| 词条 | Subependymoma |
| 释义 |
| name = Subependymoma | synonyms = | image = Subependymoma - high mag.jpg | caption = Micrograph of a subependymoma showing the characteristic clustering of nuclei. H&E stain. | pronounce = | field = Neoplasms | symptoms = | complications = | onset = | duration = | types = | causes = | risks = | diagnosis = | differential = | prevention = | treatment = | medication = | prognosis = | frequency = | deaths = }} A subependymoma is a type of brain tumor; specifically, it is a rare form of ependymal tumor.[1]They are usually in middle aged people. Earlier, they were called subependymal astrocytomas.[2] The prognosis for a subependymoma is better than for most ependymal tumors,[2] and is considered a grade I tumor in the World Health Organization (WHO) classification. They are classically found within the fourth ventricle, typically have a well demarcated interface to normal tissue and do not usually extend into the brain parenchyma, like ependymomas often do.[3] SymptomsPatients are often asymptomatic, and are incidentally diagnosed. Larger tumours are often with increased intracranial pressure.[4] PathologyThese tumours are small, mo more than two centimeters across, coming from the ependyma. The best way to distinguish it from a subependymal giant cell astrocytoma is the size.[4] DiagnosisThe diagnosis is based on tissue, e.g. a biopsy. Histologically subependymomas consistent of microcystic spaces and bland appearing cells without appreciable nuclear atypia or mitoses. The nuclei tend to form clusters. On a CT, it often shows a less dense to equalle dense mass. If it is big, it may have parts that are cystic or calcific.[4]In 50-60% of cases, the tumor is in the fourth ventricle, while the second most common (30-40% of cases) location is the side ventricles. It is rare for it to be in the third ventricle or the central canal of the spinal cord.[4] TreatmentAsymptomatic cases may only need watchful waiting. If symptomatic, it can be surgically removed, and partial removal also carries an excellent prognosis.[4] PrognosisThe outlook of a cure is extremely favorable.[4] References1. ^{{cite journal |vauthors=Orakcioglu B, Schramm P, Kohlhof P, Aschoff A, Unterberg A, Halatsch ME |title=Characteristics of thoracolumbar intramedullary subependymomas |journal=J Neurosurg Spine |volume=10 |issue=1 |pages=54–9 |date=January 2009 |pmid=19119934 |doi=10.3171/2008.10.SPI08311 }} 2. ^{{cite journal |vauthors=Prayson RA, Suh JH |title=Subependymomas: clinicopathologic study of 14 tumors, including comparative MIB-1 immunohistochemical analysis with other ependymal neoplasms |journal=Arch. Pathol. Lab. Med. |volume=123 |issue=4 |pages=306–9 |date=April 1999 |pmid=10320142 |doi= 10.1043/0003-9985(1999)123<0306:S>2.0.CO;2|url=http://journals.allenpress.com/jrnlserv/?request=get-abstract&issn=0003-9985&volume=123&page=306|doi-broken-date=2019-02-19 }} 3. ^{{Cite journal | last1 = Hoeffel | first1 = C. | last2 = Boukobza | first2 = M. | last3 = Polivka | first3 = M. | last4 = Lot | first4 = G. | last5 = Guichard | first5 = JP. | last6 = Lafitte | first6 = F. | last7 = Reizine | first7 = D. | last8 = Merland | first8 = JJ. | title = MR manifestations of subependymomas. | journal = AJNR Am J Neuroradiol | volume = 16 | issue = 10 | pages = 2121–9 |year = 1995| doi = | pmid = 8585504 |url=http://www.ajnr.org/cgi/reprint/16/10/2121}} 4. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{Cite web|url=https://radiopaedia.org/articles/subependymoma|title=Subependymoma {{!}} Radiology Reference Article {{!}} Radiopaedia.org|last=Gaillard|first=Frank|website=radiopaedia.org|language=en|access-date=2018-04-15}} External links{{Medical resources| DiseasesDB = 34807 | ICD10 = | ICD9 = | ICDO = 9383/1 | OMIM = | MedlinePlus = | eMedicineSubj = | eMedicineTopic = | MeshID = }}{{Central nervous system tumors}} 1 : Brain tumor |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。