| 词条 | Sunrise (telescope) |
| 释义 |
| name = Sunrise Balloon-Borne Solar Observatory | names_list = | image = | image_caption = | image_alt = | image_size = | mission_type = Balloon-borne telescope | operator = Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research (MPS) | Harvard_designation = | COSPAR_ID = | SATCAT = | website = Official Page | mission_duration = 6 days (2009), 5 days (2013) | distance_travelled = | orbits_completed = | suborbital_range = | suborbital_apogee = | spacecraft = | spacecraft_type = | spacecraft_bus = | manufacturer = Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research Kiepenheuer Institute for Solar Physics High Altitude Observatory Lockheed Martin Solar and Astrophysics Laboratory Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía Grupo de Astronomía y Ciencias del Espacio | launch_mass = {{convert|2|tonnes|abbr=on}} | BOL_mass = | landing_mass = | dry_mass = | payload_mass = | dimensions = | power = 1.5 kW | launch_date = {{date|2009-06-08}} and {{date|2013-06-12}} | launch_rocket = Balloon | launch_site = Esrange Space Center Kiruna, Sweden | launch_contractor = | deployment_from = | deployment_date = | entered_service = | disposal_type = | deactivated = | destroyed = | last_contact = | recovery_by = | recovery_date = | decay_date = | landing_date = {{date|2009-06-14}} and {{date|2013-06-17}}[1][2] | landing_site = Nunavut, Canada
| programme = | previous_mission = | next_mission = | insignia = | insignia_caption = | insignia_alt = | insignia_size = }} The Sunrise balloon-borne solar observatory consists of a 1m aperture Gregory telescope, a UV filter imager, an imaging vector polarimeter, an image stabilization system and further infrastructure. The first science flight of Sunrise yielded high-quality data that reveal the structure, dynamics and evolution of solar convection, oscillations and magnetic fields at a resolution of around 100 km in the quiet Sun.[3] The strong absorption of UV radiation by the Earth's atmosphere makes it challenging to carry out ground-based observations at these wavelengths. A balloon mission reaching altitudes of above 30 km benefits from a reduction of UV absorption by 99%, making engineering solutions for the telescope easier. The launch site was in the arctic region to make uninterrupted observation of the Sun over several days possible. The telescope has a 1 metre primary mirror that directs the 1 kW of solar radiation to the first focal point where 99% of the radiation is reflected out of the telescope, the remaining light is transferred into several instruments.[4] The one metre diameter primary mirror is made from a glass ceramic zerodur,[5] it is the central part of the gondola of nearly 2 tons. Solar panels of 1.5 kW output power are used to power the onboard equipment and a hard disk array of 2 x 2.4 Terabyte is used to store the data during flight.[4][6] Instruments
Flights
See also
References1. ^{{cite web | title=Sunrise - A balloon-borne solar telescope |url=http://www2.mps.mpg.de/en/projekte/sunrise/ | publisher=MPS}} 2. ^{{cite web |title=Brief instrument overview |url=http://star.mpae.gwdg.de/Sunrise/wp-content/uploads/SUNRISE_instruments.pdf |publisher=Sunrise consortium |format=PDF |accessdate=1 February 2014}} 3. ^{{cite web | author=Sami Solanki | title=First results from the Sunrise mission | url=http://star.mpae.gwdg.de//Sunrise/project/publicat/First_results_from_the_Sunrise_mission.pdf | publisher=Astronomical Society of the Pacific | authorlink=Sami Solanki }} 4. