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词条 Michael Chang
释义

  1. Early life

  2. Tennis career

     1989 French Open match vs Ivan Lendl 

  3. Business ventures

     Equipment and endorsements 

  4. Public image

  5. Charity work

  6. Personal life

  7. Awards and recognition

  8. Records

  9. Significant finals

     Grand Slam finals  Singles: 4 (1–3)  Year-End Championships finals  Singles: 1 (0–1)  Masters Series finals  Singles: 9 (7–2) 

  10. ATP career finals

     Singles: 58 (34 titles, 24 runner-ups) 

  11. Singles performance timeline

  12. Top 10 wins

  13. References

  14. Further reading

  15. External links

{{About|the US former tennis player|the Anglican Bishop of Fukien|Michael Chang (bishop)|the Glee character|Mike Chang}}{{Use mdy dates|date=October 2013}}{{Chinese name |Chang}}{{Infobox tennis biography
|image= Michael Chang.jpg
|caption=Chang in 1994
|name= Michael Chang
|country= {{USA}}
|residence= Orange County, California, USA
|birth_date= {{Birth date and age|mf=yes|1972|2|22}}
|birth_place= Hoboken, New Jersey, USA
|height= {{height|ft=5|in=9}}
|turnedpro= 1988 (amateur tour from 1987)
|retired= 2003
|plays= Right-handed (two-handed backhand)
|coach=José Higueras (1989)[1]
Carl Chang (1992–2003)[2]
|careerprizemoney= {{US$|19,145,632|link=yes}}
  •  21st all-time leader in earnings

|tennishofyear= 2008
|tennishofid= michael-chang
|website= mchang.com
|singlesrecord= {{tennis record|won=662|lost=312|details=in ATP and Grand Prix & Grand Slam level & Davis Cup|small=yes}}
|singlestitles= 34
|highestsinglesranking= No. 2 (September 9, 1996)
|AustralianOpenresult= F (1996)
|FrenchOpenresult= W (1989)
|Wimbledonresult= QF (1994)
|USOpenresult= F (1996)
|Othertournaments= yes
|Team = yes
|DavisCupresult = W (1990)
|MastersCupresult= F (1995)
|GrandSlamCupresult= F (1991, 1992)
|Olympicsresult=2R (1992)
|doublesrecord= {{tennis record|won=11|lost=33|details=in ATP and Grand Prix & Grand Slam level & Davis Cup|small=yes}}
|doublestitles= 0
|highestdoublesranking= No. 199 (April 19, 1993)
|updated= July 5, 2014
|CoachYears =
|CoachPlayers = {{unbulleted list
|Spouse: Amber Liu
Student: Kei Nishikori (2014–)
| CoachSinglesTitles =
| CoachDoublesTitles =
| CoachTournamentRecord =
| CoachingAwards =
| CoachingRecords =

}}{{Chinese|t=張德培|s=张德培|p= Zhāng Dépéi|mi={{IPAc-cmn|zh|ang|1|.|d|e|2|-|p|ei|2|}}|j=Zoeng1 Dak1 Pui4|ci={{IPAc-yue|z|oeng|1|.|d|ak|1|.|p|ui|4|}}}}

Michael Te-Pei Chang (born February 22, 1972) is a retired American professional tennis player. He won 34 top-level professional singles titles, including the 1989 French Open when he was 17. He also was a three-time runner-up at the majors and reached a career best ranking of world No. 2 in 1996. Since he was shorter than virtually all of his opponents, he played a dogged defensive style utilizing his quickness and speed. In 2008, he was inducted into the International Tennis Hall of Fame,[3] and he has coached Kei Nishikori since 2014.[4]

Early life

Michael Chang was born in Hoboken, New Jersey, in 1972 to Joe Chang (張洪笙) and Betty (董良因, née Tung). Betty and Joe moved from Taiwan to the US in 1959 and 1966 respectively, and met after being introduced by a mutual friend. Betty was born in Delhi, India, the daughter of Taiwan-Hakka ancestry, Michael Tung (董宗山), then serving as diplomat of The Republic of China to India, who then served in the Legislative Yuan and was an ambassador to Cambodia, Dominican Republic and Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, among other diplomatic posts in 1960s to 1980s. Joe was born in Chaozhou, China, and moved to Taiwan at age seven.{{citation needed|date=June 2016}} Michael's Chinese name ({{zh|t=張德培|s=张德培|p=Zhāng Dépéi}}) was chosen by Joe, and his English name by Betty (who named him after her father).{{citation needed|reason=Is this the Chinese transliteration of Chang's name, is Dépéi his middle name (as the article lead suggests), or is Michael just a nickname? Come on, citations guys.|date=May 2016}}

After moving from Hoboken, New Jersey, to St. Paul, Minnesota, where Michael learned tennis, the Changs moved first to Placentia, California, and then Encinitas, California, to increase the tennis opportunities for Michael and his older brother, Carl. Betty quit her job as a chemist to travel with Chang on the tour.[5] After rising to #163 in the world as a 15-year-old amateur, Chang dropped out of tenth grade at San Dieguito High School in Encinitas after passing his GED in February 1988 in order to pursue a professional tennis career.

