| 词条 | Mianyang | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
|name = {{raise|0.2em|Mianyang}} |official_name = |other_name = |native_name = {{lower|0.1em|{{nobold|{{lang|zh-hans|绵阳市}}}}}} |nickname = |settlement_type = Prefecture-level city |total_type = |motto = |image_skyline = Mianyang_montage.jpg |imagesize = |image_caption = Clockwise from top: The view of Mianyang City from Fule Park, Yuewang Mansion at night, Night scene along Fujiang River in Mianyang City, Ziyun Pavilion in Xishan Park of Mianyang |image_flag = |flag_size = |image_seal = |seal_size = |image_shield = |shield_size = |image_blank_emblem = |blank_emblem_type = |blank_emblem_size = |image_map = Sichuan subdivisions - Mianyang.svg |mapsize = 250px |map_caption = Location of Mianyang in Sichuan |image_map1 = |mapsize1 = |map_caption1 = |image_dot_map = |dot_mapsize = |dot_map_caption = |dot_x = |dot_y = |pushpin_map = |pushpin_label_position = |pushpin_map_caption = |pushpin_mapsize = |subdivision_type = Country |subdivision_name = People's Republic of China |subdivision_type1 = Province |subdivision_name1 = Sichuan |subdivision_type2 = |subdivision_name2 = |seat_type = Municipal seat |seat = Fucheng District |parts_type = |parts_style = |p1 = |p2 = |government_footnotes = |government_type = |leader_title = CPC Party Chief |leader_name = Peng yuxing |leader_title1 = Mayor |leader_name1 = Liu Chao |leader_title2 = |leader_name2 = |leader_title3 = |leader_name3 = |leader_title4 = |leader_name4 = |established_title = |established_date = |established_title1 = |established_date1 = |established_title2 = |established_date2 = |established_title3 = |established_date3 = |founder = |named_for = |area_footnotes = |area_total_km2 =20267.46 |area_land_km2 = |area_water_km2 = |area_water_percent = |area_urban_km2 =1571.7 |area_metro_km2 =2755.4 |area_blank1_title = |area_blank1_km2 = |elevation_footnotes = |population_metro =1722133 |population_density_metro_km2 =auto |population_urban =1355331 |population_density_urban_km2 =auto |population_blank1_title = |population_blank1 = |population_density_blank1_km2 = |timezone = China Standard |utc_offset = +8 |coor_pinpoint = Mianyang government |coordinates = {{coord|31.468|N|104.679|E|type:adm2nd_region:CN-51_source:Gaode|format=dms|display=it}} |postal_code_type =Postal code |postal_code =621000 |area_code =0816 |iso_code = CN-SC-07 |website = {{URL|www.my.gov.cn/}} |footnotes = |blank1_name = License Plate Prefix |blank1_info = {{lang|zh-cn|川B}} |blank2_name = Tree |blank2_info = Cinnamomum camphora |blank3_name = Flower |blank3_info = Rosa chinensis }}{{Infobox Chinese |pic=Mianyang_(chinese_characters).png |piccap="Miányáng" in Chinese characters |picupright=0.4 |title=Miányáng |t={{linktext|綿陽}} |s={{linktext|绵阳}} |p=Miányáng |w=Mien2-yang2 |mi={{IPAc-cmn|m|ian|2|.|yang|2}} |gr=Mianyang |bpmf=ㄇㄧㄢˊ ㄧㄤˊ |l="South of Mian Mountain" }}Mianyang ({{zh|s=绵阳|t=綿陽|w=Mien2-yang2|p=Miányáng }}) is the second largest prefecture-level city of Sichuan province in Southwest China. Its population was 5.45 million in 2015 covering an area of {{convert|20281|km²}} consisting of Jiangyou, a county-level city, six counties and two urban districts. Its built-up (or metro) area was home to 1,722,133 inhabitants including the city proper of Mianyang (two urban districts) and An County largely being conurbated as urbanisation sprawls. In 2006, Mianyang was ranked as China's third "most suitable city for living" by China Daily, after coastal cities Dalian and Xiamen.,[2] but it has since dropped out of the top 10.[3] HistoryMianyang, called Fuxian (Fu County) in ancient times, had advanced in agriculture during the Qin (221−206 BCE) and Han (206 BCE−220 CE) dynasties. It has a history of over 2,200 years since the Emperor Gaozu of Han established the first county in this area in 201 BCE. Due to its advantageous location, it had always been a town of great military importance and formed a natural defence for Chengdu.[4] Mianyang is home to the CAEP and Science City, an immense Military Research Complex which was the site of the development of China's first nuclear bomb. The city proper itself was only lightly damaged by the earthquake of 12 May 2008. However, Beichuan County, which is in the prefecture is among the most severely hit of all disaster regions following the earthquake, including the Beichuan High School campus, where more than 1,000 students lost their lives after two main buildings collapsed.[5] Around 80% of the county's buildings are said to have collapsed, including its main government building.[6] The casualty toll for the quake in Mianyang Prefecture as of 7 June 2008 was 21,963 people killed, 167,742 injured, and 8,744 people missing.