| 词条 | Superior Oil Company Building |
| 释义 |
| name =Superior Oil Company Building | nrhp_type = | image = Superior Oil Company Building, Los Angeles.JPG | caption = The former Superior Oil Company Building, 2008 | location= 550 S. Flower St., Los Angeles, California | coordinates = {{coord|34|3|1|N|118|15|22|W|display=inline,title}} | locmapin = USA Los Angeles Metropolitan Area#California#USA | area = | built =1955-1956 | architect= Beelman, Claud; Simpson, William | architecture= Modern | added = February 28, 2003 | governing_body = Private | refnum=03000059 [1] | designated_other1 = Los Angeles | designated_other1_number = 686 }} The Superior Oil Company Building, currently The Standard Downtown LA and previously the Bank of California Building,[2] is a 12-story marble-clad highrise building located at 550 S Flower St in Downtown Los Angeles. The office building was refurbished as a hotel in 2002. HistoryConstruction and office buildingThe marbled-clad Superior Oil Company Building was constructed in 1952[3] as an office building by the Keck family[3] to serve as the headquarters for Superior Oil Company.[4] Completed in 1955, the Modern architecture 12 story structure was designed by Claud Beelman and builder William Simpson.[6] It was given distinctive marble, granite, and stainless-steel surfaces.[3] According to the Los Angeles Times, it became "one of the area's most significant examples of the postwar modernism style popular in corporate architecture during the 1950s."[3] In 1963 it became the southern California headquarters of the Bank of California,[9] and for a time the building was called the Bank of California Building.[2] The Bank of America later merged into Union Bank of California,[3] and by 1980, it was officially known as the Union Bank of California building.[5] The building became empty in 1992, after the bank was merged into Union Bank of California.[3] National Register and hotelBy 2000, the office building was empty, and local preservation groups had expressed worries that it would be gutted and used as a telecommunications switching station, like other office buildings in the area. In January 2000, it was reported that the building's owner, the Union Bank of California, had sold the building to Columbia Development, "a Manhattan Beach-based hotel investment and development firm." The sale price was not disclosed at the time. With backing from local preservation groups, it was to be the "central city's first major new hotel in nearly a decade."[3] The Standard, part of Andre Balazs properties, had first opened a boutique in Hollywood in 1962.[3] William Gustafson and Mark Neumann of Columbia Development Group, in partnership with Bear Stearns, JPMorgan Partners and Standard Holdings, converted the office building into The Standard Downtown LA, operated by Standard Hotels. In 2002, The Standard opened the building as a boutique hotel,[16] putting in a rooftop pool with a dance area, German beer garden, and space for DJs and pool parties on the 12th floor.[6] The 2002 renovation was designed by Koning Eizenberg Architecture, Inc.[7] and was constructed by Sam Martel of Taisei Construction. Christy McAvoy of Historical Resources Group was the historic preservation consultant. In 2003, the building was added to the National Register of Historic Places based on its architecture, particularly its moderne style and engineering.[2] Also in 2003, The Downtown Standard Hotel was awarded the Los Angeles Conservancy's preservation award, for "bringing a youthful buzz to a 1955 modernist skyscraper on Flower Street downtown."[8] In 2009, the operator of the Standard Hotel was charged with dumping pool chemicals into the street below in a violation of federal environmental laws.[9] Standard Hotel pled guilty for the incident in 2010.[10] A shooting resulted in a death outside the hotel lobby in 2015.[11][12] In 2016, an injured bystander to the shootout sued the hotel, alleging insufficient security.[13] In May 2017, the food festival Smorgasburg LA debuted a popup residency at the Standard Hotel.[14][15] Architectural featuresThe 1953 tower was designed by Claud Beelman, and the tower shows "how the oft-overlooked Beelman advanced the type and style of mid-century office buildings."[28] According to the LA Conservancy website, the building is "one of the finest examples of the Corporate Moderne style in Los Angeles and stands out as one of the strongest designs of architect Claud Beelman’s later career."