| 词条 | Middlesbrough (UK Parliament constituency) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
|name = Middlesbrough |parliament = uk |map1 = Middlesbrough2007 |map2 = EnglandCleveland |map_entity = Cleveland |map_year = |year = 1974 |abolished = |type = Borough |elects_howmany = One |previous = Middlesbrough East and Middlesbrough West |next = |electorate = 59,744 (2018)[1] |mp = Andy McDonald |party = Labour |region = England |county = Cleveland |european = North East England |year2 = 1868 |abolished2 = 1918 |type2 = Borough |previous2 = North Riding of Yorkshire |next2 = Middlesbrough East and Middlesbrough West |elects_howmany2 = One }} Middlesbrough is a constituency{{#tag:ref|A borough constituency (for the purposes of election expenses and type of returning officer)|group= n}} recreated in 1974 represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament by Andy McDonald from the Labour Party.{{#tag:ref|As with all constituencies, the constituency elects one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system of election at least every five years.|group= n}} An earlier version of the seat existed between 1868-1918. History
Parliament created this seat under the Representation of the People Act 1867 for the general election the next year, however the population expanded so was split into east/west areas in 1918. From 1950 until 1974, given intervening expansion of suburbs across the country, the Metropolitan Borough of Thornaby closer to Stockton on Tees was included in the Middlesbrough West constituency. Thornaby was enveloped into Teesside County Borough from 1974 and has not been part of the associated seats otherwise.[2]
The seat was recreated on similar boundaries to those which existed immediately before 1918.
The 2015 result made the seat the 36-safest of Labour's 232 seats by percentage of majority.[3] Since its revival in 1974 Middlesbrough has elected the Labour Party's candidate as its MP.{{refn|group=n|Middlesbrough was revived for the February 1974 general election}} In areas formerly in the Middlesbrough East contributor the MP has been Labour since 1950.{{refn|group=n|Middlesbrough East contributed more than half of its former area to the modern boundaries (as variously drawn after 1974)}} Middlesbrough West took in rural and semi-rural areas outside the borough to the west and was a marginal seat passing three times between the two largest parties after World War II but a Liberal stronghold from 1918 until 1945; former soldier and iron and steel merchant Trevelyan Thomson ran unopposed at the polls for re-election in 1924.
The 2012 by-election and 2015 general election saw UKIP finish second.[4] The Liberal Democrats fielded second-placed candidates in 2005 and 2010. The Conservatives did in all elections between the seat's revival and 2001, and returned to second place in 2017. The Green Party outpolled the Liberal Democrats in 2015 in a field of five parties' candidates standing — the two parties failed to achieve 5% of votes cast leading them to forfeit their deposits.
Turnout has ranged between 70.1% in 1987 and 48.8% in 2005. Boundaries1974–1983: The County Borough of Teesside wards of Berwick Hills, Marton, North Ormesby, St Hilda's, Thorntree, and Tollesby. 1983–1997: The Borough of Middlesbrough wards of Acklam, Beckfield, Beechwood, Berwick Hills, Gresham, Grove Hill, Kirby, Linthorpe, North Ormesby, Pallister, Park, St Hilda's, Southfield, Thorntree, and Westbourne. 1997–2010: The Borough of Middlesbrough wards of Acklam, Ayresome, Beckfield, Beechwood, Berwick Hills, Brookfield, Gresham, Grove Hill, Kader, Kirby, Linthorpe, North Ormesby, Pallister, Park, St Hilda's, Southfield, Thorntree, and Westbourne. 2010–present: The Borough of Middlesbrough wards of Acklam, Ayresome, Beckfield, Beechwood, Brookfield, Clairville, Gresham, Kader, Grove Hill, Linthorpe, Middlehaven, North Ormesby and Brambles Farm, Pallister, Park, Thorntree, and University. The boundaries of the constituency are loosely based on the pre 1968 County Borough of Middlesbrough boundaries, which is now defined as the Borough (or Town) of Middlesbrough; the exclusions are its Easterside and Park End Wards, instead in Middlesbrough South and East Cleveland. Constituency profileThe constituency is mostly the urban city itself, largely in the sunset of its once world-leading steel-making output, its adult population has mostly a low income with high unemployment, however with modern advanced engineering, design and tourism the city forms with nearby Redcar a bellwether for the North East region's economy firmly in the British forefront of a determined return to increasing national output.