Chang also attended the master's in ministry program at Biola University in La Mirada, California, for a year and a half. He serves on Biola's Board of Trustees.[6]

Tennis career

Chang first came to the tennis world's attention as an outstanding junior player who set numerous "youngest-ever" records. He won his first national title, the USTA Junior Hard Court singles, at the age of 12. Aged 13, he won the Fiesta Bowl 16s. Two years later, aged 15, Chang won the USTA Boys 18s Hardcourts and the Boys 18s Nationals, and became the youngest player to win a main draw match at the US Open when he defeated Paul McNamee in four sets in the first round. A month later he reached the semifinals at Scottsdale, Arizona to become the youngest player to reach the semifinal stage of a top-level professional tournament. He won his first top-level singles title in 1988 at San Francisco, aged 16 years and 7 months.

Chang's most significant youngest-ever record came in 1989 when he won the French Open at the age of {{Age in years and days|1972|02|22|1989|06|12}}, to become the youngest male player ever to win a Grand Slam title. He defeated Stefan Edberg in a five-set final, 6–1, 3–6, 4–6, 6–4, 6–2. His victory is equally remembered for an epic five-set encounter with Ivan Lendl in the fourth round (see below). Chang became the first American man to win the French Open since 1955, and the first American man to win a Grand Slam since 1984. And in August 1989, Chang became the youngest player to be ranked in the world's top 5.

Chang met Edberg in the semifinals of the US Open in 1992, this time Edberg winning in a five-set encounter, 6–7, 7–5, 7–6, 5–7, 6–4. The 5-hour, 26-minute match is the longest in US Open history. Chang reached three further Grand Slam finals after his 1989 French Open triumph, losing the 1995 French Open final to Thomas Muster, the 1996 Australian Open final to Boris Becker, and the 1996 US Open final to Pete Sampras. In the 1995 French Open, he defeated Michael Stich and then two-time defending champion Sergi Bruguera in the semifinals in straight sets, eventually losing to Muster. In both the 1996 Australian and U.S. Opens, he defeated Andre Agassi in the semifinals in straight sets; a win over Sampras at the U.S. Open would have made Chang the no. 1 player in the world. In the 1997 U.S. Open, he was the odds-on favorite to win after Sampras was upset by Petr Korda; however, Chang lost to eventual champion Patrick Rafter in the semifinals in straight sets.

Chang was a key member of the US team which won the Davis Cup in 1990. In the semifinals at Austria, his dramatic comeback from two-sets down against Horst Skoff, 3–6, 6–7, 6–4, 6–4, 6–3, led the US into its first Davis Cup final since 1984.[7] Chang went on to defeat Darren Cahill in straight sets, as the US defeated Australia in the final. He was also on the US team which won the World Team Cup in 1993. His best performance in the year-end singles championship came in 1995, when he defeated Muster, Jim Courier, and then dominated Pete Sampras in the semifinals, before losing in the final to Boris Becker.

Chang represented the US in the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona, reaching the second round before being eliminated by Jaime Oncins. He chose to skip the 1996 Summer Olympics despite the fact that the event was held in Atlanta and that he would have been the tournament's number-one seed (the singles' gold medal was won by Andre Agassi). Chang participated in the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney, where he was eliminated in the first round by Sébastien Lareau.

Chang was introduced to tennis by his father Joe, who was his first coach. During his rise in 1989 (including his French Open title), he was coached by José Higueras. For much of his professional career, he was coached by his older brother Carl Chang, who also played in several doubles tournaments with him in the early-1990s. He was the first player to be beaten by Roger Federer in the main draw of a Grand Slam tournament, at the 2000 Australian Open.[8] He was also the second player to be beaten by Andy Roddick in the main draw of a Grand Slam tournament, in the second round of the French Open in 2001.[9]

Chang retired from the professional tour in 2003. During his career, he won a total of 34 top-level professional singles titles. His final top-level title was won in 2000 at Los Angeles. His total career prize-money earnings was US$19,145,632. His career-high singles ranking was world no. 2 in 1996, following his US Open finals performance. He was a year-end top-ten player for six consecutive years in the 1990s (1992–1997), a feat matched in the decade only by Pete Sampras. He is one of a few players to win ATP titles in three different decades. His three Indian Wells Masters titles was an ATP record which stood for 15 years, before being eclipsed by Roger Federer in 2012.

