=en-gb|access-date=2017-07-16}} 6. ^{{Cite news|url=https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2016/03/17/470874685/committee-rejects-philly-mob-boss-home-as-historical-landmark|title=Committee Rejects Philly Mob Boss' Home As Historical Landmark|work=NPR.org|access-date=2017-07-16|language=en}} 7. ^{{Cite web|url=http://aboutthemafia.com/tag/angelo-bruno|title=The Irishman Photos: On set of Scorsese’s new Mafia movie|last=|first=|date=October 17, 2017|website=www.aboutthemafia.com|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=November 17, 2017}}
Further reading
External links{{Portal|Biography}}
Boss|years=1970s–1980}}{{s-aft|after=Philip Testa}}{{s-end}}{{Philadelphia crime family}}{{American Mafia}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Bruno, Angelo}} 14 : 1910 births|1980 deaths|1980 murders in the United States|People from Villalba, Sicily|Italian emigrants to the United States|American mob bosses|American Roman Catholics|Italian mob bosses|Italian Roman Catholics|Murdered American mobsters of Sicilian descent|People murdered by the Philadelphia crime family|Prohibition-era gangsters|Deaths by firearm in Pennsylvania|People murdered in Pennsylvania |
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