| 词条 | Mica Dam |
| 释义 |
| name = Mica Dam | image =MicaDam.JPG | image_caption =Aerial view of the Mica Dam | name_official = | dam_crosses = Columbia River | location = Mica Creek, British Columbia, Canada | dam_type = | dam_length = | dam_height = {{Convert|240|m|ft|0|abbr=on}} | dam_width_base = | spillway_type = | spillway_capacity = | construction_began = | opening = 29 March 1973 | demolished = | cost = | owner = BC Hydro | res_name = Kinbasket Lake | res_capacity_total = {{convert|24.762|km3|acre feet|abbr=on}}[1] | res_catchment = | res_surface = {{Convert|430|km2|sqmi|abbr=on}} | res_max_depth = | plant_operator = | plant_turbines = 6[2] | plant_capacity = 2,805 MW |plant_commission = 1976–1977[3] | plant_annual_gen = 7,202 GWh[3] | plant_decommission = | location_map = | location_map_caption = | coordinates = {{coord|52|04|40|N|118|33|59|W|type:landmark|display=inline,title}} | website = | extra = }} Mica Dam, a hydroelectric dam spanning the Columbia River 135 kilometres north of Revelstoke, British Columbia, Canada, was built as one of three Canadian projects under the terms of the 1964 Columbia River Treaty and is operated by BC Hydro. Completed in 1973 under the terms of the treaty, the Mica powerhouse had an original generating capacity of 1,805 megawatts (MW). Mica Dam, named after the nearby settlement of Mica Creek and its associated stream, in turn named after the abundance of mica minerals in the area, is one of the largest earthfill dams in the world. The reservoir for the dam is Kinbasket Lake, which was created when the dam was built. Water from the dam flows south directly into Revelstoke Lake, the reservoir for the Revelstoke Dam. Mica Dam is the tallest dam in Canada and second tallest in North America after the Chicoasén Dam in Mexico and it is the farthest upstream dam on the Columbia River.[4] The dam's underground powerhouse was the second largest in the world at the time of its construction, and was the first 500 kV installation of sulphur hexafluoride (SF6) insulated switchgear in the world. HistoryMica Dam was operational on March 29, 1973.[5] The dam was built to a height of {{convert|244|m|ft}} above bedrock, near the first location of the village Mica Creek. At the time, the dam was one of three storage dams built by the provincial power company BC Hydro, within the description of the Columbia River Treaty. The dam operated with a {{convert|427|km2|sqmi|adj=on}} reservoir containing {{convert|15|km3|acre.ft}} of live storage and {{convert|24.8|km3|acre.ft}} of total storage in McNaughton Lake, later renamed Kinbasket Lake in 1980. The underground powerhouse, begun in 1973, was built to be {{convert|54|m|ft}} high, {{convert|24|m|ft}} wide and {{convert|237|m|ft}} long. In 1976, the first two electrical generators were commissioned, and in 1977 two more were completed bringing the total capacity of the powerhouse to 1,805 MW. Another two 500 MW generators were added and became operational in 2014 and in 2015, giving a total generating capacity of 2,805 MW.[6] The Mica powerhouse delivers its power to Nicola Substation via a 500-kilovolt, {{convert|570|km|mi|adj=on}} transmission line. A second power transmission line was built to the Meridian Substation near Port Moody, British Columbia, Canada. A number of small communities were inundated by the creation of Kinbasket Lake, and comprised a region known as the Big Bend Country, a subregion of the Columbia Country. Mica Dam was built to provide {{convert|7000000|acre.ft|km3|abbr=on}} of water storage as outlined in the Columbia River Treaty, plus another {{convert|5000000|acre.ft|km3|abbr=on}}, referred to as "non-Treaty storage". Since 1977, BC Hydro and the Bonneville Power Administration (BPA) have made a series of long and short term agreements for using non-Treaty storage. Negotiations for a new long-term agreement began in 2011. If implemented, it would manage non-Treaty storage until 2024.[7] ClimateClimate station located just south of Mica Dam at an elevation of {{convert|579.10|m|ft}}.[8] {{Weather box|location = Mica Dam |metric first = yes |single line= yes |collapsed = yes |Jan record high C = 7.5 |Feb record high C = 11.0 |Mar record high C = 12.8 |Apr record high C = 23.5 |May record high C = 32.5 |Jun record high C = 35.6 |Jul record high C = 36.1 |Aug record high C = 37.8 |Sep record high C = 29.5 |Oct record high C = 20.5 |Nov record high C = 14.4 |Dec record high C = 7.7 |year record high C = 37.8 |Jan high C = -2.6 |Feb high C = -0.4 |Mar high C = 4.3 |Apr high C = 10.2 |May high C = 18.0 |Jun high C = 21.8 |Jul high C = 23.9 |Aug high C = 23.5 |Sep high C = 17.1 |Oct high C = 8.7 |Nov high C = 1.3 |Dec high C = -2.6 |year high C = 10.3 |Jan mean C = -4.9 |Feb mean C = -3.4 |Mar mean C = 0.5 |Apr mean C = 5.0 |May mean C = 10.9 |Jun mean C = 14.8 |Jul mean C = 16.7 |Aug mean C = 16.2 |Sep mean C = 11.4 |Oct mean C = 5.3 |Nov mean C = -0.5 |Dec