Since retiring from the top-level game, Chang has joined Jim Courier's senior tour, which began on March 10, 2006, in Naples, Florida.

Chang became Kei Nishikori's coach in 2014.

1989 French Open match vs Ivan Lendl

Chang's most famous match took place at the 1989 French Open, on the way to winning his only Grand Slam singles title. Chang defeated Eduardo Masso, Pete Sampras and Francisco Roig, dropping only one set, in reaching the fourth round. There, Chang faced World No. 1, reigning Australian Open champion, and three-time former French Open champion Ivan Lendl. Conventional wisdom made Lendl the heavy favorite to win the match against the 15th-seeded 17-year-old Chang.

In 1988, Chang had been easily beaten by Lendl in an exhibition match held in Des Moines, Iowa. After the match, Lendl advised Chang, "First off, you’ve got no serve. And you’ve certainly got no second serve. You can’t hurt me. You can run but you better develop a weapon to survive out here", all weaknesses that Chang worked to improve on.[10]

Lendl appeared to be on the way to victory after taking the first two sets 6–4, 6–4, and then breaking Chang's serve in his opening service game of the third set. However, Chang broke back immediately and went on to claim the third set, 6–3. During the fourth set, Chang experienced a severe attack of leg cramps, and though he won the set to level the match, he considered retiring from the match while up 2–1 in the fifth set. He later said that he felt "an unbelievable conviction in my heart" not to give up, and decided to finish the match.[11][12]

Chang paced the sidelines during changeovers as he risked not being able to get up if he sat down, and ate bananas and drank water at every opportunity. He also adopted some unusual tactics in an attempt to overcome his cramps such as hitting the ball high into the air on many points to slow the game down (known as "moon balls"), and began to go for more winners in order to shorten the points.[13] The success of these tactics caused Lendl, known to be one of the least easily fazed players, to lose his rhythm and also prompted him to swear at the umpire and the crowd, especially after losing a key point in the fifth set when Chang shocked him by delivering an under-arm serve.[14]

Chang continued to suffer from cramps, but managed to take a 5–3 lead in the fifth set with two match points on Lendl's serve. Aiming to break Lendl's concentration one more time, Chang stood almost at the T-line in the centre of the court while waiting to receive Lendl's serve. The crowd started laughing at the bizarre situation and Lendl seemed to think everyone was mocking him. The tactic worked, as Lendl produced a double-fault to give Chang the victory, 4–6, 4–6, 6–3, 6–3, 6–3, in 4 hours and 37 minutes. Chang sank to his knees and broke down in tears at the conclusion of the match.

Lendl afterwards remarked on his loss to Chang, "Lots of times a lesser player could beat me and not back it up. You’d have to say he was a lesser player then, but Michael backed it up."[15]

Seven days later, after beating Stefan Edberg in five sets, Chang went on to lift the Coupe des Mousquetaires, becoming the youngest men's champion in Grand Slam history.[16][16] The match was played on June 5, 1989 just one day after the height of the Tiananmen Square Massacre. Chang has frequently noted the impact of the massacre when recalling his French Open victory:

"A lot of people forget that Tiananmen Square was going on. The crackdown that happened was on the middle Sunday at the French Open, so if I was not practicing or playing a match, I was glued to the television, watching the events unfold...I often tell people I think it was God's purpose for me to be able to win the French Open the way it was won because I was able to put a smile on Chinese people's faces around the world at a time when there wasn't much to smile about."[17]

Chang would defeat Lendl again in near-duplicate fashion, 2–6, 4–6, 6–4, 7–6 (7-5), 9–7 in a 4-hour, 42-minute semifinal at the Grand Slam Cup 2½ years later on December 14, 1991.[18]

Business ventures

Chang and his family established CMCB Enterprises, which has real estate holdings including shopping malls, in California, Texas, Arizona and Colorado. In 2003, they bought Dunton Realty Co., a retail brokerage and property management company,[19] and changed its name to Dunton Commercial Real Estate Co.[20] In 2004, they bought SullivanHayes Cos., a retail real estate company in Denver.[21] It was chosen by Denver International Airport to develop a new 17-acre retail project along Peña Boulevard, the airport's main artery.[22]

