“Midwest Airlines”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Midwest Airlines' final flight operated with a Boeing 717-200 and staffed with Midwest Airlines flight crews landed in Milwaukee on November 2, 2009.^[3] Effective November 3, 2009, Midwest Airlines ceased to exist as an actual operating airline (allowing its DOT air carrier operator certificate to lapse).

History

K-C Aviation

Midwest Airlines began its existence in 1948, when Kimberly-Clark began providing air transportation for company executives and engineers between the company's Neenah, Wisconsin headquarters and its mills. Operating out of the nearby Appleton International Airport, early employee shuttle destinations included Chicago O'Hare, Memphis, and Atlanta's Fulton County Airport.

In 1969, K-C Aviation was born from this, and was dedicated to the maintenance of corporate aircraft. K-C Aviation was sold in 1998 to Gulfstream Aerospace for $250 million; included were its operations in Appleton, Dallas, and Westfield, Massachusetts.^[4]

Midwest Express

After the Airline Deregulation Act of 1978, Kimberly-Clark and K-C Aviation decided to form a regular scheduled passenger airline, and out of that initiative, Midwest Express began operations on June 11, 1984. At the time the airline had two Douglas DC-9-10 twin engine jets and 83 employees.^[5] Early plans for the airline called for it to serve Appleton, Chicago, and Atlanta. Kimberly-Clark opted against this plan after local resistance over the carrier's desire to serve Atlanta's Fulton County Airport, which is a general aviation airport on the city's west side. From 1983 to 1985, the airline also operated a single Convair 580 twin turboprop aircraft provided by Kimberly-Clark's corporate aviation department.^[6]

The airline slowly grew by adding additional DC-9 aircraft to its fleet, including larger McDonnell Douglas DC-9-30 jets, with a total of 24 by the end of 1996. Eventually, Midwest Express served most major Midwestern and East Coast destinations. Its longtime slogan, "The Best Care in the Air", represented its inflight product. For many years, all flights featured 2-by-2 leather seating (in aircraft usually fitted with 3-2 seating), ample legroom, complimentary gourmet meals, and warm chocolate chip cookies. This made the airline popular with business travelers. In addition, Midwest Express operated a sizable executive charter operation with a specially configured DC-9.

In 1989, Midwest Express added two McDonnell Douglas MD-80 aircraft to its fleet, eventually acquiring eleven additional aircraft between 1998 and 2001. These enabled the airline to expand services to the West Coast and Florida. The airline experienced steady growth and continued profitability, opening an additional hub in Omaha, Nebraska in early 1995. Midwest Express also started its own regional subsidiary, Skyway Airlines, The Midwest Express Connection, to provide commuter airline service to small communities in Wisconsin and the surrounding region. Kimberly-Clark relinquished its ownership in two initial public offerings on September 22, 1995 and May 8, 1996.^[7] The airline's new parent company, Midwest Air Group, traded on the American Stock Exchange under the ticker symbol "MEH."

Midwest Express also added Midwest Vacations in the 1990s, naming GOGO Worldwide Vacations as the original partner to provide hotel service^[8] and later partnering with Mark Travel.^[9] Midwest Airlines Vacations continues to operate as a vacation provider.

In 1997, according to the Midwest Express timetable, the airline was code sharing with Virgin Atlantic Airways for flights between London Heathrow Airport and Milwaukee and Kansas City with passengers connecting between the two air carriers in Boston.^[10]

After fourteen years of profit-making, Midwest Express was affected with serious financial problems after the September 11 terrorist attacks. To return to profitability, the airline made major changes. The Omaha hub was reduced to a focus city in early 2002, with hub status transferred to Kansas City. Some MD-80 series aircraft were reconfigured into a new "Saver Service", featuring cloth coach seats in a 2-by-3 arrangement. Saver Service, while decreasing the width of the seats, continued to feature ample legroom. This service was initially offered from the Milwaukee and Kansas City hubs to leisure destinations such as Florida, Los Angeles, Las Vegas, and Phoenix on McDonnell Douglas MD-80 aircraft. The airline's Signature Service was also affected by the financial difficulties. The signature gourmet meal services, which had been served on china after being cooked on board, were discontinued in 2002 and replaced with a buy-on-board product.

