| 词条 | St. Nicholas Church, Demre | |||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
HistoryThe church was built in AD 520[5]{{dubious|No source indicated. If Theodosius (r. 379-395) indeed ordered its construction, it's plain wrong.|date=August 2018}} on the foundations of an older Christian church where Saint Nicholas served as a bishop.[5] Over time the church was flooded and filled with silt. In 1862 it was restored by Russian Emperor Nicholas I, who added a tower and made other changes to its Byzantine architecture. The church continued to function until the ancient Greek Orthodox community of Demre was forced to leave by the 1923 Population exchange between Greece and Turkey. The church is regarded as the 3rd most important Byzantine structure in Anatolia. It is noted for its remarkable wall frescos, and its architectural and religious significance.[5] The northeast annex arcade contains the only example of St Nicholas's life cycle on ancient frescos in Turkey as well.[3] Archaeological excavationsArchaeological excavations in the Church started in 1988 directed by Prof. S. Yıldız Ötüken of Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey. The work has revealed some of the northern section of the monastery complex, and also the small chapels around the nave, one of which notably contains vibrant frescoes detailing the life and miracles of the saint, and a desecrated sarcophagus which is thought to be the original burial place from which his remains were forcibly translated to Bari in 1087.[6]LiturgyThe Orthodox Liturgy is occasionally celebrated in the church on 6 December. See also
References1. ^{{cite book |author= Domenico, Roy Palmer |title= The regions of Italy: a reference guide to history and culture |publisher= Greenwood Publishing Group |year= 2002 |page=21 |isbn= 0-313-30733-4 |quote= Saint Nicholas (Bishop of Myra) replaced Sabino as the patron saint of the city… A Greek from what is now Turkey, he lived in the early fourth century.}} 2. ^{{cite book |author= Burman, Edward |title= Emperor to emperor: Italy before the Renaissance |publisher= Constable |year= 1991 |page=126 |isbn= 0-09-469490-7 |quote= For although he is the patron saint of Russia, and the model for a northern invention such as Santa Claus, Nicholas of Myra was a Greek.}} 3. ^1 {{cite web |title=Demre Statues |url=http://www.stnicholascenter.org/pages/demre-statues/ |website=St. Nicholas Center |accessdate=17 December 2018}} 4. ^{{cite web |title=St. Nicholas Church |url=http://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/1399/ |website=UNESCO World Heritage Centre |accessdate=17 December 2018 |language=en}} 5. ^1 2 {{cite web |title=St. Nicholas Church Myra/Demre |url=http://www.stnicholascenter.org/pages/myra-church/ |website=www.stnicholascenter.org |publisher=St. Nicholas Center}} 6. ^For the story of the translation of the bones see: Charles W. Jones, "Saint Nikolaos of Myra, Bari, and Manhattan: Biography of a Legend" (Chicago: University of Chicago Press) 1978, {{ISBN|978-0-226-40700-5}}, pp. 176-193. External links
4 : Buildings and structures in Antalya Province|Mediterranean Region, Turkey|Tourist attractions in Antalya Province|World Heritage Site Tentative list |
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