Equipment and endorsements

Chang signed a multimillion-dollar endorsement deal with Reebok in 1988;[23] he wore Reebok apparel and Reebok Court Victory Pumps shoes[24] during his tennis career[25] and used Prince rackets on court.[26] He started using the Prince "Precision Michael Chang Graphite" 28-inch signature racket in 1994, which was an inch longer than the standard model.[27]

Chang signed endorsement deals with Nissin Foods noodles in 1989,[28] Panasonic[29] and Longines in the 1990s,[30] Cathay Pacific Airlines in 1990,[31] Bristol-Myers Squibb promoting Nuprin in 1991,[32] Stelux watches in 1993,[33] Discover Card in 1996,[34] Tiger Balm,[35] Procter & Gamble (endorsing P&G's Rejoice Shampoo),[36] Eveready Battery Company (endorsing Eveready Alkaline batteries),[36] and Yale locks.[23] In 1997, he signed a multi-year contract to endorse Watch Reebok, a collection of sports watches. A limited edition Michael Chang signature watch was released at Christmas.[37]

Public image

Chang's success marked the start of an era in which a new generation of American players—which also included Pete Sampras, Jim Courier, and Andre Agassi—would come to dominate the game.[38]

Charity work

Chang served as Chairman of ATP Tour Charities in 1994. He has supported grassroots tennis development in Asia through his Stars of the Future program in Hong Kong and the Reebok Challenge across Asia. He was one of five athletes named in the second annual "Most Caring Athlete" list by USA Today Weekend in 1995. In 1997, he was given one of seven Asian-American leadership awards by A Magazine for his status as a role model for Asian-American youth. He has also served as a national spokesman for the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation in the US.

In 2001, Chang served as a goodwill ambassador for the 2008 Beijing Olympic bid committee.

In 2002, he published a book about his career, Holding Serve: Persevering On and Off the Court.

Personal life

A devout Christian, Chang first spotlighted his faith upon winning the 1989 French Open, declaring "I thank the Lord Jesus Christ, because without Him, I am nothing."[39] In 1999 Chang and his family established the Chang Family Foundation, dedicated to integrating tennis, family, and Christian faith. The Foundation is now based in Rancho Santa Margarita, California.[40]

Chang lives in Orange County, California. He is an avid fisherman who often takes fishing trips while traveling. He also has a passion for breeding African cichlids in several large freshwater aquariums at his home.

On October 18, 2008, Chang married Amber Liu, also a professional tennis player.[41][42] They have two daughters, Lani (born December 9, 2010)[43] and Maile (born February 2013).[44]

Awards and recognition

  • Chang won the ATP Newcomer of the Year award in 1988.
  • Chang was awarded ATP Most Improved Player in 1989.
  • On May 3, 2009, Chang was honored by the Los Angeles Chinese Historical Society of Southern California in "Celebrating Taiwanese Americans in Sports".[45]

Records

  • These records were attained in the Open Era of tennis.
  • Records in bold indicate peer-less achievements.
ChampionshipYearsRecord accomplishedPlayer tied
French Open 1989 Youngest Grand Slam men's singles champion Stands alone
French Open 1989 Only Asian-rooted male to win Grand Slam men's singles champion Stands alone
Hong Kong Open 1994–1995, 1997 3 singles titles Stands alone

Significant finals

Grand Slam finals

Singles: 4 (1–3)

OutcomeYearChampionshipSurfaceOpponentScore
Winner1989French Open Clay Sweden}} Stefan Edberg6–1, 3–6, 4–6, 6–4, 6–2
Runner-up1995French Open Clay Austria}} Thomas Muster5–7, 2–6, 4–6
Runner-up1996 Australian Open Hard Germany}} Boris Becker2–6, 4–6, 6–2, 2–6
Runner-up1996 US Open Hard USA}} Pete Sampras1–6, 4–6, 6–7(3–7)

Year-End Championships finals

Singles: 1 (0–1)

OutcomeYearChampionshipSurfaceOpponentScore
Runner-up1995FrankfurtCarpetGER}} Boris Becker6–7(3–7), 0–6, 6–7(5–7)

Masters Series finals

Singles: 9 (7–2)

OutcomeYearChampionshipSurfaceOpponentScore
Winner1990Canada (Toronto)HardUSA}} Jay Berger4–6, 6–3, 7–6(7–2)
Winner1992Indian WellsHardRUS|1991}} Andrei Chesnokov6–3, 6–4, 7–5
Winner1992MiamiHardARG}} Alberto Mancini7–5, 7–5
Winner1993CincinnatiHardSWE}} Stefan Edberg7–5, 0–6, 6–4
Winner1994CincinnatiHardSWE}} Stefan Edberg6–2, 7–5
Runner-up1995CincinnatiHardUSA}} Andre Agassi5–7, 2–6
Winner1996Indian WellsHardNED}} Paul Haarhuis7–5, 6–1, 6–1
Runner-up1996CincinnatiHardUSA}} Andre Agassi6–7(4–7), 4–6
Winner1997Indian WellsHardCZE}} Bohdan Ulihrach4–6, 6–3, 6–4, 6–3