Midwest Express destinations in 1984

By 1985, Atlanta (ATL) had been added to the route system with service to Newark being discontinued at this time and by 1986 flights had been begun to Madison, Wisconsin (MSN), New York City LaGuardia Airport (LGA) and Washington D.C. National Airport (DCA).^[12] All service was flown nonstop between Milwaukee and these destinations, with the exception of a nonstop route between Appleton and Newark in 1984 that had been discontinued by 1985.

Midwest Express destinations in 2001

In early 2002 Kansas City became a secondary hub for the airline while Omaha became a focus city.

Midwest Airlines

In 2002, the airline made another major change, shortening its name from Midwest Express to simply Midwest. A major reason for the change was the modern association of "express" with a regional airline, which Midwest was not. At the same time, Midwest's commuter airline subsidiary changed its name from Skyway Airlines, the Midwest Express Connection, to Midwest Connect. In a move to save money on jet fuel, the airline accelerated the replacement of DC-9 aircraft with the Boeing 717-200. On May 23, 2006, Midwest Airlines accepted one of the last two Boeing 717s delivered in a ceremony with AirTran Airways, who accepted the other 717. Midwest also announced that select MD-80 aircraft would leave the fleet.

In May 2005, Midwest announced a new buy-on-board meal service for customers. The new program was a change from the previous 'In-flight Cafe' and featured chefs and inspiration from the renowned Mader's restaurant. Chocolate chip cookies continued to be baked on the plane and served warm.

Midwest became the largest longstanding operation at Mitchell Airport and served 21 cities non-stop (serving San Antonio only through Kansas City), while its regional partner Skyway Airlines, operating as Midwest Connect, served nearly 30 destinations throughout the Central United States.

On May 17, 2007, Midwest Airlines signed a Memorandum of Understanding with Northwest Airlines to form a code share agreement with them. The code share agreement added 250 city pairs and 1,000 new flight options for Midwest Airlines customers. Northwest routes that included the Midwest Airlines YX code were destinations beyond Northwest's hubs at Detroit, Minneapolis/St. Paul and Memphis throughout the United States and Canada. Midwest placed its code on Northwest flights from Indianapolis, then a Northwest focus city, as well as a number of Northwest-operated flights to Hawaii and Alaska. Routes operated by Midwest Airlines that carried the NW Northwest code were flights that connected at Midwest's Milwaukee and Kansas City hubs, as well as Omaha, a Midwest focus city.^[14] Northwest also code shared on Midwest Airlines-operated flights between Milwaukee and Kansas City to Atlanta, Boston, Hartford, Los Angeles and San Francisco that connected to the Northwest/KLM trans-Atlantic network and trans-Pacific network.

Midwest won more awards for exceptional service in Condé Nast Traveler magazine than any other U.S. airline, although it won no further awards from the magazine after ceasing to be an independent company.{{citation needed|date=March 2016}}

Signature and Saver service added

On May 29, 2007, Midwest announced the next phase of the company's strategic plan, which offered customers the choice of Signature and Saver seating on all flights.^[15] The dual-seating option, replacing the original 88-seat configuration, was available on the airline's Boeing 717s until their retirement. The same amenities were provided to all passengers in either cabin, including leather seats.

The new configuration consisted of 40 Signature leather seats, arranged in 10 rows of two-by-two, offering a 36" pitch and providing 2-3 more inches of legroom than the previous Signature seating,^[16] and 59 Saver seats arranged two-by-three which the company claimed were among the roomiest coach seats in the industry.^[17]

The company projected that the implementation of seating choices would generate $30–35 million in annualized revenue.^[18]

The addition of 11 seats on each of the airline's 9 Boeing 717 aircraft would have reduced the airline's unit costs by increasing capacity 12.5%. Had the new seating configuration on the Boeing 717s been in effect in 2006, Midwest Airlines' cost per available seat mile excluding fuel of 7.22 cents would have been 6.77 cents, a 6.3% improvement.{{Citation needed|date=April 2009}}

Acquisition by TPG

In December 2006, AirTran Holdings Inc.—owner of AirTran Airways—made public that in December 2005 it had approached the Board of Directors of Midwest Air Group—owner of Midwest Airlines and Midwest Connect—and had asked the board to negotiate a sale of the company. That AirTran offer in 2005 was rebuffed by Midwest's board, which also rebuffed a second offer in late 2006. In December 2006, AirTran disclosed the rejection of both offers in hopes of bringing shareholder pressure on Midwest's board to reconsider, which the board recommended that shareholders reject.^[19]

