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词条 SS Empire Byron
释义

  1. Description

  2. Career

  3. Official Numbers and Code Letters

  4. References

{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2017}}{{Use British English|date=January 2017}}{{Infobox ship image
Ship image=Ship caption=
}}{{Infobox ship career		Hide header= Ship country = Ship flag =Ship class=Ship name= Empire ByronShip ordered=Ship awarded=Ship builder=Bartram & Sons Ltd, SunderlandShip yard number=289Ship laid down=Ship launched=6 October 1941Ship completed=January 1942Ship christened=Ship acquired=United Kingdom|civil}} SunderlandShip identification=*UK Official Number 169005
  • Code Letters BCTG
  • {{ICS|Bravo}}{{ICS|Charlie}}{{ICS|Tango}}{{ICS|Golf}}
Ship owner=Ministry of War TransportShip operator=Haldin & Philipps LtdShip commissioned=Ship recommissioned=Ship decommissioned=Ship in service=Ship out of service= 5 July 1942Ship route=Ship renamed=Ship reclassified=Ship refit=Ship captured=Ship struck=Ship reinstated=Ship fate= Torpedoed and sunk by U-703Ship status=
}}{{Infobox ship characteristics		Hide header=Header caption=6,645}}
  • {{NRT|4,796}}
Ship tons burthen=Ship type=416|ft|8|in|m|2|abbr=on}}56|ft|5|in|m|2|abbr=on}}Ship draught=34|ft|m|2|abbr=on}}Ship propulsion=1 x triple expansion steam engineShip speed=Ship range=Ship endurance=Ship test depth=Ship capacity=Ship complement=Ship time to activate=Ship sensors=Ship EW=Ship armament=Ship armor=Ship aircraft=Ship motto=Ship nickname=Ship badge=Ship honours=Ship notes=Ship crew = 49, plus 19 DEMS gunners
}}
{{location map|Russia|width=304
|lat=76.3
|long=33.5
|caption=Location of the sinking of Empire Byron.
}}

Empire Byron was a {{GRT|6,645}} cargo ship which was built in 1941 for the Ministry of War Transport (MoWT). Completed in January 1942, she had a short service career. Empire Byron was torpedoed and sunk on 5 July 1942 by {{GS|U-703}} while a member of Convoy PQ 17.

Description

Empire Byron was built by Bartram & Sons Ltd, Sunderland for the MoWT.[1] She was yard number 289.[2] Empire Byron was launched on 6 October 1941 and completed in January 1942.[1]

The ship was {{convert|416|ft|8|in|m|2}} long, with a beam of {{convert|56|ft|5|in|m|2}} and a depth of {{convert|34|ft|m|2}}. She was propelled by a triple expansion steam engine which had cylinders of {{convert|23.5|in|cm}}, {{convert|38|in|cm}} and {{convert|66|in|cm}} diameter by {{convert|48|in|cm}} stroke. The engine was built by North East Marine Engine Co (1938) Ltd, Newcastle upon Tyne. She had a GRT of 6,645 and a NRT of 4,796.[3]

Career

Empire Byron was operated under the management of Haldin & Philipps Ltd.[3] She was a member of a number of convoys during the Second World War.

PQ 12

Convoy PQ 12 departed Reykjavík, Iceland on 1 March 1942.[4] It arrived at Murmansk on 12 March.[5] Empire Byron was a member of this convoy.[6]

QP 9

Convoy QP 9 departed the Kola Inlet, Soviet Union on 21 March 1942 and arrived at Reykjavík on 3 April. Empire Byron was listed as a member of this convoy, with a destination of Immingham.[7]

PQ 17
Convoy PQ 17 departed Reykjavík on 27 June 1942 and scattered at sea on 5 July.[8] Empire Byron had started her voyage from Hull. She was carrying a cargo of 15 aircraft, 30 tanks, 2,455 tons of military stores and six vehicles. On 4 July, Empire Byron was hit by a torpedo dropped by a Heinkel He 111 of II/KG 26 and was damaged, straggling behind the convoy. at 08:27 (German time) on 5 July, {{GS|U-703}} fired another torpedo, which sank Empire Byron with the loss of six crew and a passenger at {{coord|76|18|N|33|30|E|display=inline,title}}. A second passenger was taken prisoner. He was landed at Narvik, Norway on 15 July. The remaining 62 survivors were rescued by {{HMS|Dianella|K07|6}} and landed at Archangelsk on 16 July.[9]

The ship's captain, John Wharton MBE,[9] and the 3rd Radio Officer, R Phillips, were each awarded a Lloyd's War Medal for Bravery at Sea for their actions in the sinking of Empire Byron. In the case of Phillips, the award was posthumous.[10] Those lost on Empire Byron are commemorated at the Tower Hill Memorial, London.[11]

Official Numbers and Code Letters

Official Numbers were a forerunner to IMO Numbers. Empire Byron had the United Kingdom Official Number 169005 and used the Code Letters BCTG.[3]

References

1. ^1 {{cite book | first = and Sawyer, L A| last = Mitchell, W H | year = 1995| month = | title = The Empire Ships| pages = | publisher = Lloyd's of London Press Ltd| location = London, New York, Hamburg, Hong Kong|isbn=1-85044-275-4}}
2. ^{{csr|register=MSI|id=1169005|accessdate=1 January 2010}}
3. ^1 2 {{cite web|url=http://www.plimsollshipdata.org/pdffile.php?name=41b0989.pdf |title=LLOYD'S REGISTER, STEAMERS & MOTORSHIPS |publisher=Plimsoll Ship Data |accessdate=1 January 2010}}
4. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.bismarck-class.dk/tirpitz/history/tiropersportpalast.html |title=Tirpitz, the History |publisher=Bismark class |accessdate=1 January 2009}}
5. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.worldwar-2.net/timelines/war-at-sea/atlantic/battle-of-the-atlantic-index-1942.htm |title=Battle of the Atlantic! March 1942 |publisher=World War 2 |accessdate=1 January 2009}}
6. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.gordonmumford.com/m-navy/survive6.htm |title=Arctic Convoys |publisher=Gordon Mumford |accessdate=1 January 2010 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090808215650/http://www.gordonmumford.com/m-navy/survive6.htm |archivedate=8 August 2009 |df=dmy-all }}
7. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.warsailors.com/convoys/qp9.html |title=Convoy QP 9 |publisher=Warsailors |accessdate=1 January 2010}}
8. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.mikekemble.com/ww2/convoypq17.html |title=Convoy PQ 17 |publisher=Mike Kemble |accessdate=1 January 2010}}
9. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://uboat.net/allies/merchants/1891.html |title=Empire Byron |publisher=Uboat |accessdate=1 January 2010}}
10. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/ww2peopleswar/stories/30/a8649930.shtml |title=Lloyd’s War Medal for Bravery at Sea (Part Two) |publisher=BBC |accessdate=1 January 2010}}
11. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.benjidog.co.uk/Tower%20Hill/Ship%20Index%20A-F.html |title=Ship Index A-F |publisher=Brian Watson |accessdate=20 May 2011}}
{{Empire B ships}}{{July 1942 shipwrecks}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Empire Byron}}

8 : 1941 ships|Ships built on the River Wear|Empire ships|Ministry of War Transport ships|Steamships of the United Kingdom|Ships sunk by German submarines in World War II|Shipwrecks in the Atlantic Ocean|Maritime incidents in July 1942
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