ATP career finals

Singles: 58 (34 titles, 24 runner-ups)

Legend
Grand Slam (1–3)
Year-End Championships (0–1)
ATP Masters Series (7–2)
ATP Championship Series (5–4)
ATP World Series / Grand Prix (21–12)
Titles by surface
Hard (21–15)
Clay (4–2)
Grass (0–0)
Carpet (9–7)
Titles by Location
Outdoors (22–14)
Indoors (12–10)
OutcomeNo.DateTournamentSurfaceOpponentScore
Winner1.September 26, 1988San Francisco, USCarpet (i)USA}} Johan Kriek6–2, 6–3
Winner2.May 29, 1989French Open, ParisClaySWE}} Stefan Edberg6–1, 3–6, 4–6, 6–4, 6–2
Runner-up1.September 18, 1989Los Angeles, USHardUSA}} Aaron Krickstein6–2, 4–6, 2–6
Winner3.November 7, 1989Wembley, UKCarpet (i)FRA}} Guy Forget6–2, 6–1, 6–1
Winner4.July 23, 1990Toronto, CanadaHardUSA}} Jay Berger4–6, 6–3, 7–6(7–2)
Runner-up2.July 30, 1990Los Angeles, USHardSWE}} Stefan Edberg6–7(4–7), 6–2, 6–7(3–7)
Runner-up3.November 5, 1990Wembley, UKCarpet (i)SUI}} Jakob Hlasek6–7(7–9), 3–6
Winner5.November 4, 1991Birmingham, UKCarpet (i)FRA}} Guillaume Raoux6–3, 6–2
Runner-up4.December 10, 1991Grand Slam Cup, MunichCarpet (i)USA}} David Wheaton5–7, 2–6, 4–6
Winner6.February 3, 1992San Francisco, USHard (i)USA}} Jim Courier6–3, 6–3
Winner7.March 2, 1992Indian Wells, USHardRUS|1991}} Andrei Chesnokov6–3, 6–4, 7–5
Winner8.March 13, 1992Miami, USHardARG}} Alberto Mancini7–5, 7–5
Runner-up5.April 13, 1992Hong Kong, UKHardUSA}} Jim Courier5–7, 3–6
Runner-up6.December 8, 1992Grand Slam Cup, Munich, GermanyCarpet (i)GER}} Michael Stich2–6, 3–6, 2–6
Winner9.January 11, 1993Jakarta, IndonesiaHardGER}} Carl-Uwe Steeb2–6, 6–2, 6–1
Winner10.March 29, 1993Osaka, JapanHardISR}} Amos Mansdorf6–4, 6–4
Runner-up7.August 2, 1993Los Angeles, USHardNED}} Richard Krajicek6–0, 6–7(3–7), 6–7(5–7)
Winner11.August 9, 1993Cincinnati, USHardSWE}} Stefan Edberg7–5, 0–6, 6–4
Runner-up8.August 23, 1993Long Island, USHardSUI}} Marc Rosset4–6, 6–3, 1–6
Winner12.September 27, 1993Kuala Lumpur, MalaysiaHard (i)SWE}} Jonas Svensson6–0, 6–4
Winner13.October 18, 1993Beijing, ChinaCarpet (i)CAN}} Greg Rusedski7–6(7–5), 6–7(6–8), 6–4
Winner14.January 10, 1994Jakarta, IndonesiaHardCZE}} David Rikl6–3, 6–3
Runner-up9.January 31, 1994San Jose, USHard (i)ITA}} Renzo Furlan6–3, 3–6, 5–7
Winner15.February 14, 1994Philadelphia, USCarpet (i)NED}} Paul Haarhuis6–3, 6–2
Runner-up10.April 4, 1994Tokyo, JapanHardUSA}} Pete Sampras4–6, 2–6
Winner16.April 11, 1994Hong Kong, UKHardAUS}} Patrick Rafter6–1, 6–3
Winner17.April 25, 1994Atlanta, USClayUSA}} Todd Martin6–7(4–7), 7–6(7–4), 6–0