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite journal | title = SUNRISE: High resolution UV/VIS observations of the sun from the stratosphere | doi = 10.1016/j.asr.2007.09.024 | journal = Advances in Space Research | volume = 42 | issue = 1 | year = 2008 | pages = 70–77 | url = http://www.mps.mpg.de/dokumente/publikationen/solanki/j260.pdf | last1 = Barthol | first1 = P | last2 = Gandorfer | first2 = A | last3 = Solanki | first3 = S | last4 = Knolker | first4 = M | last5 = Pillet | first5 = V | last6 = Schmidt | first6 = W | last7 = Title | first7 = A | bibcode=2008AdSpR..42...70T}} 5. ^{{cite journal | arxiv = 1009.3196 | title = The Wave-Front Correction System for the Sunrise Balloon-Borne Solar Observatory|bibcode = 2011SoPh..268..103B |doi = 10.1007/s11207-010-9676-3 | year = 2010 | last1 = Berkefeld | first1 = T. | last2 = Schmidt | first2 = W. | last3 = Soltau | first3 = D. | last4 = Bell | first4 = A. | last5 = Doerr | first5 = H. P. | last6 = Feger | first6 = B. | last7 = Friedlein | first7 = R. | last8 = Gerber | first8 = K. | last9 = Heidecke | first9 = F. | journal = Solar Physics | volume = 268 | pages = 103 | last10 = Kentischer | first10 = T. | last11 = Lühe | first11 = O. | last12 = Sigwarth | first12 = M. | last13 = Wälde | first13 = E. | last14 = Barthol | first14 = P. | last15 = Deutsch | first15 = W. | last16 = Gandorfer | first16 = A. | last17 = Germerott | first17 = D. | last18 = Grauf | first18 = B. | last19 = Meller | first19 = R. | last20 = Álvarez-Herrero | first20 = A. | last21 = Knölker | first21 = M. | last22 = Martínez Pillet | first22 = V. | last23 = Solanki | first23 = S. K. | last24 = Title | first24 = A. M. }} 6. ^{{cite journal | last1 = Schmidt | first1 = W. | last2 = Solanki | first2 = S.K. | last3 = Barthol | first3 = P. | last4 = Berkefeld | first4 = T. | last5 = Gandorfer | first5 = A. | last6 = Knölker | first6 = M. | last7 = Martínez Pillet | first7 = V. | last8 = Schüssler | first8 = M. | last9 = Title | first9 = A. | title = SUNRISE - Impressions from a successful science flight | journal = Astronomische Nachrichten | volume = 331 | pages = 601 | year = 2010 | doi = 10.1002/asna.201011383 | bibcode=2010AN....331..601S | issue = 6 }} 7. ^{{cite web |title=Giant SUNRISE Telescope Successfully Launched |url=http://www.spaceref.com/news/viewpr.html?pid=28387 |work=Spaceref |accessdate=1 February 2014 |date=8 June 2009 |quote=The giant telescope SUNRISE was launched from Esrange Space Center in northern Sweden. At 08.05 (local time) this morning, the largest balloon born telescope ever took off from Swedish Space Corporation's (SSC) launch facility at Esrange Space Center in northern Sweden.}} 8. ^{{cite web | url = http://www.spiegel.de/wissenschaft/weltall/0,1518,629179,00.html | publisher = Spiegelonline | title = Deutsche Forscher starten Sonnenteleskop "Sunrise" | accessdate =2009-06-08 | language = german}} 9. ^{{cite web | url = http://www2.mps.mpg.de/projects/sunrise/scienceblog/index_en.html | publisher = MPS | title = Sunrise Science-Blog}} 10. ^{{cite web |url = http://www.csbf.nasa.gov/sweden/sweden.htm |title = Esrange website |deadurl = yes |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20131021094907/http://www.csbf.nasa.gov/sweden/sweden.htm |archivedate = 21 October 2013 |df = dmy-all}} 11. ^{{cite web |title=SUNRISE, successfully lifted off on June 12 |url=http://www.sscspace.com/sunrise-successfully-lifted-up-this-morning |publisher=SSC group |accessdate=1 February 2014 |quote=SUNRISE was successfully launched from Esrange Space Center on June 12, 2013 at 05.38 UTC.}} External links
3 : Balloon-borne telescopes|Solar telescopes|Ultraviolet telescopes |
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