“St Albans (New Zealand electorate)”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

St Albans was a parliamentary electorate in Christchurch, New Zealand from 1881 to 1890, then from 1946 to 1996.

Population centres

The previous electoral redistribution was undertaken in 1875 for the 1875–76 election. In the six years since, New Zealand's European population had increased by 65%. In the 1881 electoral redistribution, the House of Representatives increased the number of European representatives to 91 (up from 84 since the 1875–76 election). The number of Māori electorates was held at four. The House further decided that electorates should not have more than one representative, which led to 35 new electorates being formed, including St Albans, and two electorates that had previously been abolished to be recreated. This necessitated a major disruption to existing boundaries.{{sfn|McRobie |1989 |pp=43–48}}

The 1941 New Zealand census had been postponed due to World War II, so the 1946 electoral redistribution had to take ten years of population growth and movements into account. The North Island gained a further two electorates from the South Island due to faster population growth. The abolition of the country quota through the Electoral Amendment Act, 1945 reduced the number and increased the size of rural electorates. None of the existing electorates remained unchanged, 27 electorates were abolished, 19 electorates were created for the first time, and eight former electorates were re-established, including St Albans.{{sfn|McRobie|1989|pp=91–96}}

History

The electorate was first created for the 1881 general election, held on 9 December.{{sfn|Scholefield|1950|p=97}}

In 1884 general election, held on 22 July, Francis James Garrick successfully stood for the electorate against two other candidates and obtained a comfortable victory, gaining 396 out of 477 votes.^[3] Garrick stood again in the electorate in the 1887 general election, against William Pember Reeves. At the election on 26 September, Reeves and Garrick received 802 and 634 votes, respectively. With a majority of 164 votes, Reeves was the successful candidate.^[4]^[5] The electorate was abolished at the end of the parliamentary term in 1890 and Reeves successfully contested the Christchurch electorate.

The electorate was recreated in 1946.{{sfn|Scholefield|1950|p=163}} Jack Watts from the National Party was the representative from 1946 to 1957, when he successfully contested the Fendalton electorate. St Albans went to Neville Pickering of the Labour Party, who lost the electorate at the next election in 1960 to National's Bert Walker. Walker represented St Albans until 1969, when he successfully contested the Papanui electorate.

St Albans was won by Labour's Roger Drayton in the 1969 general election. He retired after three terms, and the 1978 general election was won by Labour's David Caygill, who held the electorate until it was abolished in 1996.

Members of Parliament

The electorate was represented by eight Members of Parliament:{{sfn|Scholefield|1950|p=163}}

Election results

1993 election

1990 election

1987 election

1984 election

1981 election

1978 election

1975 election

1972 election

1969 election

1966 election

1963 election

1960 election

1957 election

1954 election

1951 election

1949 election

1946 election

Notes

1. ^{{cite news|url=http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=TS18811210.2.16.1|title=CHRISTCHURCH NORTH.|date=10 December 1881|issue=4255|work=The Star|pages=3|accessdate=22 April 2010}}
2. ^{{cite news|url=http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=TS18840715.2.18|title=THE NOMINATIONS.|date=15 July 1884|issue=5054|work=The Star|pages=3|accessdate=22 April 2010}}
3. ^{{cite news|url=http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&cl=search&d=TS18840723.2.28.1.4&srpos=1|title=St Albans|date=23 July 1884|issue=5016|work=The Star|pages=Page 3|accessdate=6 March 2010}}
4. ^{{cite book |title=Cyclopedia of New Zealand - Canterbury Provincial District |editor=Cyclopedia Company Limited |publisher=The Cyclopedia Company Limited |location=Christchurch |year=1903 |chapter=Christchurch City And Suburban — Ex-Members of the House of Representatives |url= http://www.nzetc.org/tm/scholarly/tei-Cyc03Cycl-t1-body1-d3-d6-d34.html#name-420419-mention |accessdate=6 March 2010}}
5. ^{{cite news |url= http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&d=TS18870927.2.33.4 |title=St Albans |date=27 September 1887 |issue=6043 |publisher=The Star |page=4 |accessdate=6 March 2010}}
6. ^{{cite techreport |ref={{sfnref|Election results|1993}} |title=Part 1: Votes recorded at each polling place |publisher=New Zealand Chief Electoral Office |year=1993 |pages=101}}
7. ^{{cite techreport |ref={{sfnref|Election results|1990}} |title=Part 1: Votes recorded at each polling place |publisher=New Zealand Chief Electoral Office |year=1990 |pages=105}}
8. ^{{cite web |title=The General Election, 1949 |url= http://atojs.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/atojs?a=d&d=AJHR1950-I.2.3.2.43 |publisher=National Library |accessdate=3 January 2014 |pages=1–5, 8 |year=1950}}
9. ^{{cite web |title=The General Election, 1946 |url= http://www.atojs.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/atojs?a=d&cl=search&d=AJHR1947-I.2.4.2.38 |publisher=National Library |accessdate=1 January 2014 |pages=1–11, 14 |year=1947}}