[5] In November 2012 male and female unemployment (based on the more up-to-date claimant statistics) placed Middlesbrough topmost of 29 constituencies in the region, well ahead for example the City of Durham at the bottom of the list, with just 3.4% claimants whereas this area had 9.4% claimants.[6] In terms of housing stock, the authority is one of few authorities to see the proportion of detached and semi-detached homes increase (to 13.6% and 39.9%), in this instance this was coupled with a similar rise in flats to 11.9%, all at a loss to the share of terraced properties, down 4.7%.[7] 2010 general election{{See|ToryBoy The Movie}}The film ToryBoy The Movie followed the election, directed by and starring John Walsh who documented how he became a candidate for the Conservative Party in Middlesbrough, challenging the sitting MP, Stuart Bell.[8][9] The following year, the Daily Mail claimed that long-term sitting MP Bell had not held a constituency surgery since 1997.[10] Later in 2011, Neil Macfarlane, in a report for local newspaperTeesside Gazette, asked "Are Teessiders getting enough from Sir Stuart Bell?" when he failed to answer over one hundred telephone calls made to his constituency office over a three-month period.[11] The Gazette story was picked up by national newspapers. The Independent asked "is Sir Stuart Bell Britain's laziest MP?"[12][13] The Guardian fact-checked the "laziest MP" claims and found that was false.[14] The Labour Party said it was looking into the allegations.[13][15] Bell later said that he had stopped surgeries after being assaulted, and was willing to meet constituents "by appointment". He stated that he would discuss the matter with Labour Chief Whip Rosie Winterton, and would be writing to Labour Party leader Ed Miliband to explain his circumstances.[16] Members of ParliamentMPs 1868–1918
MPs since 1974
ElectionsElections in the 2010s{{Election box begin| title = General Election 2017: Middlesbrough[18]{{Additional citation needed|date=September 2018 |reason=citation gives candidates but not votes}} }}{{Election box winning candidate with party link | party = Labour Party (UK) | candidate = Andy McDonald | votes = 23,404 | percentage = 65.7 | change = 8.9 {{increase}} }}{{Election box candidate with party link | party = Conservative Party (UK) | candidate = Jacob Young | votes = 9,531 | percentage = 26.7 | change = 10.3 {{increase}} }}{{Election box candidate with party link | party = UK Independence Party | candidate = David Hodgson | votes = 1,452 | percentage = 4.1 | change = 14.6 {{decrease}} }}{{Election box candidate | party = Independent | candidate = Terry Lawton | votes = 632 | percentage = 1.8 | change = 1.8 {{increase}} }}{{Election box candidate with party link | party = Liberal Democrats (UK) | candidate = Dawud Islam | votes = 368 | percentage = 1.0 | change = 2.7 {{decrease}} }}{{Election box candidate with party link | party = Green Party of England and Wales | candidate = Carl Martinez | votes = 250 | percentage = 0.7 | change = 3.6 {{decrease}} }}{{Election box majority | votes = 13,873 | percentage = 39.0 | change = {{increase}} 0.9 }}{{Election box turnout | votes = 35,367 | percentage = 58.3 | change = +5.4 }}{{Election box hold with party link | winner = Labour Party (UK) | swing = -0.7 }}{{Election box end}}{{Election box begin|title=General Election 2015: Middlesbrough[19] }}{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Labour Party (UK)|candidate=Andy McDonald|votes=18,584|percentage=56.8|change=+10.9}}{{Election box candidate with party link|party=UK Independence Party|candidate=Nigel Baker|votes=6,107|percentage=18.7|change=+15.0}}{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Conservative Party (UK)|candidate=Simon Clarke|votes=5,388|percentage=16.5|change=-2.3}}{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Green Party of England and Wales|candidate=Hannah Graham|votes=1,407|percentage=4.3|change=+4.3}}{{Election box candidate with party link|party=Liberal Democrats (UK)|candidate=Richard Kilpatrick|votes=1,220|percentage=3.7|change=-16.2}}{{Election box majority|votes=12,477|percentage=38.1|change={{increase}} 12.1}}{{Election box turnout|votes=32,706|percentage=52.9|change=+1.5}}{{Election box hold with party link |winner = Labour Party (UK) |swing = -2.0 }}{{Election box end}}{{Election box begin|title=Middlesbrough by-election, 2012 }}{{Election box candidate with party link |party = Labour Party (UK) |candidate = Andy McDonald |votes = 10,201 |percentage = 60.5 |change = +14.6 }}{{Election box candidate with party link |party = UK Independence Party |candidate = Richard Elvin |votes = 1,990 |percentage = 11.8 |change = +8.1 }}{{Election box candidate with party link |party = Liberal Democrats (UK) |candidate = George Selmer |votes = 1,672 |percentage = 9.9 |change = −10.0 }}{{Election box candidate with party link |party = Conservative Party (UK) |candidate = Ben Houchen |votes = 1,063 |percentage = 6.3 |change = −12.5 }}{{Election box candidate with party link |party = Peace Party (UK) |candidate = Imdad Hussain |votes = 1,060 |percentage = 6.3 |change = N/A }}{{Election box candidate with party link |party = British National Party |candidate = Peter Foreman |votes = 328 |percentage = 1.9 |change = −3.9 }}{{Election box candidate with party link |party = Trade Unionist and Socialist Coalition |candidate = John Malcolm |votes = 277 |percentage = 1.6 |change = N/A }}{{Election box candidate |party = Independent |candidate = Mark Heslehurst |votes = 275 |percentage = 1.6 |change = N/A }}{{Election box majority |votes = 8,211 |percentage = 48.7 |change = +22.7 }}{{Election box turnout |votes = 16,866 |percentage = |change = }}{{Election box hold with party link |winner = Labour Party (UK) |swing = – }}{{Election box end}}{{Election box begin|title=General Election 2010: Middlesbrough[20][21] }}{{Election box candidate with party link |party = Labour Party (UK) |candidate = Stuart Bell |votes = 15,351 |percentage = 45.9 |change = −11.7 }}{{Election box candidate with party link |party = Liberal Democrats (UK) |candidate = Chris Foote-Wood |votes = 6,662 |percentage = 19.9 |change = +1.2 }}{{Election box candidate with party link |party = Conservative Party (UK) |candidate = John Walsh |votes = 6,283 |percentage = 18.8 |change = +2.3 }}{{Election box candidate with party link |party = Independent (politician) |candidate = Joan McTigue |votes = 1,969 |percentage = 5.9 |change = +5.9 }}{{Election box candidate with party link |party = British National Party |candidate = Michael Ferguson |votes = 1,954 |percentage = 5.8 |change = +3.3 }}{{Election box candidate with party link |party = UK Independence Party |candidate = Robert Parker |votes = 1,236 |percentage = 3.7 |change = +1.3 }}{{Election box majority |votes = 8,689 |percentage = 26.0 |change = {{decrease}} 13.1 }}{{Election box turnout |votes = 33,455 |percentage = 51.4 |change = +2.7 }}{{Election box hold with party link |winner = Labour Party (UK) |swing = −6.4 }}{{Election box end}} Elections in the 2000s{{Election box begin|title=General Election 2005: Middlesbrough[22]}}{{Election box candidate with party link |party = Labour Party (UK) |candidate = Stuart Bell |votes = 18,562 |percentage = 57.8 |change = −9.8 }}{{Election box candidate with party link |party = Liberal Democrats (UK) |candidate = Joe Michna |votes = 5,995 |percentage = 18.7 |change = +8.3 }}{{Election box candidate with party link |party = Conservative Party (UK) |candidate = Caroline Flynn-Macleod |votes = 5,263 |percentage = 16.4 |change = −2.7 }}{{Election box candidate with party link |party = British National Party |candidate = Ron Armes |votes = 819 |percentage = 2.5 |change = N/A }}{{Election box candidate with party link |party = UK Independence Party |candidate = Michael Landers |votes = 768 |percentage = 2.4 |change = N/A }}{{Election box candidate with party link |party = Independent (politician) |candidate = Jackie Elder |votes = 503 |percentage = 1.6 |change = N/A }}{{Election box candidate with party link |party = Independent (politician) |candidate = Derrick Arnott |votes = 230 |percentage = 0.7 |change = N/A }}{{Election box majority |votes = 12,567 |percentage = 39.1 |change = {{decrease}} 9.4 }}{{Election box turnout |votes = 32,140 |percentage = 48.8 |change = −1.0 }}{{Election box hold with party link |winner = Labour Party (UK) |swing = −9.0 }}{{Election box end}}{{Election box begin|title=General Election 2001: Middlesbrough[23] }}{{Election box candidate with party link |party = Labour Party (UK) |candidate = Stuart Bell |votes = 22,783 |percentage = 67.6 |change = −3.9 }}{{Election box candidate with party link |party = Conservative Party (UK) |candidate = Alex Finn |votes = 6,453 |percentage = 19.1 |change = +2.0 }}{{Election box candidate with party link |party = Liberal Democrats (UK) |candidate = Keith Miller |votes = 3,512 |percentage = 10.4 |change = +1.9 }}{{Election box candidate with party link |party = Socialist Alliance (England) |candidate = Geoffrey Kerr-Morgan |votes = 577 |percentage = 1.7 |change = N/A }}{{Election box candidate with party link |party = Socialist Labour Party (UK) |candidate = Kai Andersen |votes = 392 |percentage = 1.2 |change = N/A }}{{Election box majority |votes = 16,330 |percentage = 48.5 |change = {{decrease}} 5.4 }}{{Election box turnout |votes = 33,717 |percentage = 49.8 |change = −15.2 }}{{Election box hold with party link |winner = Labour Party (UK) |swing = }}{{Election box end}} Elections in the 1990s{{Election box begin ||title=General Election 1997: Middlesbrough[24] }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Labour Party (UK) |candidate = Stuart Bell |votes = 32,925 |percentage = 71.43 |change = +7.3 }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Conservative Party (UK) |candidate = Liam Benham |votes = 7,907 |percentage = 17.15 |change = −8.6 }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Liberal Democrats (UK) |candidate = Alison Charlesworth |votes = 3,934 |percentage = 8.53 |change = −1.7 }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Referendum Party |candidate = Robert Edwards |votes = 1,331 |percentage = 2.89 |change = N/A }}{{Election box majority| |votes = 25,018 |percentage = 54.27 |change = }}{{Election box turnout| |votes = |percentage = 65.00 |change = }}{{Election box hold with party link| |winner = Labour Party (UK) |swing = }}{{Election box end}}{{Election box begin | |title=General Election 1992: Middlesbrough[25][26] }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Labour Party (UK) |candidate = Stuart Bell |votes = 26,343 |percentage = 64.1 |change = +4.4 }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Conservative Party (UK) |candidate = Paul R. Rayner |votes = 10,559 |percentage = 25.7 |change = +0.7 }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Liberal Democrats (UK) |candidate = Rosamund Jordan |votes = 4,201 |percentage = 10.2 |change = −5.1 }}{{Election box majority| |votes = 15,784 |percentage = 38.4 |change = +3.7 }}{{Election box turnout| |votes = 41,103 |percentage = 69.8 |change = −1.1 }}{{Election box hold with party link| |winner = Labour Party (UK) |swing = +1.9 }}{{Election box end}} Elections in the 1980s{{Election box begin ||title=General Election 1987: Middlesbrough[27] }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Labour Party (UK) |candidate = Stuart Bell |votes = 25,747 |percentage = 59.70 |change = }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Conservative Party (UK) |candidate = Robert Orr-Ewing |votes = 10,789 |percentage = 25.02 |change = }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Liberal Party (UK) |candidate = Philip Hawley |votes = 6,594 |percentage = 15.29 |change = }}{{Election box majority| |votes = 14,958 |percentage = 36.7 |change = }}{{Election box turnout| |votes = |percentage = 70.95 |change = }}{{Election box hold with party link| |winner = Labour Party (UK) |swing = }}{{Election box end}}{{Election box begin | |title=General Election 1983: Middlesbrough[28] }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Labour Party (UK) |candidate = Stuart Bell |votes = 21,220 |percentage = 50.7 |change = }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Conservative Party (UK) |candidate = L.H. Campey |votes = 11,551 |percentage = 27.6 |change = }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Liberal Party (UK) |candidate = A.D. Sanders |votes = 8,871 |percentage = 21.2 |change = }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Workers Revolutionary Party (UK) |candidate = M.A. Simpson |votes = 207 |percentage = 0.5 |change = }}{{Election box majority| |votes = 9,669 |percentage = 23.1 |change = }}{{Election box turnout| |votes = |percentage = 66.4 |change = }}{{Election box hold with party link| |winner = Labour Party (UK) |swing = }}{{Election box end}} Elections in the 1970s{{Election box begin ||title=General Election 1979: Middlesbrough }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Labour Party (UK) |candidate = Arthur Bottomley |votes = 24,872 |percentage = 56.2 |change = }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Conservative Party (UK) |candidate = C Fenwick |votes = 13,463 |percentage = 30.4 |change = }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Liberal Party (UK) |candidate = Peter Freitag |votes = 4,023 |percentage = 9.1 |change = }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Workers Revolutionary Party (UK) |candidate = M Simpson |votes = 1,018 |percentage = 2.3 |change = }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Independent Labour |candidate = J Wilcox |votes = 861 |percentage = 2.0 |change = }}{{Election box majority| |votes = 11,409 |percentage = 25.8 |change = }}{{Election box turnout| |votes = |percentage = 67.9 |change = }}{{Election box hold with party link| |winner = Labour Party (UK) |swing = }}{{Election box end}}{{Election box begin | |title=General Election October 1974: Middlesbrough }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Labour Party (UK) |candidate = Arthur Bottomley |votes = 22,791 |percentage = 61.8 |change = }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Conservative Party (UK) |candidate = Edward Leigh |votes = 8,984 |percentage = 24.4 |change = }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Liberal