mean C = -4.5 |year mean C = 5.6 |Jan low C = -7.0 |Feb low C = -6.3 |Mar low C = -3.4 |Apr low C = -0.3 |May low C = 3.7 |Jun low C = 7.7 |Jul low C = 9.4 |Aug low C = 8.8 |Sep low C = 5.6 |Oct low C = 1.7 |Nov low C = -2.3 |Dec low C = -6.3 |year low C = 0.9 |Jan record low C = -33.9 |Feb record low C = -28.0 |Mar record low C = -23.3 |Apr record low C = -11.5 |May record low C = -3.9 |Jun record low C = 0.0 |Jul record low C = 1.0 |Aug record low C = -0.5 |Sep record low C = -4.4 |Oct record low C = -13.5 |Nov record low C = -26.0 |Dec record low C = -37.2 |year record low C = -37.2 |Jan precipitation mm = 184.4 |Feb precipitation mm = 110.1 |Mar precipitation mm = 107.0 |Apr precipitation mm = 77.8 |May precipitation mm = 64.0 |Jun precipitation mm = 70.2 |Jul precipitation mm = 90.1 |Aug precipitation mm = 78.0 |Sep precipitation mm = 67.4 |Oct precipitation mm = 144.1 |Nov precipitation mm = 200.7 |Dec precipitation mm = 180.1 |year precipitation mm = 1373.9 |Jan rain mm= 30.5 |Feb rain mm= 26.6 |Mar rain mm= 59.0 |Apr rain mm= 73.1 |May rain mm= 64.0 |Jun rain mm= 70.2 |Jul rain mm= 90.1 |Aug rain mm= 78.0 |Sep rain mm= 67.4 |Oct rain mm= 137.0 |Nov rain mm= 98.9 |Dec rain mm= 25.8 |year rain mm= 820.5 |Jan snow cm= 154.0 |Feb snow cm= 83.5 |Mar snow cm= 48.0 |Apr snow cm= 4.6 |May snow cm= 0.1 |Jun snow cm= 0.0 |Jul snow cm= 0.0 |Aug snow cm= 0.0 |Sep snow cm= 0.0 |Oct snow cm= 7.1 |Nov snow cm= 101.8 |Dec snow cm= 154.3 |year snow cm= 553.4 |source 1 = Environment Canada [8] |date=September 2015 }} Pumped storageKinbasket Lake above Mica Dam normally has unused capacity to store water and Revelstoke Lake below the dam has minimal storage capacity. A proposed pumped storage addition on the side of Mica Dam would pump water into Kinbasket Lake, which would later be used to generate power at Mica and Revelstoke dams.[9] This project was discussed in 2017 as storage for intermittent power from wind turbines in the event that the Site C Dam was cancelled. See also{{stack|{{Portal|Canada|Water|Renewable energy}}}}
References1. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.crt2014-2024review.gov/Files/DOP09.pdf|title=Columbia River Treaty: Detailed Operating Plan for Canadian Storage|publisher=Columbia River Treaty 2014/2024 Review|work=Columbia River Treaty Operating Committee|date=June 2008|accessdate=2015-01-05}} 2. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.bchydro.com/energy-in-bc/our_system/generation/our_facilities/columbia.html|title=Columbia Region|author=BC Hydro|date=2014|accessdate=2015-01-03|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150104000503/https://www.bchydro.com/energy-in-bc/our_system/generation/our_facilities/columbia.html|archivedate=2015-01-04|df=}} 3. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.bchydro.com/etc/medialib/internet/documents/projects/mica/mica_ProjUpdate_aug2011.Par.0001.File.mica-ProjUpdate-aug2011.pdf|title=Mica Units 5 and 6 Projects: Project Update August 2011|publisher=BC Hydro|work=|date=August 2011|accessdate=2012-08-25}}{{dead link|date=January 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} 4. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.nwd-wc.usace.army.mil/dd/common/sysmap/www/index.html?lat=47&long=-118&zoom=6 |title= Columbia River Basin Clickable Map |publisher= United States Army Corps of Engineers |accessdate= 2015-01-04}} 5. ^page 3, Kelowna Capital News, December 29, 1976, "New Generators, Boost in Mica power scheduled in 1977" 6. ^1 [https://www.bchydro.com/content/dam/BCHydro/customer-portal/documents/projects/mica-5-6/mica-projects-newsletter-february-2015.pdf BC Hydro News], December 12, 2015 7. ^{{cite web |url= http://www.bpa.gov/corporate/BPANews/ArticleTemplate.cfm?ArticleId=article-20110524-01 |title= BPA and BC Hydro seek new long-term water storage agreement |publisher= Bonneville Power Administration |accessdate= 27 May 2011 |deadurl= yes |archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20110726120516/http://www.bpa.gov/corporate/BPANews/ArticleTemplate.cfm?ArticleId=article-20110524-01 |archivedate= 26 July 2011 |df= }} 8. ^1 {{cite web|url =http://climate.weather.gc.ca/climate_normals/results_1981_2010_e.html?stnID=1367&lang=e&province=BC&provSubmit=go&page=126&dCode=0| title = Mica Dam | work = Canadian Climate Normals 1981–2010| publisher = Environment Canada| language = English, French| accessdate =September 28, 2015}} 9. ^https://www.bchydro.com/content/dam/hydro/medialib/internet/documents/planning_regulatory/iep_ltap/ror/appx_10b_pumped_storage_mica_preliminary_cost_estimate.pdf External links{{Columbia River dams |dam=Mica Dam| downriver=Revelstoke Dam|upriver=none}} 7 : Dams on the Columbia River|Dams in British Columbia|Hydroelectric power stations in British Columbia|Columbia Country|Dams completed in 1973|Embankment dams|Underground power stations |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。