[7][8] Geography and climateMianyang is at the northwestern end of the Sichuan Basin, on the upper to middle reaches of the Fu River. Its administrative area ranges in latitude from 30° 42' to 33° 03' N and in longitude from 103° 45' to 105° 43' E. Bordering prefectures are Guangyuan to the northeast, Nanchong to the east, Suining to the south, Deyang to the southwest, Ngawa Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture to the west. It also borders Gansu for a small section in the north. Mianyang has a monsoon-influenced humid subtropical climate (Köppen Cwa) and is largely mild and humid, with four distinct seasons. Winter is short, mild, and foggy, though precipitation is low. January averages {{convert|5.3|°C|1}}, and while frost may occur, snow is rare. Summers are long, hot and humid, with highs often exceeding {{convert|30|°C}}. The daily average in July, the warmest month, is {{convert|25.7|°C}}. Rainfall is light in winter and can be heavy in summer, and more than 70% of the annual total occurs from May to September. The annual frost-free period across most of the prefecture lasts from 252 to 300 days, and there are only 1,100 hours of sunshine annually, which is not even 30% of the possible total. {{Weather box|width = auto |metric first=y |single line=y |location = Mianyang (1971−2000) |Jan high C = 9.6 |Feb high C = 11.6 |Mar high C = 16.1 |Apr high C = 22.3 |May high C = 26.7 |Jun high C = 28.7 |Jul high C = 30.1 |Aug high C = 30.5 |Sep high C = 25.5 |Oct high C = 21.0 |Nov high C = 16.0 |Dec high C = 10.9 |Jan mean C = 5.3 |Feb mean C = 7.3 |Mar mean C = 11.4 |Apr mean C = 16.8 |May mean C = 21.4 |Jun mean C = 24.3 |Jul mean C = 25.7 |Aug mean C = 25.4 |Sep mean C = 21.4 |Oct mean C = 17.0 |Nov mean C = 11.8 |Dec mean C = 6.7 |year mean C = 16.2 |Jan low C = 2.0 |Feb low C = 4.1 |Mar low C = 7.7 |Apr low C = 12.5 |May low C = 17.4 |Jun low C = 20.9 |Jul low C = 22.4 |Aug low C = 21.9 |Sep low C = 18.7 |Oct low C = 14.3 |Nov low C = 8.8 |Dec low C = 3.6 |Jan record high C = 19.0 |Jan record low C =-5.3 |Feb record high C = 21.3 |Feb record low C =-4.3 |Mar record high C = 29.5 |Mar record low C =-3.4 |Apr record high C = 32.9 |Apr record low C = 0.3 |May record high C = 35.9 |May record low C = 7.2 |Jun record high C = 35.8 |Jun record low C = 14.2 |Jul record high C = 36.0 |Jul record low C = 17.3 |Aug record high C = 37.2 |Aug record low C = 15.8 |Sep record high C = 36.6 |Sep record low C = 13.3 |Oct record high C = 29.1 |Oct record low C = 3.8 |Nov record high C = 25.0 |Nov record low C =-2.1 |Dec record high C = 20.8 |Dec record low C =-7.3 |year high C= 20.8 |year low C= 12.9 |year high F =69.4 |year low F =55.1 |precipitation colour = green |Jan precipitation mm = 8.5 |Feb precipitation mm = 11.7 |Mar precipitation mm = 20.2 |Apr precipitation mm = 46.7 |May precipitation mm = 71.4 |Jun precipitation mm = 107.0 |Jul precipitation mm = 218.7 |Aug precipitation mm = 192.2 |Sep precipitation mm = 131.4 |Oct precipitation mm = 38.7 |Nov precipitation mm = 14.5 |Dec precipitation mm = 4.5 |unit precipitation days = 0.1 mm |Jan precipitation days = 5.6 |Feb precipitation days = 7.0 |Mar precipitation days = 9.5 |Apr precipitation days = 11.2 |May precipitation days = 13.4 |Jun precipitation days = 14.3 |Jul precipitation days = 15.4 |Aug precipitation days = 13.1 |Sep precipitation days = 14.9 |Oct precipitation days = 12.7 |Nov precipitation days = 6.6 |Dec precipitation days = 4.0 |source 1 = Weather China |date=January 2012}} TransportThe city has highway and railway connections to several major cities and is on the road from Xi'an to the provincial capital of Chengdu as well as the Baocheng Railway running from Baoji in Shaanxi province to Chengdu. Mianyang Nanjiao Airport, which is the second largest airport in Sichuan province, has direct flights to Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Xi'an, Shenzhen, Kunming, Hangzhou, and so on. G5 Beijing–Kunming Expressway and G93 Chengyu Ring Expressway. EconomyMianyang is one of China's major centres for the electronics industry. It has many well-known research institutions, such as the China Academy of Engineering Physics and China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center. Many large-scale enterprises, such as Changhong Electronics Group Corporation, Sichuan DND Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd., Jiuzhou Electronics Group, Shuangma Cement Group, and Changcheng Special Steel Company also have their home in Mianyang. Mianyang is an important national defence, scientific research and production base, consisting of 18 institutes including the China Academy of Engineering Physics and the China Aerodynamics Research Institute. Moreover, it houses 50 large- and medium-size enterprises and six science colleges. The provincial government will hand over greater administrative powers of economic management at the provincial-level authority to propel the development of Mianyang. The new economy management authority will pay close attention to the construction of the scientific city. The provincial committee party and government are presently drafting the "Opinions on Propelling China Scientific City Construction" report which is expected to come out soon. Mianyang Hi-Tech Industrial Development Zone{{Main|Sichuan#Mianyang_New_.26_Hi-Tech_Industrial_Development_Zone}}EducationThere are six universities and colleges in the city, and it is well known as a science and technology centre. The best known of these is Southwest University of Science and Technology, with a campus of 4000 mu (about {{convert|260|ha}}). There is a wide-band multimedia campus network, which is connected to the Internet. The student dorm has access to telephone, Internet and TV. There are over 900,000 copies of books and over 10,000 electronic books in the library. The studying and living facilities are all on the campus. Others:
PeopleIt is the hometown of the famous poet Li Bai, and boasts many historical relics of the Three Kingdoms period. Several minorities live in Mianyang, such as the Tibetan and Qiang people. Subdivisions
ReferencesExternal links{{commons category|Mianyang}}
3 : Cities in Sichuan|Prefecture-level divisions of Sichuan|Mianyang |
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