Party (UK) |candidate = Chris Foote Wood |votes = 5,080 |percentage = 13.8 |change = }}{{Election box majority| |votes = 13,807 |percentage = 37.5 |change = }}{{Election box turnout| |votes = |percentage = 61.2 |change = }}{{Election box hold with party link| |winner = Labour Party (UK) |swing = }}{{Election box end}}{{Election box begin | |title=General Election February 1974: Middlesbrough }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Labour Party (UK) |candidate = Arthur Bottomley |votes = 27,324 |percentage = 66.3 |change = N/A }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Conservative Party (UK) |candidate = Geoffrey Dickens |votes = 13,915 |percentage = 33.7 |change = N/A }}{{Election box majority| |votes = 13,409 |percentage = 32.5 |change = N/A }}{{Election box turnout| |votes = 41,239 |percentage = 69.4 |change = N/A }}{{Election box new seat win| |winner = Labour Party (UK) }}{{Election box end}} Elections in the 1910sGeneral Election 1914/15: A General Election was required to take place before the end of 1915. The political parties had been making preparations for an election to take place and by the July 1914, the following candidates had been selected;
|title=General Election December 1910: Middlesbrough [29][30] }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Liberal Party (UK) |candidate =Penry Williams |votes =10,313 |percentage = 61.1 |change = +10.6 }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Conservative Party (UK) |candidate =Thomas Gibson Poole |votes =6,568 |percentage = 38.9 |change = +3.6 }}{{Election box majority| |votes = 3,745 |percentage = 22.2 |change = +7.0 }}{{Election box turnout| |votes = 16,881 |percentage = 77.6 |change = −10.4 }}{{Election box registered electors| |reg. electors = 21,756 }}{{Election box hold with party link| |winner =Liberal Party (UK) |swing = +3.5 }}{{Election box end}}{{Election box begin| |title=General Election January 1910: Middlesbrough [29][31] }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party =Liberal Party (UK) |candidate =Penry Williams |votes =9,670 |percentage = 50.5 |change = −2.1 }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Conservative Party (UK) |candidate =Arthur Charles Dorman |votes =6,756 |percentage = 35.3 |change = −3.7 }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Labour Party (UK) |candidate =Patrick Walls |votes =2,710 |percentage = 14.2 |change = N/A }}{{Election box majority| |votes = 2,914 |percentage = 15.2 |change = +1.6 }}{{Election box turnout| |votes = 19,136 |percentage = 88.0 |change = +1.3 }}{{Election box registered electors| |reg. electors = 21,756 }}{{Election box hold with party link| |winner =Liberal Party (UK) |swing = +0.8 }}{{Election box end}} Elections in the 1900s{{Election box begin| title=General Election 1906: Middlesbrough [29][32]}}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party =Liberal-Labour (UK) |candidate =Havelock Wilson |votes = 9,271 |percentage = 52.6 |change = +2.8 }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Conservative Party (UK) |candidate = Samuel Sadler |votes =6,864 |percentage = 39.0 |change = −11.2 }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Independent Labour |candidate =George Lansbury |votes = 1,484 |percentage = 8.4 |change = N/A }}{{Election box majority| |votes = 2,407 |percentage = 13.6 |change = N/A }}{{Election box turnout| |votes = 17,619 |percentage = 86.7 |change = +8.9 }}{{Election box registered electors| |reg. electors = 20,322 }}{{Election box gain with party link| |winner =Liberal-Labour (UK) |loser = Conservative Party (UK) |swing = +7.0 }}{{Election box end}}{{Election box begin| title=General Election 1900: Middlesbrough [29][32][33] }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Conservative Party (UK) |candidate =Samuel Sadler |votes =6,760 |percentage = 50.2 |change = +9.0 }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party =Liberal-Labour (UK) |candidate =Havelock Wilson |votes =6,705 |percentage = 49.8 |change = −9.0 }}{{Election box majority| |votes =55 |percentage = 0.4 |change = N/A }}{{Election box turnout| |votes = 13,465 |percentage = 77.8 |change = +1.6 }}{{Election box registered electors| |reg. electors = 17,307 }}{{Election box gain with party link| |winner = Conservative Party (UK) |loser =Liberal-Labour (UK) |swing = +9.0 }}{{Election box end}} Elections in the 1890s{{Election box begin| title=General Election 1895: Middlesbrough [29][32][34]}}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party =Liberal-Labour (UK) |candidate =Havelock Wilson |votes =6,755 |percentage = 58.8 |change = +25.2 }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Conservative Party (UK) |candidate =Samuel Sadler |votes =4,735 |percentage = 41.2 |change = +13.6 }}{{Election box majority| |votes =2,020 |percentage = 17.6 |change = N/A }}{{Election box turnout| |votes = 11,490 |percentage = 76.2 |change = −3.4 }}{{Election box registered electors| |reg. electors = 15,077 }}{{Election box gain with party link| |winner =Liberal-Labour (UK) |loser = Independent Labour |swing = N/A }}{{Election box end}}{{Election box begin| title=General Election 1892: Middlesbrough [29][32] }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party =Independent Labour |candidate =Havelock Wilson |votes =4,691 |percentage = 38.8 |change = N/A }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party =Liberal Party (UK) |candidate =William Robson |votes =4,062 |percentage = 33.6 |change = N/A }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party =Liberal Unionist Party |candidate =Hugh Bell |votes =3,333 |percentage = 27.6 |change = N/A }}{{Election box majority| |votes =629 |percentage = 5.2 |change = N/A }}{{Election box turnout| |votes = 12,086 |percentage = 79.6 |change = N/A }}{{Election box registered electors| |reg. electors = 15,192 }}{{Election box gain with party link| |winner =Independent Labour |loser =Liberal Party (UK) |swing = N/A }}{{Election box end}} Elections in the 1880s{{Election box begin| title=General Election 1886: Middlesbrough [29][32]}}{{Election box candidate unopposed with party link| |party = Liberal Party (UK) |candidate =Isaac Wilson }}{{Election box hold with party link no swing| |winner = Liberal Party (UK) }}{{Election box end}}{{Election box begin| title=General Election 1885: Middlesbrough [29][32][35] }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Liberal Party (UK) |candidate = Isaac Wilson |votes = 6,961 |percentage = 63.3 |change = +1.6 }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Conservative Party (UK) |candidate =Raylton Dixon |votes = 4,035 |percentage = 36.7 |change = +14.5 }}{{Election box majority| |votes = 2,926 |percentage = 26.6 |change = −12.9 }}{{Election box turnout| |votes = 10,996 |percentage = 79.3 |change = +10.6 }}{{Election box registered electors| |reg. electors = 13,864 }}{{Election box hold with party link| |winner = Liberal Party (UK) |swing = −6.5 }}{{Election box end}}{{Election box begin | |title=General Election 1880: Middlesbrough[36] }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Liberal Party (UK) |candidate = Isaac Wilson |votes = 4,515 |percentage = 61.7 |change = +2.3 }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Conservative Party (UK) |candidate = Samuel Sadler |votes = 1,626 |percentage = 22.2 |change = +6.3 }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Liberal-Labour (UK) |candidate = Edward Dillon Lewis[37] |votes = 1,171 |percentage = 16.0 |change = −8.6 }}{{Election box majority| |votes = 2,889 |percentage = 39.5 |change = +4.7 }}{{Election box turnout| |votes = 7,312 |percentage = 68.7 |change = −1.9 }}{{Election box registered electors| |reg. electors = 10,641 }}{{Election box hold with party link| |winner = Liberal Party (UK) |swing = +2.4 }}{{Election box end}} Elections in the 1870s{{Election box begin ||title=By-election 5 July 1878: Middlesbrough[36] }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Liberal Party (UK) |candidate = Isaac Wilson |votes = 5,307 |percentage = 68.7 |change = +9.3 }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Conservative Party (UK) |candidate = Samuel Sadler |votes = 2,415 |percentage =31.3 |change = +6.7 }}{{Election box majority| |votes = 2,892 |percentage = 37.5 |change = +2.7 }}{{Election box turnout| |votes = 7,722 |percentage = 65.3 |change = −5.3 }}{{Election box registered electors| |reg. electors = 11,824 }}{{Election box hold with party link| |winner = Liberal Party (UK) |swing = +1.4 }}{{Election box end}}
|title=General Election 1874: Middlesbrough[36] }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Liberal Party (UK) |candidate = Henry Bolckow |votes = 3,719 |percentage = 59.4 |change = N/A }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Liberal-Labour (UK) |candidate = John Kane |votes = 1,541 |percentage = 24.6 |change = N/A }}{{Election box candidate with party link| |party = Conservative Party (UK) |candidate = William Randolph Innes Hopkins[38] |votes = 996 |percentage = 15.9 |change = N/A }}{{Election box majority| |votes = 2,178 |percentage = 34.8 |change = N/A }}{{Election box turnout| |votes = 6,256 |percentage = 70.6 |change = N/A }}{{Election box registered electors| |reg. electors = 8,862 }}{{Election box hold with party link| |winner = Liberal Party (UK) |swing = N/A }}{{Election box end}} Elections in the 1860s{{Election box begin ||title=General Election 1868: Middlesbrough[36] }}{{Election box candidate unopposed with party link| |party = Liberal Party (UK) |candidate = Henry Bolckow }}{{Election box registered electors| |reg. electors = 5,196 }}{{Election box new seat win |winner = Liberal Party (UK) }}{{Election box end}} See also
