| 词条 | SS Empire Breeze | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
|lat=49.367 |long=-35.867 |caption=Location of the sinking of Empire Breeze. }} Empire Breeze was a {{GRT|7,457}} cargo ship which was built in 1940 for the Ministry of War Transport (MoWT). Shortly after entering service she ran aground but was repaired. Empire Breeze was torpedoed and sunk by {{GS|U-176||2}} on 25 August 1942. DescriptionEmpire Breeze was built by J L Thompson & Sons Ltd, Sunderland.[1] She was yard number 603.[2] Launched on 3 October 1940, she was completed in January 1941.[1]Empire Breeze was {{convert|310|ft|6|in|m|2}} long, with a beam of {{convert|59|ft|9|in|m|2}} and a depth of {{convert|35|ft|m|2}}. She was propelled by a triple expansion steam engine which had cylinders of {{convert|25|in|cm}}, {{convert|41|in|cm}} and {{convert|68|in|cm}} bore by {{convert|45|in|cm}} stroke. The engine was built by George Clarke (1938) Ltd, Sunderland.[3] Empire Breeze was armed with a 4" gun, a 20mm AA gun and two twin machine guns.[5]CareerEmpire Breeze's port of registry was Sunderland. She was operated under the management of J & J Denholm Ltd, Sunderland.[3] On 5 February 1942, she ran aground on the Bondicar Rocks, off Amble, Northumberland. She was refloated on 13 March and taken in tow by the tug Bullger. On 16 March, Bullger struck a mine and sank in Druridge Bay. Empire Breeze was anchored off Cresswell and later taken to Sunderland for repairs. She was a member of a number of convoys during the Second World War.
Convoy ON 37 departed from Liverpool on 15 November 1941 and dispersed at sea on 24 November.[4]
Convoy ON 122 departed from Liverpool on 15 August 1942 and dispersed at sea on 3 September.[5] On 25 August 1942, Empire Breeze was torpedoed by {{GS|U-176||2}} and {{GS|U-438||2}}. Two torpedoes struck Empire Breeze, killing one crew member. She began to settle by the stern. The captain of U-438 claimed the kill, but postwar analysis shows that it was U-176 which had fired the fatal shot. The tug {{HMS|Frisky}} was sent from St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador and {{sclass2-|Flower|corvette}} {{HMCS|Rosthern|K169|6}} was detached from the convoy to assist in salvaging Empire Breeze. The surviving crew abandoned ship, but later reboarded her and sent distress signals after repairing the radio set. On 27 August, the Irish merchant ship {{SS|Irish Willow|1918|2}} rescued the 42 surviving crew and six DEMS gunners. They were landed at Dunmore East, County Waterford on 1 September. Although Empire Breeze was still afloat on 27 August, she could not be found by HMS Frisky and the search was abandoned on 30 August.[6] Those lost on Empire Breeze are commemorated at the Tower Hill Memorial, London.[7] Official Numbers and Code LettersOfficial Numbers were a forerunner to IMO Numbers. Empire Breeze had the UK Official Number 168662 and used the Code Letters GPFP.[3] References1. ^1 {{cite book | first = and Sawyer, L A| last = Mitchell, W H | year = 1995| month = | title = The Empire Ships| pages = | publisher = Lloyd's of London Press Ltd| location = London, New York, Hamburg, Hong Kong|isbn=1-85044-275-4}} {{coord|49|22|N|35|52|W|display=title}}{{Empire B ships}}{{February 1941 shipwrecks}}{{August 1942 shipwrecks}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Empire Breeze}}2. ^{{csr|register=MSI|id=1168662|accessdate=8 December 2009}} 3. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=http://www.plimsollshipdata.org/pdffile.php?name=40a1058.pdf |title=LLOYD'S REGISTER, NAVIRES A VAPEUR ET A MOTEURS |publisher=Plimsoll Ship Data |accessdate=8 December 2009}} 4. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.warsailors.com/convoys/on37.html |title=CONVOY ON (S) 37 |publisher=Warsailors |accessdate=8 December 2009}} 5. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.warsailors.com/convoys/on122.html |title=CONVOY ON 122, Code Word MAGOG |publisher=Warsailors |accessdate=8 December 2009}} 6. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.uboat.net/allies/merchants/2088.html |title=Empire Breeze |publisher=Uboat |accessdate=8 December 2009}} 7. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.benjidog.co.uk/Tower%20Hill/Ship%20Index%20A-F.html |title=Ship Index A-F |publisher=Brian Watson |accessdate=20 May 2011}} 9 : 1940 ships|Ships built on the River Wear|Empire ships|Ministry of War Transport ships|Steamships of the United Kingdom|Maritime incidents in February 1941|Maritime incidents in August 1942|Ships sunk by German submarines in World War II|Shipwrecks in the Atlantic Ocean |
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