“Surname law”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Icelandic law enforces the conventions of Icelandic names, which require that the last name be derived from a given name of the father or mother, suffixed with "-son" or "-dóttir". The law allows both derivations to be used, and for foreign last names to be inherited or kept by foreigners. This means that a father, mother, and child will all typically have different last names.^[1] Foreigners who marry an Icelander and get Icelandic citizenship can take the last name of their partner, or a patronym or matronym from the name of a parent or parent-in-law; these possibilities are not necessarily open to native Icelanders.^[2]

Iran

Japan

A law in Japan dating from 1896 requires a married couple to have a common surname. Most commonly it was the wife who took her husband's name. In 2011, this law was challenged as unconstitutional on gender equality grounds, but the Supreme Court of Japan upheld the law in 2015.^[4]

Prussian ruled Poland

Prussia tasked the implementation of surnames to E. T. A. Hoffmann.^[5]^[6]^[7]^[8]^[9]^[10]^[11]^[12]^[13]

Thailand

According to the current law, Person Name Act, BE 2505 (1962), to create a new Thai name, it must not be longer than ten Thai letters, excluding vowel symbols and diacritics.^[14] The same law also forbids the creation of a surname that duplicated any existing surnames, but there are some duplicates dating to the time before computer databases were available to prevent this.^[15] Some creations added the name of their location (muban, tambon or amphoe) into surnames, similar to family name suffixes.^[16]^[17]^[18]

Turkey

On 21 June 1934, Turkey adopted the Surname Law which required all its citizens to adopt and use Western-style surnames. Only names with Turkish origin were permitted, and non-Turks with pre-existing surnames were required to adopt new Turkish names.

See also

References

1. ^http://wsimag.com/culture/2248-the-peculiarities-of-icelandic-naming
2. ^http://icelandreview.com/stuff/ask-ir/2014/07/11/icelandic-naming-laws
3. ^https://web.archive.org/web/20060912101324/http://www2.hawaii.edu/~majid/draft_papers/secularization/secularization.html
4. ^https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/dec/16/japanese-court-rules-married-women-cannot-keep-their-surnames
5. ^http://www.mrshea.com/germusa/customs/davies.htm
6. ^http://www.researcheasterneurope.org.uk/genealogy-research/bestowing-jewish-surnames-in-partitioned-poland
7. ^http://www.bluebirdresearch.com/2010/06/bestowing-jewish-surnames-in-partitioned-poland/
8. ^http://superbeefy.com/why-did-jewish-immigrants-from-europe-change-their-names-when-they-arrived-in-north-america/
9. ^http://newsgroups.derkeiler.com/Archive/Soc/soc.genealogy.jewish/2005-08/msg00168.html
10. ^http://crookedtimber.org/2007/02/22/trees-flowers-mountains-stones/
11. ^{{cite book|author=Norman Davies|title=Europe: A History|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jrVW9W9eiYMC&pg=PA169#v=onepage&q=Hoffmann&f=false|year=1996|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=978-0-19-820171-7|pages=169, 731}}
12. ^{{cite book|author=Leopold Tyrmand|title=Diary 1954|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FnfYAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA362&lpg=PA362&dq=E.T.A.+Hoffmann+surnames&source=bl&ots=btf9t8trpp&sig=n0E1tI5VY2U53yDtE8bn6hQhI6I&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi509K1yuvLAhUD7SYKHbOBAe8Q6AEIWTAI#v=onepage&q=E.T.A.%20Hoffmann%20surnames&f=false|date=31 March 2014|publisher=Northwestern University Press|isbn=978-0-8101-6749-0|pages=362–}}
13. ^{{cite book|author=Doug Lennox|title=Now You Know Absolutely Everything: Absolutely every Now You Know book in a single ebook|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xBBMAgAAQBAJ&pg=PT452&lpg=PT452&dq=E.T.A.+Hoffmann+surnames&source=bl&ots=I9Wgd5pfSF&sig=FgA-ONrFXbSbDDvlJW88mHaWyxs&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi509K1yuvLAhUD7SYKHbOBAe8Q6AEIXDAJ#v=onepage&q=E.T.A.%20Hoffmann%20surnames&f=false|date=6 December 2013|publisher=Dundurn|isbn=978-1-4597-2478-5|pages=452–}}
14. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.royin.go.th/th/knowledge/detail.php?ID=1929|date=|accessdate=2014-12-28|script-title=th:เรื่องของนามสกุล (๑)|author=รศ. ดร.นิตยา กาญจนะวรรณ|publisher=Royal Institute of Thailand|language=th|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141228112902/http://www.royin.go.th/th/knowledge/detail.php?ID=1929|archivedate=2014-12-28|df=}}
15. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.royin.go.th/th/knowledge/detail.php?ID=1928|date=|accessdate=2014-12-28|script-title=th:เรื่องของนามสกุล (๒)|author=รศ. ดร.นิตยา กาญจนะวรรณ|publisher=Royal Institute of Thailand|language=th|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141228112833/http://www.royin.go.th/th/knowledge/detail.php?ID=1928|archivedate=2014-12-28|df=}}
16. ^{{cite web | url=http://www.encyclopediathai.org/thaihis/namekorat.htm |date=1995 | accessdate=2014-12-28|script-title=th:นามสกุลชาวโคราช |trans-title=Surnames of Korat people |author=สุวรรณ ทำเสมอดี |publisher= |quote=ในจังหวัดนครราชสีมาหรือโคราชนั้น นิยมตั้งนามสกุลตามภูมิลำเนาที่เกิด หรืออยู่อาศัย ใช้ชื่อตำบล อำเภอ และหมู่บ้านเป็นส่วนท้ายของนามสกุล |language=th}}
17. ^{{cite web | url=http://province.m-culture.go.th/nakhonratchasima/data/data_amphur/nonsong.doc |date=| accessdate=2014-12-28|title= อำเภอโนนสูง |trans-title=Non Sung District|quote=ชาวอำเภอโนนสูง ส่วนใหญ่ จะมีนามสกุล ลงท้ายด้วยคำว่า "กลาง" ซึ่งเป็นชื่อเดิมของอำเภอ เป็นส่วนใหญ่ ซึ่งเป็นเอกลักษณ์ของชาวอำเภอโนนสูง เช่นเดียวกับอำเภออื่น ๆ ในจังหวัดนครราชสีมา ที่นิยมลงท้ายนามสกุลด้วยชื่ออำเภอ|author= |publisher=Ministry of Culture (Thailand) }}{{DOClink}}{{th icon}}
18. ^{{cite web |url=http://phutthaisongmncp.go.th/?name=page&file=index&id=136 |title=ต้นตระกูลไธสง |accessdate=2014-12-28 |deadurl=bot: unknown |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20141201143803/http://phutthaisongmncp.go.th/?name=page&file=index&id=136 |archivedate=December 1, 2014 |df= }} {{Th icon}}

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