Winner18.August 8, 1994Cincinnati, USHardSWE}} Stefan Edberg6–2, 7–5
Runner-up11.October 10, 1994Tokyo, JapanCarpet (i)CRO}} Goran Ivanišević4–6, 4–6
Winner19.October 17, 1994Beijing, ChinaCarpet (i)SWE}} Anders Järryd7–5, 7–5
Runner-up12.February 6, 1995San Jose, USHard (i)USA}} Andre Agassi2–6, 6–1, 3–6
Runner-up13.February 20, 1995Philadelphia, USCarpet (i)SWE}} Thomas Enqvist6–0, 4–6, 0–6
Winner20.April 17, 1995Hong Kong, UKHardSWE}} Jonas Björkman6–3, 6–1
Winner21.May 1, 1995Atlanta, USClayUSA}} Andre Agassi6–2, 6–7(6–8), 6–4
Runner-up14.May 29, 1995French Open, Paris, FranceClayAUT}} Thomas Muster5–7, 2–6, 4–6
Runner-up15.August 7, 1995Cincinnati, USHardUSA}} Andre Agassi5–7, 2–6
Winner22.October 9, 1995Tokyo, JapanCarpet (i)AUS}} Mark Philippoussis6–3, 6–4
Winner23.October 16, 1995Beijing, ChinaCarpet (i)ITA}} Renzo Furlan7–5, 6–3
Runner-up16.November 14, 1995Tennis Masters Cup, HannoverCarpet (i)GER}} Boris Becker6–7(3–7), 0–6, 6–7(5–7)
Runner-up17.January 15, 1996Australian Open, Melbourne, AustraliaHardGER}} Boris Becker2–6, 4–6, 6–2, 2–6
Winner24.March 11, 1996Indian Wells, USHardNED}} Paul Haarhuis7–5, 6–1, 6–1
Runner-up18.April 8, 1996Hong Kong, UKHardUSA}} Pete Sampras4–6, 6–3, 4–6
Winner25.July 15, 1996Washington, D.C., USHardRSA}} Wayne Ferreira6–2, 6–4
Winner26.July 29, 1996Los Angeles, USHardNED}} Richard Krajicek6–4, 6–3
Runner-up19.August 5, 1996Cincinnati, USHardUSA}} Andre Agassi6–7(4–7), 4–6
Runner-up20.August 26, 1996US Open, New York CityHardUSA}} Pete Sampras1–6, 4–6, 6–7(3–7)
Runner-up21.September 30, 1996SingaporeCarpet (i)USA}} Jonathan Stark4–6, 4–6
Winner27.February 17, 1997Memphis, USHard (i)AUS}} Todd Woodbridge6–3, 6–4
Winner28.March 10, 1997Indian Wells, USHardCZE}} Bohdan Ulihrach4–6, 6–3, 6–4, 6–3
Winner29.April 7, 1997Hong Kong, UKHardAUS}} Patrick Rafter6–3, 6–3
Winner30.April 21, 1997Orlando, USClayRSA}} Grant Stafford4–6, 6–2, 6–1
Winner31.July 14, 1997Washington, D.C., USHardCZE}} Petr Korda5–7, 6–2, 6–1
Runner-up22.February 16, 1998Memphis, USHard (i)AUS}} Mark Philippoussis3–6, 2–6
Runner-up23.April 20, 1998Orlando, USClayUSA}} Jim Courier5–7, 6–3, 5–7
Winner32.August 24, 1998Boston, USHardNED}} Paul Haarhuis6–3, 6–4
Winner33.October 5, 1998Shanghai, ChinaCarpet (i)CRO}} Goran Ivanišević4–6, 6–1, 6–2
Runner-up24.January 10, 2000Auckland, New ZealandHardSWE}} Magnus Norman6–3, 3–6, 5–7
Winner34.July 24, 2000Los Angeles, USHardUSA}} Jan-Michael Gambill6–7(2–7), 6–3, ret.

