| 词条 | Michael Bryant (politician) |
| 释义 |
| name = Michael Bryant | image = | caption = | office1 = Ontario MPP | term_start1 = 1999 | term_end1 = 2009 | predecessor1 = New riding | successor1 = Eric Hoskins | constituency1 = St. Paul's | party = Liberal | birth_name = Michael J. Bryant | birth_date = {{birth date and age|1966|04|13}} | birth_place = Victoria, British Columbia | relations = Susan Abramovitch (sep. December 2010) | residence = | alma_mater = {{Plainlist|
| occupation = lawyer, professor, consultant | spouse = | children = 2 }} Michael J. Bryant (born April 13, 1966) is a Canadian lawyer and former politician. He is the executive director and general counsel for the Canadian Civil Liberties Association. Bryant was a Liberal member of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario, representing the downtown Toronto riding of St. Paul's from 1999 to 2009. He was a senior member of Dalton McGuinty's provincial cabinet, first as Attorney General, being the province's youngest-ever to hold that post, and subsequently as Minister of Aboriginal Affairs, Minister of Economic Development and Government House Leader. Bryant left provincial politics to take up the newly created post of chief executive officer of Invest Toronto, a municipal agency with a mandate to attract investment and facilitate economic development. An altercation with a cyclist in 2009 led to Bryant being charged for the cyclist's death; the charges were withdrawn in 2010, with prosecutors describing the cyclist as the aggressor in the incident. BackgroundBryant was raised in the Greater Victoria area of British Columbia, where his father Ray was mayor of Esquimalt from 1966 to 1969.[1] Known for his "pugnacious streak",{{attribution needed|date=April 2018}} he trained as a boxer from childhood.[2] He received a Bachelor of Arts degree from the University of British Columbia in 1988, and a Master's degree from the same institution in 1989. Bryant was also a member of the Sigma Chi fraternity at UBC.[3] He graduated as in 1992 from Osgoode Hall Law School at York University in Toronto with a law degree.[3] and was the silver medalist of his year.[5] He then earned an LL.M. magna cum laude from Harvard Law School in 1994.[3] Bryant is a Fulbright Fellow. He clerked at the Supreme Court of Canada in 1992–93, and was later a lawyer at the firm of Sullivan & Cromwell in New York City, as well as lecturing in law at King's College London in England, and practicing litigation at McCarthy Tétrault.[3] In 1997, he became an adjunct professor in international law at the Department of Political Science at the University of Toronto.[3] Bryant was married to Susan Abramovitch, an entertainment lawyer, and they have two children, Sadie and Louis.[4] The couple separated in December 2010.[4][11] PoliticsBryant was elected to the Ontario legislature in the provincial election of 1999, defeating incumbent Progressive Conservative cabinet minister Isabel Bassett in St. Paul's by almost 5,000 votes.[5] Earlier, Bryant became the Liberal Party's nominee by defeating future premier Kathleen Wynne, 328 votes to 143. The Progressive Conservative government was re-elected, and Bryant served in Opposition Critic to the Attorney General for the next four years.{{citation needed|date=April 2018}} He was re-elected by a greater majority in the provincial election of 2003.[6] The Liberals won a majority government in this election, and Bryant was appointed Ontario Attorney General and Minister with responsibility for Native Affairs and Democratic Renewal.[7] While Attorney General he helped create Ontario's controversial Stunt Driving law, aimed at reducing street racing, and supported seizing and crushing vehicles that had been modified for street racing.[8][9] Bryant was also a strong proponent of a complete ban on handguns in Canada, at one point launching a website named "No Gun, No Funeral".[10] Bryant was re-elected in the 2007 election.[11] He was appointed as Minister of Aboriginal Affairs and Government House Leader on October 30, 2007.[12] On September 18, 2008, he became Minister of Economic Development, replacing Sandra Pupatello.