| 词条 | Swiss-American Congregation |
| 释义 |
The Swiss-American Congregation is an association of Benedictine monasteries founded in 1881 in the United States, as a part of the international Benedictine Confederation of monasteries. HistoryDuring the 19th century, a number of Benedictine monasteries had been founded in the United States by monks coming from monasteries in the German-speaking region of Switzerland. The fortunes of Roman Catholic institutions in Switzerland were turbulent, especially in the 19th century. All were dissolved as a consequence of the French Revolution in 1798, but were restored by Napoleonic decree in 1803, with the exception of the Abbey of St. Gall, where the Prince-Abbot refused to make the necessary political concessions. The anti-monastic policies of the Swiss cantons, however, later brought about the dissolution of monasteries in Pfäfers (1838), Muri (1841), Fischingen (1848) and Rheinau (1863).[1] The outlook for Swiss Roman Catholics during the Kulturkampf was so bleak that the ancient Abbeys of Einsiedeln and Engelberg began a program of establishing new monasteries in the United States, so that the remaining Swiss monasteries would have a refuge if they were all exiled. Those pioneer monks also were to serve the large number of German people who had emigrated there. As their offshoots, these new communities remained a part of Saithe Swiss Confederation of Benedictine monasteries.[1] By 1881 the number of such communities had grown that it was felt appropriate to separate them from the authority of the mother country. Accordingly, Pope Leo XIII authorized the creation of this congregation, under the patronage of the Immaculate Conception of the Blessed Virgin Mary.[2] Current statusThe Congregation, as of 2013, is composed of 16 abbeys or monasteries throughout the United States, British Columbia and Guatemala. There are a two dependent priories in Mexico and Guatemala. The Congregation numbers about 500 monks.[3] Current members
References1. ^1 {{cite web|url=http://www.kath.ch/skz/skz-2002/schweiz/sc26.htm|work=Kirche in der Schweiz|title=400 Jahre Schweizerische Benediktinerkongregation|last=Schenker|first=Lukas, Abt|language=de}} 2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.osb.org/swissam/|work=The Swiss-American Benedictine Congregation|title=Home}} 3. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.osb.org/swissam/catalog.html|work=The Swiss-American Benedictine Congregation|title=Catalog of Monasteries}} 4. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.osb.org/swissam/addresses.html|work=The Swiss-American Benedictine Congregation|title=Catalog of Monasteries}} 3 : Benedictine congregations|1881 establishments in the United States|Religious organizations established in 1881 |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。