On August 12, 2007, it was announced that AirTran had lost the bid for Midwest. A private equity group, headed by TPG Capital and including Northwest Airlines, purchased Midwest and turned the airline into a privately funded company. The inclusion of Northwest in the investing partners required anti-trust review from the United States Department of Justice, which reviews all airline mergers.^[20]

On August 14, 2007, AirTran increased its offer to the equivalent of $16.25 a share, slightly more than the $16 a share from TPG Capital investors group.^[21] However, Midwest announced TPG would increase its offer to $17 per share and a definitive agreement had been reached late on August 16, 2007.^[22]

On August 17, 2007 TPG and Northwest Airlines finalized their bid for Midwest with the final offer of $17 per share and a total deal of $450 million.

On February 1, 2008, Midwest Air Group announced that the US Department of Justice had cleared the acquisition of Midwest by TPG Capital and Northwest. This finalized the acquisition; trading of Midwest Air Group on the American Stock Exchange ceased at the end of the trading day on January 31, 2008, and stockholders in Midwest received the agreed-upon $17 per share. This ended the independent existence of Midwest Airlines.

In accordance with the rest of the airline industry during the oil price increases since 2003, Midwest Airlines was forced to cut back services. To do this, Midwest Airlines announced its intent to retire the 12 remaining McDonnell Douglas MD-80 jets in its fleet. According to the company, the MD-80 was "a very fuel inefficient airplane and at the cost of fuel today it's just become economically infeasible to operate these planes." The MD-80s, and the crews that operated them, left Midwest in late 2008.^[23]

TPG Capitals Midwest Air Group failed to pay a $3.3 million^[24] receivable due the outsourced regional airline replacement for Skyway Airlines which previously d/b/a as Midwest Connect. SkyWest was due the amount by June 30, 2008 forcing SkyWest Airlines to record a full reserve and corresponding reduction in revenue during the second quarter of that year.

Additional changes were announced on September 3, 2008, when the airline announced that it had raised $60 million from TPG, Northwest Airlines, and Republic Airways Holdings. As part of the outsourcing deal, Republic Airlines operated 12 Embraer 170 aircraft under the Midwest Airlines brand, though Midwest had the option to convert the aircraft into a long-term lease and operate them directly. The airline also reached an agreement with Boeing Capital to return 16 Boeing 717s, leaving it at the time with a fleet of only 9 aircraft.^[25]

Acquisition by Republic Airways Holdings

On June 23, 2009, Republic Airways Holdings, Inc announced they would acquire Midwest Airlines for $31 million. The deal closed on July 30.^[26] Midwest became a wholly owned subsidiary of Republic Airways and continued to operate under current branding.^[27] The Midwest Airlines FAA operating certificate expired on November 3, 2009. The acquisition by Republic occurred just 22 months after TPG and Northwest Airlines paid $450 million for Midwest. The total loss of investment by TPG and Northwest was 93% or $419 million.

Flight outsourcing

On September 3, 2008, Midwest Airlines announced its plan to outsource all of its flight operations to Republic Airways. Republic began operating 12 76-seat Embraer ERJ-170 jets under the Midwest Connect name while Midwest returned its 25 Boeing 717 planes to Boeing under a lease renegotiation.^[28] While this change caused the additional layoffs bringing the total of pink-slipped Midwest pilots to nearly 300^[29] and total employee cuts for the year to 1,850,^[30] Midwest indicated that it hoped to begin operating these new planes itself with Midwest crews in 8–12 months from that time.^[28] Additional aircraft from Republic were added to the operation in the form of larger Embraer ERJ-190s in August 2009.

The Midwest branch of the Air Line Pilots Association launched a campaign protesting the Midwest outsourcing plan shortly after it was announced. They argued that the pilots had already made significant concessions to help Midwest Airlines survive and that the company's new contract offers represented draconian demands.^[31]

Merge into Frontier

In early 2010, parent company Republic Airways Holdings announced that its Frontier and Midwest Airlines brands would merge by October 2011. On April 13, Republic announced that the Frontier Airlines name would be kept.^[32] Parts of the Midwest brand were incorporated into the Frontier brand as part of the merger, namely the iconic Midwest cookie and the slogan of Midwest Airlines, "The Best Care In The Air."^[32] Additionally, several Embraer aircraft retained the Midwest livery into late 2013 until their retirement or reassignment by Republic.