Singles performance timeline

Tournament19871988198919901991199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003W–LSR
Grand Slam tournaments
Australian OpenAAAAA3R2RASFFSF2R2R1R1R1RA21–100 / 10
French OpenA3RWQFQF3R2R3RF3R4R3R1R3R2R1R1R38–151 / 16
WimbledonA2R4R4R1R1R3RQF2R1R1R2RA2R2R2RA18–140 / 14
US Open2R4R4R3R4RSFQF4RQFFSF2R2R2R1R2R1R43–170 / 17
Win–Loss1–16–313–29–37–39–48–49–316–414–413–45–42–34–42–42–40–2120–561 / 57
Olympic Games
Summer OlympicsNHANot Held2RNot HeldANot Held1RNot Held1–20 / 2
Year-End Championship
Tennis Masters CupDNQRRDNQRRRRRRFRRRRDid Not Qualify7–160 / 7
Grand Slam CupDNQSFFFQFQF1RDid Not QualifyNot Held10–60 / 5
ATP Masters Series
Indian Wells MastersA1RQFAQFWSF3R3RWWA1R2R1R1R1R28–113 / 14
Miami MastersAAAA3RW1R3R2RQF2RA1R2R2R1R2R18–111 / 12
Monte Carlo MastersAAAAAAAAA1RAAA1R1RAA0–30 / 3
Rome MastersAAA1RAQFSF2RQFA1RQF2R2R2RAA17–100 / 10
Hamburg MastersAAA1RA2R1RAAAA2R1R1R2RAA3–70 / 7
Canada MastersAAAW1RA3R3RQFASFA3R2R1RAA15–81 / 9
Cincinnati MastersAQFQFQF3RSFWWFFSF2RQF1R2R3R1R41–142 / 16
Stockholm Masters (Essen)(Stuttgart)AAA3RAAA2R2RSF2R1R2RQFAAA9–80 / 8
Paris MastersAAQF1RSF2R3RSFQF3R2R1RSF3RAAA18–120 / 12
Runners-up0012122355020100024
Titles0121135643520100034
Overall win-loss4–423–1347–1736–2147–2057–2366–2166–2165–1965–1957–2135–1730–2242–2616–217–162–10662–312
Year end ranking163305151568652329503294124383