[13] On May 23, 2009, Bryant announced that he would leave provincial politics to become CEO of the newly established Invest Toronto corporation, with Dalton McGuinty taking over his portfolio of Economic Development.[14][15] Bryant denied that his departure was as a result of a falling out with McGuinty, though reports suggested that Bryant's outspoken nature and ambition for the Premier's job may have been controversial within McGuinty's inner circle.[16][17][18] Bryant's resignation was effective June 7, 2009. Eric Hoskins retained the seat for the Liberals in a by-election held on September 17, 2009.[19] Cabinet positions{{s-start}}{{Canadian cabinet member navigational box header |ministry=Dalton_McGuinty}}{{ministry box cabinet posts| post3preceded = Sandra Pupatello | post3 = Minister of Economic Development | post3years = 2008–2009 | post3note = | post3followed = Dalton McGuinty | post2preceded = David Ramsay | post2 = Minister of Aboriginal Affairs | post2years = 2007–2008 | post2note = | post2followed = Brad Duguid | post1preceded = Norm Sterling | post1 = Attorney General | post1years = 2003–2007 | post1note = Also responsible for Native Affairs and Democratic Renewal (2003–2005) | post1followed = Chris Bentley }}{{ministry box special parl | post1preceded = Jim Bradley | post1 = Government House Leader | post1years = 2007–2009 | post1note = | post1followed = Monique Smith }}{{s-end}} 2009 criminal chargesOn September 1, 2009, Bryant was taken into police custody after an altercation with cyclist Darcy Allan Sheppard on a downtown Toronto street which resulted in Sheppard's death.[20] Bryant was later charged with criminal negligence causing death and dangerous driving causing death with respect to the incident.[21][22][23] On May 25, 2010, prosecutor Richard Peck withdrew all charges against Bryant stemming from the incident, noting there was "no reasonable prospect of conviction".[24] IncidentOn the evening of August 31, 2009, Bryant and his wife were driving home in his Saab convertible after celebrating their 12th wedding anniversary. At one point, they passed a cyclist, Darcy Allan Sheppard, who according to an interview with Bryant was tossing garbage and holding up traffic by executing figure eights on his bike.[25] As they neared a pedestrian crossing Sheppard pulled in front of Bryant's vehicle at a red light. Subsequent events were captured on security camera.[26] According to Bryant his vehicle stalled when he stopped behind Sheppard. His car then lurched forward from his attempts to restart the vehicle which brought the car close to or in contact with Sheppard's tire. Expert analysis of security camera footage confirmed the car's headlights dimmed in a manner consistent with this explanation and that the vehicle had a "sensitive and light clutch". The Crown also determined that no damage to the bicycle's rear wheel rim was evident. Witnesses said that Sheppard confronted Bryant and his wife "loudly and aggressively" while they "remained passive". The car's next movement resulted in Sheppard ending up on the hood of the car. The car travelled 30 feet, lasted 2.5 second, the car's speed was between 9 and 13.4 km/h and brakes were applied after 1 second. According to Bryant he was looking down trying to restart the vehicle and applied the brakes when he saw Sheppard on the hood. The crown determined that there was no evidence Sheppard was seriously injured at this point and there was not enough evidence to justify a separate charge based upon Bryant's driving to this point.[27] The fatality occurred when Bryant drove away and Sheppard grabbed hold of the side of the vehicle.[23][28][29] The car veered into the opposite lanes, Sheppard's body struck a fire hydrant knocking him off the car and his head hit the pavement.[25] There were also witness reports that Sheppard reached into Bryant's convertible and grabbed Bryant or the steering wheel.[22][30] Bryant parked his car around the corner and called 9-1-1, 3 minutes later.[31] Sheppard later died of his injuries in hospital.[32][33][34] AftermathSheppard's girlfriend reported to the media that before the incident, Sheppard had been intoxicated to such an extent that she did not want him to cycle home from her apartment.