On October 1, 2010, midwestairlines.com was shut down for future reservations (besides frequent flyer tickets), and shut down completely on October 28. Users were then redirected to Frontier Airlines' website.

Midwest's YX code was retired in early November 2010 and adopted by Republic Airlines.

Possible revival of the Midwest brand (2017 - present)

In August 2017, reports surfaced that there are ongoing efforts to revive the Midwest brand. According to the Milwaukee Journal Sentinel, a group of people are trying to secure investors to relaunch the airline using the original Midwest Express brand.^[33]

Services

Destinations in 2010

This is a list of destinations that Midwest Airlines, operated by Frontier Airlines and Republic Airlines served as of April 2010. Midwest Connect destinations are not included.

Midwest Miles

Midwest Airlines' frequent flyer program was called Midwest Miles. It maintained one airport lounge, the Best Care Club at its Milwaukee hub in the D Concourse, until its closure on May 31, 2012.^[34]

While Midwest was not a member of any airline alliance, Midwest Miles were redeemable in the Delta Air Lines SkyMiles program, and vice versa. {{As of|2006}}, Northwest route maps showed Midwest as a partner airline and Northwest (now Delta) pulled its non-hub flights out of Milwaukee.

Midwest Miles was unusual in that it had links to the Amtrak program. Midwest Miles members could transfer blocks of {{convert|5000|mi|km}}, up to a maximum of 25,000 miles per year to Amtrak's program.{{Citation needed|date=May 2010}} Amtrak points could be used for travel on Amtrak and United Airlines (ex Continental Airlines).{{Citation needed|date=May 2010}}

A defining feature of the airline was the chocolate chip cookies baked on the aircraft and served during flights. The airline began serving the cookies after an employee experimented with different snacks on an empty leg of a charter flight.

The cookie was featured in Midwest advertisements, such as the "Save the Cookie" campaign in opposition to the proposed and failed AirTran takeover. The cookie was served during professional baseball games at Kauffman Stadium, as well as Bucks basketball and Admirals hockey games at Milwaukee's Bradley Center.^[35]

The cookie outlived the brand as it was briefly served on Frontier Airlines flights;^[36] the airline's branded cookie dough sold at Milwaukee-area grocery stores was subsequently re-labeled as a Frontier product until its discontinuation.^[37] Frontier announced in 2012 that the airline would discontinue its cookie service as a cost-per-value cut, and instead added Denver-based for-purchase snacks.^[38]

Fleet

Fleet at time of merger into Frontier

During the merger with Frontier Airlines, it was announced that the Midwest Airlines fleet of Embraers would not be merged into Frontier Airlines operating certificate; the two types of aircraft would continue to be crewed and operated separately by the two airlines.{{Citation needed|date=April 2010}}

Retired fleet

Onboard services

Until 2002, Midwest Express served gourmet meals on china along with complimentary alcoholic beverages. With the cost-cutting programs instituted following the post-September 11 industry downturn, this was changed to a buy on board food program, "Best Care Cuisine," with breakfast, lunch, and dinner meals available for purchase.^[44] Throughout the airline's existence, warm chocolate chip cookies were served on most flights.

Incidents and accidents

Livery

Midwest Express' original livery consisted of dark blue on the upper half, and white on the lower half. The two were separated by blue and red cheatlines with white in between, which ran up the trailing edge of the tail. The engines were white, and on the tail was a bold 'M' and a script 'E', representing the airline name, and the way the titles were printed on the fuselage. This scheme could still be found on one Beech 1900D of Midwest Connect, without the 'M E' on the tail, as late as 2005.^[47]

In 1989, the airline started to add the McDonnell Douglas MD-80 to the fleet, initially in the same livery. In the mid-1990s, the livery was substantially revised. The top half of the aircraft remained blue (albeit slightly brighter), but the bottom half was repainted light grey, along with the engines, and they were now separated by a gold, white, and red cheatline. The tail logo also underwent minor changes, adding a circle around the lettering and the same cheatline from the fuselage connecting the circle to the leading edge of the tail. Despite the unchanged lettering on the tail, the titles on the fuselage were changed to all bold letters, rather than the script "Express" titles.^[48]