[16] The architecture represents a "simplified, abstracted redefinition" of Beelman's earlier explorations in the Late Moderne styles, also incorporating Modernist principles to "create a refined new corporate idiom." The building uses steel framing and a "pier and spandrel system" similar to those pioneered by Louis Sullivan. In a twist, however, the piers are clad in white marble and the recessed spandrels are ribbed stainless steel between window spaces, emphasizing the vertical nature of the architecture.[16] The building's design featured motifs particular to Superior Oil, including stylized "S" door pulls for the entrances and a bas-relief-style metal sculpture of an oilfield and refinery landscape above the Flower Street entrance interior. As a hotelThe building was rehabilitated in 2002 by Koning Eizenberg Architecture, Inc.[16][28] It was remade into a hotel with 207 rooms,[4] a rooftop pool and bar,[28] space for DJs and pool parties,[6] a rooftop beer garden,[4][6] a ping pong club, and a 24-hour restaurant[4] and lobby lounge. In 2011, Los Angeles Weekly included the building's rooftop restaurant as number 5 on its "Top 10 Restaurants in Buildings Designed by Significant Los Angeles Architects" list.[17] The pool on the roof has three "water-bed cabanas housed in plastic pods that resemble something out of a 1960s sci-fi movie."[18] Film appearancesThe building entrance and exterior served as the fictional Brent Building in the television series Perry Mason (1957–1966) wherein Mason's office[19] was located in Suite 904. In the 1987 film Robocop the building can be seen in the 6000 SUX car commercial. See also
References1. ^{{NRISref|2008a}} 2. ^1 2 "California - Los Angeles County", National Register of Historic Places 3. ^1 2 3 4 5 "'50s-Era Downtown High-Rise Slated to Be Turned Into Hotel", Jesus Sanchez, Los Angeles Times, January 25, 2000 4. ^1 2 3 Standard Hotel, Downtown Los Angeles website 5. ^"The Many Lives of Downtown LA", Standard Hotels, January 20, 2015 6. ^1 2 3 [https://www.cnn.com/travel/article/los-angeles-best-hotel-pools/index.html "L.A. hotel pools: 6 that make a real splash"], Jordan Rane, CNN, October 20, 2017 7. ^1 2 "The Standard", American Institute of Architects, November 16, 2012 8. ^"Preservation projects praised", Christopher Reynolds, Los Angeles Times, March 30, 2003 9. ^[https://archives.fbi.gov/archives/losangeles/press-releases/2009/la012909ausa.htm "Operator of Standard Hotel in Los Angeles Charged in Dumping of Chemicals that Caused Illnesses in Subway"], January 29, 2009, FBI 10. ^"Standard Hotel pleads guilty to dumping pool chemicals down rooftop drain", Corina Knoll, Los Angeles Times, March 23, 2010 11. ^"1 killed in shooting outside The Standard Hotel in downtown Los Angeles", ABC, December 13, 2015 12. ^"1 Dead, 1 Paralyzed In Shooting Inside Lobby Of Standard Hotel In Downtown Los Angeles", CBS, December 13, 2015 13. ^"Man Sues Standard Hotel in Dowtown L.A. for 2015 Shooting", LA Watts Times, June 2, 2016 14. ^"Smorgasburg LA Is Debuting A Rooftop Pop-Up At The Standard" {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171109111635/http://laist.com/2017/05/15/smorgasburg_la_pop_up.php |date=2017-11-09 }}, Oren Peleg, LAist, May 15, 2017 15. ^"Smorgasburg Is Coming to The Standard Hotel Downtown", Katherine Spiers, LA Weekly, May 13, 2017 16. ^1 2 3 [https://www.laconservancy.org/locations/standard-downtown-la "The Standard, Downtown LA"], laconservancy.org 17. ^1 2 3 "Top 10 Restaurants in Buildings Designed by Significant Los Angeles Architects", Jessica Ritz, Los Angeles Weekly, January 26, 2011 18. ^"The Standard Downtown L.A. - Best Of :: Arts & Entertainment", Jennifer Swann, Los Angeles Weekly, 2013 19. ^1 "The Brent Building", Perry Mason TV Series External links
11 : Buildings and structures in Downtown Los Angeles|Skyscraper hotels in Los Angeles|Oil company headquarters in the United States|ExxonMobil buildings and structures|Los Angeles Historic-Cultural Monuments|Commercial buildings on the National Register of Historic Places in Los Angeles|Hotel buildings on the National Register of Historic Places in Los Angeles|Office buildings completed in 1955|1955 establishments in California|1950s architecture in the United States|Modernist architecture in California |
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