[22] Police had been called to her apartment that evening to investigate "unknown trouble" and had briefly questioned Sheppard. At the time of death, Sheppard's blood alcohol level was 0.183.[27] Bryant was released the next day by the police on his own recognizance without a bail hearing, appearing in a suit and tie to read a prepared statement to the media, where he maintained that he was innocent of the charges and extended condolences to Sheppard's family. A veteran defence lawyer suggested that "anyone else would have been taken to bail court and forced to stand in the box, unshaven and dishevelled".{{clarify|reason=What is the context of htis quote? Is it a criticism?|date=April 2018}}[35] The terms of Bryant's release required him to abstain from driving, surrender his passport and remain in Ontario.[48] He was defended by Marie Henein.[36] Bryant also resigned as CEO of Invest Toronto, saying that the arrest would act as a distraction for the corporation.[37] During this time, social media was used to argue both sides. Bryant hired the services of a public relations firm, Navigator Ltd., while a campaign emerged on blogs and social networks such as Twitter and YouTube with surveillance video clips that allege to cast the victim in a more favourable light.[38] A Twitter account run by Navigator, @bryantfacts, was countered by another Twitter account, @bryanttruths, set up by public relations professional Don Wiedman. On YouTube, an anonymous user posted videos of the surveillance footage broadcast by CTV News, CityTV News, and CBC News.[39] The Ministry of the Attorney General appointed British Columbia's Richard Peck as the prosecutor to avoid a conflict-of-interest, as Bryant had appointed judges when he served as Attorney General.[40] His first court date was scheduled for October 19, 2009.[41] The matter was adjourned six times.[42][43][44][45][46] On May 25, 2010, prosecutor Richard Peck withdrew all charges against Bryant stemming from the incident, noting there was "no reasonable prospect of conviction".[47] Peck said that "[Bryant] was attacked by a man who unfortunately was in a rage. [Bryant] was legally justified in his attempt to get away", and noted that Sheppard had run-ins with six other motorists in the same month before his encounter with Bryant,[48] and was witnessed throwing traffic cones in front of cars at the corner of Bloor and Yonge less than twenty minutes before the incident and Sheppard's subsequent death.[27] The decision to withdraw charges was criticized by Marli Epp, a spokesperson for the Toronto Bike Messenger Association and Yvonne Bambrick, Executive Director of the Toronto Cyclists Union.[49] In August 2012, Bryant published a book, 28 Seconds, his memoir of Sheppard's death and of Bryant's own battle with alcoholism.[50] Later lifeIn December 2009, Bryant returned to the private practice of law and joined Norton Rose LLP (formerly Ogilvy Renault) as Senior Advisor[51] and was involved with commercial and investment matters relating to energy, natural resources and infrastructure/public-private partnerships.[52] In 2012 he moved to the Ishkonigan, a consulting and mediation firm owned by Phil Fontaine, where he accepted a position as a principal.[50][53] In 2015 he began to work for Legal Aid Ontario as a criminal defence duty counsel. In 2016, he was working in partnership with King Law Chambers as a criminal defence lawyer for the indigent and indigenous, and negotiating aboriginal land claims for First Nations.[54] In 2018 he was appointed executive director and general counsel for the Canadian Civil Liberties Association.[55] References1. ^{{cite news |first=Jennifer |last=Wells |url=https://www.thestar.com/News/Insight/article/675229 |title=Michael Bryant: Tenacity and a flair for publicity |newspaper=Toronto Star |date=2009-08-02 |accessdate=2009-09-01}} 2. ^{{citation|first=John|last=Allemang|url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/national/toronto/michael-bryant-i-will-keep-my-trap-shut/article1160588/|title=Michael Bryant: 'I will keep my trap shut'|newspaper=Globe and Mail|date=2009-05-29|accessdate=2010-05-25}} 3. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite book|title=Canadian Who's Who|publisher=University of Toronto Press Incorporated|page=184|isbn=0-8020-8907-0|year=2005}} 4. ^1 {{cite news|last=Mudhar|first=Raju|title=Michael Bryant to write book about accident|url=https://www.thestar.com/news/books/article/1071223--michael-bryant-to-write-book-about-accident|accessdate=19 December 2011|newspaper=The Toronto Star|date=17 October 2011}} 5. ^{{cite web |url=http://results.elections.on.ca/results/1999_results/valid_votes.jsp?e_code=37&rec=0&district=St.+Paul&flag=E&layout=G |title=Summary of Valid Ballots by Candidate |publisher=Elections Ontario |date=June 3, 1999 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140607000411/http://results.elections.on.ca/results/1999_results/valid_votes.jsp?e_code=37&rec=0&district=St.+Paul&flag=E&layout=G |archivedate=June 7, 2014 |df= }} 6. ^{{cite web |url=http://results.elections.on.ca/results/2003_results/valid_votes.jsp?e_code=38&rec=0&district=st.+paul&flag=E&layout=G |title=Summary of Valid Ballots by Candidate |publisher=Elections Ontario |date=October 2, 2003}} 7. ^{{cite news |title=Premier Dalton McGuinty and his 22-member cabinet were sworn in Thursday |publisher=Canadian Press NewsWire |date=October 23, 2003 |page=1}} 8. ^{{citation|first=Bob|last=Nichols|url=http://www.madd.ca/english/news/stories/n20070529.htm|title=McGuinty Government Continues To Keep Families Safe On Ontario's Roads|accessdate=2009-09-01}} 9. ^{{citation|first=Robert|last=Benzie|url=https://www.thestar.com/News/Ontario/article/227763|title=Province will `crush your car (and) the parts,' racers told|newspaper=Toronto Star|date=2008-07-21|accessdate=2009-09-01}} 10. ^{{cite web |first=Steve |last=Janke |url=http://westernstandard.blogs.com/shotgun/2007/08/michael-bryant-.html |title=Michael Bryant sets up a sock puppet to push for his handgun ban |accessdate=2009-09-01}} 11. ^{{cite web|url=http://elections.on.ca/NR/rdonlyres/AB409CCD-84F3-46FA-B3BD-39AB659EFC2D/0/SummaryofValidBallotsCastforEachCandidate.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091007160233/http://www.elections.on.ca/NR/rdonlyres/AB409CCD-84F3-46FA-B3BD-39AB659EFC2D/0/SummaryofValidBallotsCastforEachCandidate.pdf |dead-url=yes |archive-date=October 7, 2009 |format=PDF |title=Summary of Valid Ballots Cast for Each Candidate |publisher=Elections Ontario |date=October 10, 2007 |page=13 (xxii) }} 12. ^{{cite news |title=Premier goes for new blood; Expanded 28-member cabinet has eight ministers from Toronto, three from 905 area |last1=Ferguson |first1=Rob |last2=Benzie |first2=Robert |newspaper=Toronto Star |date=October 31, 2007 |page=A13}} 13. ^{{cite news |title=The new-look Ontario cabinet |newspaper=The Hamilton Spectator |date=September 19, 2008 |page=A9}} 14. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://wx.toronto.ca/inter/it/newsrel.nsf/0/4a09d71ce20f76a3852575c10069f762?OpenDocument&Highlight=0,*Bryant*|author=Invest Toronto|title=Michael Bryant appointed Invest Toronto CEO|date=2009-05-25|accessdate=2009-09-08}} 15. ^{{cite news |first=Robert |last=Benzie |url=https://www.thestar.com/news/ontario/article/639165 |title=Michael Bryant quitting McGuinty Liberals |newspaper=Toronto Star |date=July 23, 2009}} 16. ^{{cite news |first=Jennifer |last=Wells |title=Showman Michael Bryant rose rapidly |newspaper=Toronto Star |date=September 2, 2009 |url=https://www.thestar.com/Article/689770}} 17. ^{{cite news |first=Adam |last=Radwanski |title=An overachiever's supreme self-confidence shattered |newspaper=Globe and Mail |date=September 2, 2009 |page=A1}} 18. ^{{cite news |first=Lee |last=Greenberg |title=Bryant Profile: Brilliant, ambitious politician often at odds with premier |newspaper=Ottawa Citizen |date=September 1, 2009 |url=https://ottawacitizen.com/business/Bryant+Profile+Brilliant+ambitious+politician+often+odds+with+premier/1951160/story.html}} 19. ^{{cite news |url=https://www.thestar.com/news/ontario/article/697363 |title=Liberals win easily in St. Paul's byelection |newspaper=Toronto Star |date=September 17, 2009}} 20. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/dead-toronto-cyclist-identified-1.783830|work=CBC News|date=2009-09-01|accessdate=2014-05-26|title=Dead Toronto cyclist identified}} 21. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/national/victim-identified-in-bryant-case/article1272005/|title=Victim identified in Bryant case|last=Hammer|first=Kate|date=2009-09-01|accessdate=2009-09-01|newspaper=Globe and Mail}} 22. ^1 2 {{cite news|title=Cyclist may have grabbed Bryant, wheel: police|url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/story/2009/09/02/toronto-bryant-cyclist-sheppard523.html|accessdate=19 December 2011|newspaper=Canadian Broadcasting Corporation|date=2 September 2009}} 23. ^1 {{cite news|url=http://www.ctv.ca/servlet/ArticleNews/story/CTVNews/20090901/fatal_collision_090901?s_name=&no_ads=|title=Bryant Charged with Criminal Negligence After Crash|work=CTV News|accessdate=2009-10-08|date=2009-09-02}} 24. ^{{cite news|title=Charges against Bryant in fatal crash withdrawn|url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/story/2010/05/25/bryant-sheppard-charges943.html|accessdate=19 December 2011|newspaper=Canadian Broadcasting Corporation|date=25 May 2010}} 25. ^1 {{cite news|publisher=Toronto Life|date=September 16, 2010|last=McLaren|first=Leah|title=Michael Bryant's very bad year|url=https://torontolife.com/city/michael-bryants-very-bad-year-his-life-on-bail-how-he-got-off-and-his-surprise-comeback/|accessdate=February 25, 2018}} 26. ^{{YouTube|id=-NTmSPl4wrw|title=Bloor St. Wall & Benetton Security Cameras}} 27. ^1 2 {{cite web|title=Executive Summary of Michael Bryant Decision|url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/pdf/bryant-decision.pdf|publisher=Canadian Broadcasting Corporation|accessdate=19 December 2011}} 28. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.thestar.com/news/gta/article/689771|title=Michael Bryant's deadly duel|newspaper=Toronto Star|last=Kelly|first=Cathal|accessdate=2009-09-26|date=2009-09-02}} 29. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.nowtoronto.com/daily/story.cfm?content=171209|work=NOW Magazine|date=2009-09-09|accessdate=2009-09-10|title=Bryant Case Becomes More Blurry}} 30. ^{{cite news|url=https://vancouversun.com/business/Police+scan+footage+cyclist+grabbed+attorney+general+before+fatal+collision/1956775/story.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090919043904/http://www.vancouversun.com/business/Police%2Bscan%2Bfootage%2Bcyclist%2Bgrabbed%2Battorney%2Bgeneral%2Bbefore%2Bfatal%2Bcollision/1956775/story.html |dead-url=yes |archive-date=2009-09-19 |title=Police scan footage to see if cyclist grabbed ex-Ont. attorney general before fatal collision |work=Vancouver Sun |date=2009-09-03 |accessdate=2009-09-12 |df= }} 31. ^{{Cite news|url=https://nationalpost.com/posted-toronto/criminal-charges-against-former-ag-michael-bryant-withdrawn|title=Former Ontario AG Michael Bryant was 'terrified' during fatal encounter with cyclist|date=2010-05-25|work=National Post|access-date=2018-01-14|language=en-US}} 32. ^{{citation|author1=Henry Stancu |author2=Robyn Doolittle |author3=John Rieti |url=https://www.thestar.com/News/GTA/article/689220 |title=Ex-Ontario AG Bryant arrested|newspaper=Toronto Star|date=2009-09-01|accessdate=2009-09-01}} 33. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/national/toronto/michael-bryant-in-police-custody/article1271489/|newspaper=Globe and Mail|first=Josh|last=Wingrove|date=2009-09-01|accessdate=2009-09-01|title=Michael Bryant in police custody}} 34. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.thestar.com/news/gta/article/689771|newspaper=The Toronto Star|first=Cathal|last=Kelly|date=2009-09-02|accessdate=2009-09-02|title=Michael Bryant's deadly duel}} 35. ^Cathal Kelly. "Michael Bryant's deadly duel". Toronto Star. September 2, 2009. [https://www.thestar.com/News/GTA/article/689771] 36. ^{{cite news|url=https://nationalpost.com/news/story.html?id=1957296|title=Bryant quits post, declares innocence|newspaper=National Post|last=Hanes|first=Allison|accessdate=2009-09-26|date=2009-09-03}} 37. ^1 {{cite news|url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/national/toronto/bryant-resigns-as-head-of-invest-toronto/article1273417/|title=Bryant resigns as head of Invest Toronto |last=Fenlon|first=Brodie|date=2009-09-02|accessdate=2009-09-02|newspaper=Globe and Mail}} 38. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.canadianbusiness.com/lifestyle/opinion-how-advertising-became-a-conversation-business/|title=How advertising became a conversation business|magazine=Canadian Business|date=2009-10-12|last=Valiquette|first=Max|accessdate=2018-02-25}} 39. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.thestar.com/living/article/697394|title=Byant and bike courier a Class Issue|newspaper=Toronto Star|date=2009-09-18|last=Zerbisias|first=Antonia|accessdate=2009-10-11}} 40. ^{{cite news|title=Bryant case put over until mid-November|url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/windsor/story/2009/10/19/to-bryant-court.html|accessdate=19 December 2011|newspaper=Canadian Broadcasting Corporation|date=19 October 2009}} 41. ^{{cite news|title=Canadian Politician Charged in Death|newspaper=The New York Times|last=Austen|first=Ian|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2009/09/02/world/americas/02toronto.html|date=2009-09-01|accessdate=2009-01-01}} 42. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.torontosun.com/news/torontoandgta/2009/10/20/11458716-sun.html|title=Couriers in court for Bryant|newspaper=Toronto Sun|last=Clarkson|first=Brett|accessdate=2009-11-19|date=2009-10-20}} 43. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.winnipegfreepress.com/canada/breakingnews/Criminal-case-against-former-Ont_-AG-Michael-Bryant-put-off-until-Dec_-7.html |title=Criminal case against former Ont. AG Michael Bryant put off until Dec. 7 |newspaper=Winnipeg Free Press |accessdate=2009-11-19 |date=2009-11-16 }}{{dead link|date=June 2016|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}} 44. ^[https://www.thestar.com/news/ontario/article/735397 "Case against Michael Bryant put over until January"]. Toronto Star, December 7, 2009. 45. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.citytv.com/toronto/citynews/news/local/article/68567--michael-bryant-a-no-show-in-court|title=Michael Bryant A No-Show In Court|publisher=City TV|date=January 22, 2010|author=The Canadian Press|accessdate=Jan 22, 2010}} 46. ^"Bryant case adjourned to May 25". Toronto Sun, April 14, 2010. 47. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/charges-against-bryant-in-fatal-crash-withdrawn-1.898818|title=Charges against Bryant in fatal crash withdrawn |accessdate=2014-05-26|newspaper=CBC News | date=2010-05-25}} 48. ^"Charges against Bryant withdrawn in cyclist death". CTV News, May 25, 2010. 49. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.torontosun.com/news/torontoandgta/2010/05/25/14081501.html |title=Cycling advocates decry decision to drop Bryant's charges |newspaper=Toronto Sun |date=May 25, 2010 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100527054654/http://www.torontosun.com/news/torontoandgta/2010/05/25/14081501.html |archivedate=May 27, 2010}} 50. ^1 2 {{cite news|last=Wells|first=Jennifer|title=Michael Bryant's memoir 28 Seconds recounts tragic death of bicycle courier|url=https://www.thestar.com/news/insight/article/1243483--michael-bryant-s-memoir-28-seconds-recounts-tragic-death-of-bicycle-courier|accessdate=August 19, 2012|newspaper=Toronto Star|date=August 18, 2012}} 51. ^{{cite news |first=Robert |last=Benzie |title=Michael Bryant joins top law firm as adviser |publisher=Toronto Star |date=December 5, 2009 |url=https://www.thestar.com/news/ontario/article/734781}} 52. ^{{cite web|title=Michael J. Bryant - Senior Advisor|url=http://www.nortonrose.com/people/42677/Michael-Bryant|publisher=Norton Rose|accessdate=19 December 2011}} 53. ^{{cite news|title=Former Attorney-General Michael Bryant Has Joined Former National Chief Phil Fontaine's Consulting Firm, Ishkonigan Consulting & Mediation|url=http://www.nationtalk.ca/modules/news/article.php?storyid=65115|accessdate=August 19, 2012|newspaper=Press Release|date=July 31, 2012}} 54. ^{{cite news |title=Whatever happened to Michael Bryant? |url=http://lawandstyle.ca/law/cover-story-whatever-happened-to-michael-bryant-2/?platform=hootsuite |first=Daniel |last=Fish |date=December 5, 2016 |publisher=Precedent Magazine}} 55. ^{{cite news |url=http://www.cbc.ca/beta/news/canada/toronto/michael-bryant-do-over-1.4483421 |title=What happened to Michael Bryant? Former Ontario attorney general on his do-over |newspaper=CBC News |first=Amara |last=McLaughlin |date=January 12, 2018 |accessdate=January 17, 2018}} External links
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