In 2003, Midwest Express Airlines began to create a new identity, as the first Boeing 717's were being delivered, and the DC-9 aircraft were being retired. The company started with removing the "Express" from its name (and thus, off the fuselage), and it designed a new logo that would help point it out as a representative of Milwaukee. The result was a logo that looked much like a wing, with a small 'M' inside of it. However, if the logo is turned on its side, it bears a resemblance to the Milwaukee Art Museum, designed by Santiago Calatrava, which was being constructed at the same time. The Art Museum has risen as an icon of Milwaukee, and so the new Midwest Airlines felt this would be a good representation. Along with this new identity came a new livery. The bottom of the aircraft remained grey, while the top was repainted in a deeper blue, with essentially the same gold, white, and red cheatlines separating the two. On the lower half, there was also a blue swoop, starting at the front (looking much like another stripe), getting larger as it went back, until it covered the entire rear fuselage. The engines on these planes were painted in the same blue color, with four gold rings on the port engine, and three on the starboard. This was meant to represent the ranking of Captain and First Officer, along with where they sit. Only three MD-80 aircraft, registered N813ME, N822ME, and N823ME ever wore the full new livery; all other MD-80s wore a hybrid livery until retirement, combining the second Midwest Express livery with the current logo and titling of Midwest Airlines.^[49] In the transitional period, some MD-80s also received the new titles before the new tail logo, resulting in another variation on the livery.^[50]