Top 10 wins

Season19871988198919901991199219931994199519961997199819992000200120022003Total
Wins0032465867512101051
#PlayerRankEventSurfaceRdScoreChang
rank
1989
1.SWE}} Stefan Edberg5Indian Wells, United StatesHard3R6–3, 6–225
2.TCH}} Ivan Lendl1French Open, Paris, FranceClay4R4–6, 4–6, 6–3, 6–3, 6–319
3.SWE}} Stefan Edberg3French Open, Paris, FranceClayF6–1, 3–6, 4–6, 6–4, 6–219
1990
4.USA}} Andre Agassi4Toronto, CanadaHardQF4–6, 7–5, 7–524
5.SWE}} Stefan Edberg1Grand Slam Cup, Munich, GermanyCarpet (i)1R6–4, 4–6, 7–515
1991
6.FRA}} Guy Forget7French Open, Paris, FranceClay4R6–1, 6–1, 4–6, 6–310
7.SWE}} Stefan Edberg1Paris, FranceCarpet (i)3R2–6, 6–1, 6–421
8.USA}} Jim Courier2Grand Slam Cup, Munich, GermanyCarpet (i)1R6–4, 6–215
9.TCH}} Ivan Lendl5Grand Slam Cup, Munich, GermanyCarpet (i)SF2–6, 4–6, 6–4, 7–6(7–5), 9–715
1992
10.USA}} Jim Courier2San Francisco, United StatesHard (i)F6–3, 6–316
11.USA}} Pete Sampras4Miami, United StatesHardQF6–4, 7–6(7–4)9
12.USA}} Jim Courier1Miami, United StatesHardSF6–2, 6–49
13.USA}} Andre Agassi9Grand Slam Cup, Munich, GermanyCarpet (i)1R6–4, 6–26
14.TCH}} Petr Korda7Grand Slam Cup, Munich, GermanyCarpet (i)QF6–3, 6–46
15.CRO}} Goran Ivanišević4Grand Slam Cup, Munich, GermanyCarpet (i)SF6–7(3–7), 6–2, 6–4, 3–6, 6–36
1993
16.CZE}} Petr Korda6Indian Wells, United StatesHardQF6–1, 6–35
17.SWE}} Stefan Edberg3Cincinnati, United StatesHardF7–5, 0–6, 6–49
18.ESP}} Sergi Bruguera5Long Island, United StatesHardQF3–6, 6–1, 6–27
19.SWE}} Stefan Edberg3Long Island, United StatesHardSF6–1, 6–27
20.USA}} Jim Courier2ATP Tour World Championships, Frankfurt, GermanyCarpet (i)RR6–4, 6–07
1994
21.USA}} Jim Courier3Philadelphia, United StatesCarpet (i)SF7–6(8–6), 6–29
22.USA}} Todd Martin9Atlanta, United StatesClayF6–7(4–7), 7–6(7–4), 6–07
23.ESP}} Sergi Bruguera4Wimbledon, London, United KingdomGrass4R6–4, 7–6(9–7), 6–08
24.SWE}} Stefan Edberg4Cincinnati, United StatesHardF6–2, 7–57
25.USA}} Todd Martin7Tokyo, JapanCarpet (i)QF6–3, 7–6(8–6)9
26.CRO}} Goran Ivanišević2Paris, FranceCarpet (i)QF3–6, 6–4, 7–6(7–4)9
27.ESP}} Alberto Berasategui7ATP Tour World Championships, Frankfurt, GermanyCarpet (i)RR6–1, 6–06
28.ESP}} Alberto Berasategui8Grand Slam Cup, Munich, GermanyCarpet (i)1R6–1, 7–56
1995
29.USA}} Andre Agassi1Atlanta, United StatesClayF6–2, 6–7(6–8), 6–46
30.ESP}} Sergi Bruguera7French Open, Paris, FranceClaySF6–4, 7–6(7–5), 7–6(7–0)6
31.GER}} Michael Stich8Cincinnati, United StatesHardSF4–6, 6–2, 7–6(7–5)5
32.AUT}} Thomas Muster3ATP Tour World Championships, Frankfurt, GermanyCarpet (i)RR4–6, 6–2, 6–34
33.USA}} Jim Courier7ATP Tour World Championships, Frankfurt, GermanyCarpet (i)RR6–2, 7–54
34.USA}} Pete Sampras1ATP Tour World Championships, Frankfurt, GermanyCarpet (i)SF6–4, 6–44
1996
35.USA}} Andre Agassi2Australian Open, Melbourne, AustraliaHardSF6–1, 6–4, 7–6(7–1)5
36.USA}} Andre Agassi3Indian Wells, United StatesHardQF6–7(3–7), 6–2, 6–15
37.NED}} Richard Krajicek8Los Angeles, United StatesHardF6–4, 6–33
38.CRO}} Goran Ivanišević6Cincinnati, United StatesHardQF6–3, 7–53
39.USA}} Andre Agassi9US Open, New York, United StatesHardSF6–3, 6–2, 6–23
40.CHI}} Marcelo Ríos10Stuttgart, GermanyCarpet (i)QF6–4, 6–32
41.CRO}} Goran Ivanišević4ATP Tour World Championships, Hanover, GermanyCarpet (i)RR6–7(8–10), 7–6(7–5), 6–12
1997
42.AUT}} Thomas Muster2Indian Wells, United StatesHardSF6–1, 7–6(7–1)3
43.BRA}} Gustavo Kuerten10Cincinnati, United StatesHardQF6–1, 6–22
44.CHI}} Marcelo Ríos10US Open, New York, United StatesHardQF7–5, 6–2, 4–6, 4–6, 6–32
45.AUS}} Pat Rafter3Davis Cup, Washington, D.C., United StatesHardRR6–4, 1–6, 6–3, 6–42
46.ESP}} Sergi Bruguera8ATP Tour World Championships, Hanover, GermanyHardRR7–6(10–8), 6–22
1998
47.USA}} Pete Sampras1Rome, ItalyClay3R6–2, 7–6(8–6)14
1999
48.ESP}} Àlex Corretja8Cincinnati, United StatesHard2R6–3, 6–7(5–7), 6–258
49.CHI}} Marcelo Ríos8Paris, FranceCarpet (i)2R7–5, 6–272
2000
50.ESP}} Àlex Corretja9Stuttgart, GermanyHard (i)2R1–6, 7–5, 6–024
2002
51.GER}} Tommy Haas3Cincinnati, United StatesHard1R6–3, 6–2111

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Further reading

External links

{{commons category}}{{S-start}}{{s-ach}}{{succession box |
| before = {{flagicon|USA}} Andre Agassi
| after = {{flagicon|USA}} Pete Sampras
| title = ATP Most Improved Player
| years = 1989
|}}{{S-end}}{{French Open men's singles champions}}{{ATP Masters Series tournament winners}}{{Authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Chang, Michael}}

25 : 1972 births|American male tennis players|American people of Taiwanese descent|American sportspeople of Taiwanese descent|Taiwanese-American tennis players|French Open champions|International Tennis Hall of Fame inductees|Living people|Olympic tennis players of the United States|Sportspeople from Hoboken, New Jersey|People from Encinitas, California|American people of Teochew descent|Sportspeople from Orange County, California|Tennis people from California|Tennis people from New Jersey|Tennis players at the 1992 Summer Olympics|Tennis players at the 2000 Summer Olympics|Grand Slam (tennis) champions in men's singles|Sportspeople from the New York metropolitan area|Sportspeople of Chinese descent|American investors|American memoirists|American writers of Chinese descent|American real estate businesspeople|Sportspeople from Saint Paul, Minnesota

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