“Subanon language”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

词条

Subanon language

释义

Internal classification
Phonology
Western Subanon Consonants Western Subanon Vowels Monophthongs Diphthongs
Example
References
External links

{{Infobox language
|name=Subanen
|altname=Subanon, Subanun
|nativename=Kalibugan, Kolibugan
|region=Western Mindanao
|speakers=400,000
|date=1978–2011
|ref=e18
|familycolor=Austronesian
|fam2=Malayo-Polynesian
|fam3=Philippine
|fam4=Greater Central Philippine
|lc1=syb |ld1=Central
|lc2=stb |ld2=Northern
|lc4=skn |ld4=Kolibugan
|lc3=suc |ld3=Western
|lc5=laa |ld5=Southern
|lc6=sfe |ld6=Eastern
|glotto=suba1253
|glottorefname=Subanen
}}

The Subanen language (also Subanon and Subanun) is an Austronesian language belonging to the Greater Central Philippine languages. It is typically considered by linguists as a dialect cluster more than a monolithic language. Subanon is spoken in various areas of Zamboanga Peninsula namely the provinces of Zamboanga Sibugay, Zamboanga del Norte and Zamboanga del Sur, and in Misamis Occidental of Northern Mindanao. There is also a sizeable Subanon community in Misamis Oriental. Most go by the name of Subanen, Subanon or Subanun, while those who adhere to Islam refer to themselves as Kalibugan.

Internal classification

Jason Lobel (2013:308) classifies the Subanen varieties as follows.

Subanen
- Western
- Western Subanon
- Western Kolibugan
- Nuclear
- West Nuclear
- Tawlet-Kalibugan Subanen
- Salug-Godod Subanen
- East Nuclear
- Southern Subanen
- Central Subanen
- Northern Subanen
- Eastern Subanen

Lobel (2013:308) lists the following innovations among each of the following subgroups.

Nuclear Subanen: k > Ø
Western Subanen: k > /k/
East Nuclear Subanen: r > /l/
West Nuclear Subanen: r > /r/
Western Subanen: r > /l/ (independently took place, likely due to contact with Tausug, Maguindanaon, Butuanon, Cebuano, and/or Ilonggo, which have also undergone the r > /l/ shift independently of one another)

Proto-Subanen is also notable for having completely lost Proto-Greater Central Philippine *h.

Lobel (2013) also provides a reconstruction of Proto-Subanen.

Phonology

Western Subanon has 15 native consonants. There is no phonemic contrast between velar and uvular consonants.^[1]

Western Subanon Consonants

**Consonant phonemes**
	Bilabial		Alveolar			Velar/ Uvular			Glottal
Plosive	{{IPA\|p}}	{{IPA\|b}}	{{IPA\|t}}	{{IPA\|d}}		{{IPA\|k}}~{{IPA\|q}}	{{IPA\|g}}~{{IPA\|ɢ}}		{{IPA\|ʔ}}
Fricative			{{IPA\|s}}						{{IPA\|h}}
Nasal		{{IPA\|m}}		{{IPA\|n}}			{{IPA\|ŋ}}
Approximant					{{IPA\|j}}			{{IPA\|w}}
Lateral approximant				{{IPA\|l}}

Western Subanon Vowels

Western Subanon has 5 vowels.^[1]

Monophthongs

Monophthongs
Front	Central	Back
High	i}}	u}}
Mid	e}}	o}}
Low	a}}

Diphthongs

The diphthongs of Western Subanon are /au/, /ua/, /io/, /oi/, /ai/, and /ia/.

Example

The chorus of the Western Subanon song Momula ita 'Let’s plant' is shown.^[1]

 ''Gumani ita'' We will harvest (or, Let’s harvest) ''Gumani ita'' We will harvest ''Landu’ da’da’an ta'' Great is our rejoicing ''Po’ gumani ita'' Because we will harvest ''Gumani ita'' We will harvest ''Gumani ita'' We will harvest ''Di’ na mobon sinsaan ta'' Our suffering will not last long ''Gumani ita'' We will harvest

References

1. ^¹²{{cite web|last1=Estioca|first1=Sharon Joy|title=Subanon (Spring 2015)|url=http://ling.hawaii.edu/ldtc/languages/subanon/|website=Language Documentation Training Center|publisher=University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa|accessdate=2 September 2017}}

Lobel, Jason William. 2013. Philippine and North Bornean languages: issues in description, subgrouping, and reconstruction. Ph.D. dissertation. Manoa: University of Hawai'i at Manoa.

External links

Audio recordings of Subanon are archived with Kaipuleohone, including a word list, sentences, and a traditional song

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