References

1. ^Feb. 1, 1976 Official Airline Guide
2. ^"[https://web.archive.org/web/20081121092432/http://www.midwestairlines.com./AboutUs/Contact.aspx Contact Us]." Midwest Airlines. Archived November 21, 2008.
3. ^{{cite news|title=End Of Era Arrives: Midwest's Boeing 717 Lands For Good - Project Economy News Story - WISN Milwaukee|url=http://www.wisn.com/money/21501388/detail.html|work=WISN|date=November 2, 2009|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120222031332/http://www.wisn.com/money/21501388/detail.html|archivedate=February 22, 2012|df=mdy-all}}
4. ^{{cite news |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=JGxMAAAAIBAJ&sjid=3EQDAAAAIBAJ&pg=5004%2C5857912 |title=Gulfstream buys air services firm |newspaper=Rome News-Tribune |location=(Georgia) |agency=Bloomberg |date=July 26, 1998 |page=2E}}
5. ^Midwest history exhibit at Mitchell Museum of Flight at the Milwaukee Airport
6. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.airliners.net/photo/Untitled-(Midwest-Express/Convair-580/0203835/L/|title=Aviation Photo #0203835: Convair 580 - Untitled (Midwest Express Airlines)|website=Airliners.net}}
7. ^Flight International April 12–18, 2005
8. ^http://phx.corporate-ir.net/phoenix.zhtml?c=88626&p=irol-newsArticle&ID=57980&highlight={{dead link|date=September 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
9. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.marktravel.com/pressroom/midwest.asp|title=The Mark Travel Corporation - Leaders in the Leisure Travel Industry - Managing Vacation Package Brands for Top Airlines, Hoteliers & Tour Operators World-Wide|website=www.marktravel.com}}
10. ^http://www.departedflights.com, January 1, 1997 Midwest Express system timetable
11. ^http://www.departedflights.com, October 2, 1984 Midwest Express route map
12. ^http://www.departedflights.com, May 15, 1985 & November 1, 1986 Midwest Express route maps
13. ^http://www.departedflights.com, June 26, 2001 Midwest Express route map
14. ^[https://archive.is/20120630023521/http://phx.corporate-ir.net/phoenix.zhtml?c=88626&p=irol-newsArticle&ID=1003803&highlight= OMA is Midwest Focus City]
15. ^{{cite web|title=Boeing 717 - Midwest Airlines|url=http://www.midwestairlines.com/AboutUs/PlaneTypes/717.aspx|date=January 7, 2009|deadurl=bot: unknown|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090107013753/http://www.midwestairlines.com/AboutUs/PlaneTypes/717.aspx|archivedate=January 7, 2009|df=}}
16. ^http://www.midwestairlines.com/Templates/ContentTwoColumn.aspx?id=835{{dead link|date=September 2017}}
17. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.smartertravel.com/travel-advice/five-affordable-domestic-airlines.html?id=10229|title=Top five affordable domestic airlines for families - SmarterTravel|date=May 4, 2009|publisher=}}
18. ^{{cite news|last1=Daykin|first1=Tom|title=Midwest to offer fewer wide seats - JSOnline|url=http://www.jsonline.com/business/29390369.html|work=Milwaukee Journal Sentinel|date=May 30, 2007|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110606020312/http://www.jsonline.com/business/29390369.html|archivedate=June 6, 2011|df=mdy-all}}
19. ^{{cite news|last1=Fredrix|first1=Emily|title=Midwest Board to shareholders: Reject AirTran's offer|url=http://legacy.utsandiego.com/news/business/20070125-0920-midwest-airtran.html|work=San Diego Union-Tribune|agency=Associated Press|date=October 9, 2012|deadurl=bot: unknown|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20121009024013/http://legacy.utsandiego.com/news/business/20070125-0920-midwest-airtran.html|archivedate=October 9, 2012|df=mdy-all}}
20. ^{{cite news|last1=Daykin|first1=Tom|title=JS Online: Midwest to go private|url=http://www.jsonline.com/story/index.aspx?id=645803|work=Milwaukee Journal Sentinel|date=August 12, 2007|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929141122/http://www.jsonline.com/story/index.aspx?id=645803|archivedate=September 29, 2007|df=mdy-all}}
21. ^{{cite news|last1=Reed|first1=Dan|title=AirTran bids again for Midwest Air - USATODAY.com|url=https://usatoday30.usatoday.com/travel/flights/2007-08-14-airtran-midwest_N.htm|work=USA Today}}
22. ^Midwest announces agreement with TPG {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929125010/http://www.jsonline.com/story/index.aspx?id=648565 |date=September 29, 2007 }} (Milwaukee Journal Sentinel: August 16, 2007)
23. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.620wtmj.com/news/local/20600494.html|title=Midwest to Ground MD-80's, Slash Staff|publisher=}}
24. ^{{cite web|last1=Polek|first1=Gregory|title=SkyWest To Cut Midwest Flying: AINonline|url=http://www.ainonline.com/news/single-news-page/article/skywest-to-cut-midwest-flying-17885/|website=Aviation International News|date=June 17, 2011|deadurl=bot: unknown|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110617002433/http://www.ainonline.com/news/single-news-page/article/skywest-to-cut-midwest-flying-17885/|archivedate=June 17, 2011|df=mdy-all}}
25. ^{{cite news|title=Midwest Moves to Avoid Bankruptcy|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB122048343734796937?mod=googlenews_wsj|first=Susan|last=Carey|work=The Wall Street Journal|date=September 3, 2008|accessdate=September 3, 2008}}