Notes and references
1. ^{{cite web |url=https://boundarycommissionforengland.independent.gov.uk/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/England-Parliamentary-electorates-for-2018.xlsx |title=England Parliamentary electorates 2010-2018 |publisher=Boundary Commission for England |accessdate=23 March 2019 |df=dmy }} 2. ^Thornaby MB – units covering this place A Vision of Britain history website; University of Portsmouth and others. Retrieved 17 April 2017 3. ^List of Labour MPs elected in 2015 by % majority UK Political.info. Retrieved 29 January 2017 4. ^General Election Results from the Electoral Commission 5. ^[https://www.theguardian.com/politics/constituency/1128/middlesbrough Constituency Profile] The Guardian 6. ^[https://www.theguardian.com/news/datablog/2010/nov/17/unemployment-and-employment-statistics-economics Unemployment statistics] The Guardian 7. ^2011 census interactive maps {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160129132219/http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/guide-method/census/2011/census-data/2011-census-interactive-content/index.html |date=29 January 2016 }} 8. ^https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/no-surgeries-for-14-years--is-sir-stuart-bell-britains-laziest-mp-2350953.html 9. ^http://www.gazettelive.co.uk/news/local-news/teessiders-getting-enough-sir-stuart-3693031 10. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1356366/Labour-veteran-Sir-Stuart-Bell-held-voters-surgery-14-years.html|title=Labour veteran Sir Stuart Bell held voters surgery 14 years|publisher=Daily Mail|accessdate=8 September 2011|location=London|first1=Simon|last1=Walters|first2=Paul|last2=Wilkinson|date=13 February 2011}} 11. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.gazettelive.co.uk/news/local-news/teessiders-getting-enough-sir-stuart-3693031|title=Are Teessiders getting enough from Sir Stuart Bell?|author=gazettelive Administrator|date=6 September 2011|work=gazettelive}} 12. ^Jonathan Brown [https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/no-surgeries-for-14-years--is-sir-stuart-bell-britains-laziest-mp-2350953.html No surgeries for 14 years - is Sir Stuart Bell Britain's laziest MP?], Independent, 7 September 2011 13. ^1 Richard Moss [https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-14847291 Middlesbrough MP Sir Stuart Bell fights laziest MP tag], BBC, 9 September 2011 14. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/reality-check-with-polly-curtis/2011/sep/08/reality-check-britain-s-laziest-mp|title=Reality check: Who are Britain's laziest parliamentarians?|author=Polly Curtis|work=The Guardian|date=8 September 2011}}: "Bell has been an MP for nearly 30 years and has had a distinguished career in parliament as a frontbench spokesman on trade and industry in opposition and the spokesman for the Church of England in the House of Commons and member of the House of Commons commission until last year. He's part of a breed of politicians – also including the Tory Edward Leigh and Labour's Gerald Kaufman – who have been extremely active parliamentarians but not always maintained an office in their constituency. One measure of their parliamentary work is the proportion of votes they turn up to." 15. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.gazettelive.co.uk/news/local-news/labour-launches-probe-middlesbrough-mp-3693109|title=Labour launches probe into Middlesbrough MP|author=gazettelive Administrator|date=8 September 2011|work=gazettelive}} 16. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2034920/MP-Stuart-Bell-held-surgery-14-years.html#ixzz1XNGbe8fU|title=Is this Britain's laziest MP? Labour veteran who claims £83,000 for staff but hasn't held a constituency surgery for 14 YEARS|publisher=Daily Mail|date=8 September 2011|accessdate=8 September 2011|location=London|first=Colin|last=Fernandez}} 17. ^1 {{Rayment-hc|m|2|date=March 2012}} 18. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.gazettelive.co.uk/news/teesside-news/teesside-general-election-candidates-13024295|title=Teesside General Election candidates: Here are the men and women asking for your vote|publisher=Teeside Gazette|date=17 May 2017|accessdate=27 September 2018}} 19. ^{{cite web|title=Election Data 2015|url=http://www.electoralcalculus.co.uk/electdata_2015.txt|publisher=Electoral Calculus|accessdate=17 October 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151017112223/http://www.electoralcalculus.co.uk/electdata_2015.txt|archivedate=17 October 2015}} 20. ^{{cite web|title=Election Data 2010|url=http://www.electoralcalculus.co.uk/electdata_2010.txt|publisher=Electoral Calculus|accessdate=17 October 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130726162034/http://www.electoralcalculus.co.uk/electdata_2010.txt|archivedate=26 July 2013}} 21. ^{{cite web|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/nol/shared/election2010/results/constituency/c92.stm|title=UK > England > North East > Middlesbrough|date=7 May 2010|work=Election 2010|publisher=BBC|accessdate=10 May 2010}} 22. ^{{cite web|title=Election Data 2005|url=http://www.electoralcalculus.co.uk/electdata_2005ob.txt|publisher=Electoral Calculus|accessdate=18 October 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111015054249/http://www.electoralcalculus.co.uk/electdata_2005ob.txt|archivedate=15 October 2011}} 23. ^{{cite web|title=Election Data 2001|url=http://www.electoralcalculus.co.uk/electdata_2001ob.txt|publisher=Electoral Calculus|accessdate=18 October 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111015054450/http://www.electoralcalculus.co.uk/electdata_2001ob.txt|archivedate=15 October 2011}} 24. ^{{cite web|title=Election Data 1997|url=http://www.electoralcalculus.co.uk/electdata_1997.txt|publisher=Electoral Calculus|accessdate=18 October 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111015054424/http://www.electoralcalculus.co.uk/electdata_1997.txt|archivedate=15 October 2011}} 25. ^{{cite web|title=Election Data 1992|url=http://www.electoralcalculus.co.uk/electdata_1992ob.txt|publisher=Electoral Calculus|accessdate=18 October 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111015054418/http://www.electoralcalculus.co.uk/electdata_1992ob.txt|archivedate=15 October 2011}} 26. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.politicsresources.net/area/uk/ge92/ge92index.htm|title=Politics Resources|date=9 April 1992|work=Election 1992|publisher=Politics Resources|accessdate=6 December 2010}} 27. ^{{cite web|title=Election Data 1987|url=http://www.electoralcalculus.co.uk/electdata_1987.txt|publisher=Electoral Calculus|accessdate=18 October 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111015054243/http://www.electoralcalculus.co.uk/electdata_1987.txt|archivedate=15 October 2011}} 28. ^{{cite web|title=Election Data 1983|url=http://www.electoralcalculus.co.uk/electdata_1983.txt|publisher=Electoral Calculus|accessdate=18 October 2015|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111015054231/http://www.electoralcalculus.co.uk/electdata_1983.txt|archivedate=15 October 2011}} 29. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 British Parliamentary Election Results 1885–1918, FWS Craig 30. ^Debrett's House of Commons & Judicial Bench, 1916 31. ^Debrett's House of Commons & Judicial Bench, 1916 32. ^1 2 3 4 5 The Liberal Year Book, 1907 33. ^Debrett's House of Commons & Judicial Bench, 1901 34. ^Debrett's House of Commons & Judicial Bench, 1901 35. ^Debrett's House of Commons & Judicial Bench, 1886 36. ^1 2 3 {{cite book|editor1-last=Craig|editor1-first=F. W. S.|editor-link=F. W. S. Craig|title=British Parliamentary Election Results 1832-1885|date=1977|publisher=Macmillan Press|location=London|isbn=978-1-349-02349-3|edition=1st|format=e-book}} 37. ^{{cite news|title=Middlesbrough|url=https://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0002054/18800320/115/0005|accessdate=4 December 2017|work=Darlington & Stockton Times, Ripon & Richmond Chronicle|date=20 March 1880|page=5|via = British Newspaper Archive|subscription=yes}} 38. ^{{cite news|title=Latest Market News|url=https://www.britishnewspaperarchive.co.uk/viewer/bl/0000085/18740206/023/0008|accessdate=6 January 2018|work=Newcastle Courant|date=9 February 1874|page=8|via = British Newspaper Archive|subscription=yes}}
Sources
|last=Craig |first=F. W. S. |authorlink= F. W. S. Craig |title=British parliamentary election results 1832–1885 |origyear=1977 |edition= 2nd |year=1989 |publisher= Parliamentary Research Services |location=Chichester |isbn= 0-900178-26-4 }}
|last=Craig |first=F. W. S. |authorlink= F. W. S. Craig |title=British parliamentary election results 1885–1918 |origyear=1974 |edition= 2nd |year=1989 |publisher= Parliamentary Research Services |location=Chichester |isbn= 0-900178-27-2{{Constituencies in North East England}}{{Middlesbrough}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Middlesbrough (Uk Parliament Constituency)}} 5 : Parliamentary constituencies in North East England|United Kingdom Parliamentary constituencies established in 1868|United Kingdom Parliamentary constituencies disestablished in 1918|United Kingdom Parliamentary constituencies established in 1974|Politics of Middlesbrough |
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