26. ^{{cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/rbssIndustryMaterialsUtilitiesNews/idUSN3144771120090731|title=Republic Airways completes Midwest purchase|date=July 31, 2009|work=Reuters|accessdate=July 31, 2009|first=Karen|last=Jacobs}}
27. ^http://www.midwestairlines.com/AboutUs/CompanyNews/RepublicAcquiresMidwest_20090623_CN.aspx {{dead link|date=September 2017}}
28. ^¹{{cite web|url=http://www.midwestairlines.com/Templates/ContentTwoColumn.aspx?id=929|title=Midwest Airlines Announces Progress on Restructuring Plan|date=September 3, 2008|publisher=Midwest Airlines|accessdate=October 23, 2008}}{{Dead link|date=August 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
29. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.dontoutsourcemidwest.com/DesktopModules/ALPA_Documents/ALPA_DocumentsView.aspx?itemid=15922&ModuleId=12567&Tabid=73 |title=Midwest Pilots Express Outrage at Airline's Deal with Republic Airways |date=September 3, 2008 |publisher=Air Line Pilots Association |accessdate=October 23, 2008 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20111005092733/http://www.dontoutsourcemidwest.com/DesktopModules/ALPA_Documents/ALPA_DocumentsView.aspx?itemid=15922&ModuleId=12567&Tabid=73 |archivedate=October 5, 2011 |df= }}
30. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.jsonline.com/business/38824797.html|title=Midwest Airlines cutting 59 jobs|publisher=}}
31. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.dontoutsourcemidwest.com/Default.aspx?tabid=3561|title=dontoutsourcemidwest.com|publisher=Air Line Pilots Association|accessdate=October 23, 2008}}{{dead link|date=September 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
32. ^¹²{{cite news|url=http://www.jsonline.com/business/90750954.html|title=New name for Midwest-Frontier airline: Frontier|work=Milwaukee Journal Sentinel|first=Tom|last=Daykin|date=April 13, 2010|accessdate=April 13, 2010}}
33. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.jsonline.com/story/money/business/2017/08/14/reviving-midwest-express-100-million-and-good-cookie-recipe/556010001/|title=Reviving Midwest Express: $100 million and a good cookie recipe|publisher=Milwaukee Journal Sentinel|first=Joe|last=Taschler}}
34. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.bizjournals.com/milwaukee/blog/2012/06/frontier-airlines-best-care-club.html?page=all|title=Frontier Airlines’ Best Care Club officially closes; future of site uncertain|publisher=Milwaukee Business Journal|accessdate=October 26, 2012}}
35. ^My Midwest Inflight Magazine » Welcome {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070629214334/http://mymidwestmagazine.com/2007/05/01/welcome-2/ |date=June 29, 2007 }}
36. ^{{cite web|title=Republic Airways Announces Branding Decision|url=http://frontierair.tekgroupweb.com/article_display.cfm?article_id=5185|website=Frontier Airlines Newsroom|date=April 13, 2010|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100416160935/http://frontierair.tekgroupweb.com/article_display.cfm?article_id=5185|archivedate=April 16, 2010|df=mdy-all}}
37. ^Daykin, Tom. "Frontier's new face takes shape." Milwaukee Journal-Sentinel. July 10, 2010. Retrieved on July 20, 2010.
38. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.jsonline.com/business/frontier-airlines-says-goodbye-to-the-cookie-ap4qm28-145716075.html|title=Frontier Airlines says goodbye to the cookie|publisher=}}
39. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.midwestairlines.com/AboutUs/PlaneTypes.aspx |title=Plane Types|publisher=Midwest Airlines |accessdate=October 1, 2008 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20081121080507/http://www.midwestairlines.com./AboutUs/PlaneTypes.aspx |archivedate=November 21, 2008 |df= }}
40. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.euroinvestor.com/news/2009/10/14/republic-airways-to-acquire-10-embraer-190ar-aircraft-from-us-airways/10673401|title=Republic Airways to Acquire 10 Embraer 190AR Aircraft from US Airways|website=EuroInvestor}}
41. ^http://www.midwestairlines.com/AboutUs/CompanyNews/RepublicASA_20090521.aspx {{dead link|date=September 2017}}
42. ^http://www.airliners.net, photos of Midwest Express DC-9-14 and DC-9-15 aircraft
43. ^http://www.airliners.net, photos of Midwest Express DC-9-32 aircraft
44. ^"Best Care Cuisine {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090107065425/http://www.midwestairlines.com./AboutUs/MidwestExperience/Cuisine.aspx |date=January 7, 2009 }}." Midwest Airlines. Retrieved on June 25, 2009.
45. ^{{cite web|url=http://abcnews.go.com/Blotter/Politics/story?id=5581453&page=1|title=EXCLUSIVE: FAA Tapes Reveal Drama of Obama Jet Incident|first1=Brian|last1=Ross|first2=Joseph|last2=Rhe |first3=Eric |last3=Longabardi|date=August 15, 2008|website=ABC News}}
46. ^{{cite web|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-politics-obama-plane/mechanical-problem-forces-obama-plane-to-land-idUSWBT00933320080707|title=Mechanical problem forces Obama plane to land|date=July 7, 2008|publisher=|via=Reuters}}
47. ^Midwest Express Airlines DC-9-30 in startup livery on Airliners.net
48. ^Midwest Express Airlines DC-9-10 in intermediate colors on Airliners.net
49. ^Midwest Airlines 717 in "Calatrava" livery on Airliners.net
50. ^Midwest MD-81 during the transition between names on Airliners.net

History

K-C Aviation

Midwest Express

Midwest Express destinations in 1984

Midwest Express destinations in 2001