“Anhalt-Bernburg”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

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Anhalt-Bernburg

释义

History
Princes of Anhalt-Bernburg, 1252–1468
Princes of Anhalt-Bernburg, 1603–1807
Dukes of Anhalt-Bernburg, 1803–1863
Notes
References

{{more citations needed|date=October 2017}}{{Infobox country
|native_name = {{native name|de|Fürstentum (Herzogtum) Anhalt-Bernburg}}
|conventional_long_name = Principality (Duchy) of Anhalt-Bernburg
|common_name = Anhalt-Bernburg
|
|image_flag = Flag of Anhalt Duchies.png
|flag_type = 19th century flag
of Anhalt duchies
|image_coat = Shield of the Duchy of Anhalt.svg
|symbol = Coat of arms of Saxony-Anhalt
|symbol_type = 19th century arms
of Anhalt duchies
|image_map = AnhaltDK.png
|image_map_caption = Anhalt territories in 1853, Anhalt-Bernburg in green
|
|era = Middle Ages
|status = Principality
|status_text = State of the Holy Roman Empire (until 1806)
State of the Confederation of the Rhine (1806–13)
State of the German Confederation (from 1815)
|empire = Holy Roman Empire
|government_type = Principality
|
|year_start = 1252
|year_end = 1863
|life_span = 1252–1468

1603–1863
|
|event_start = Partitioned from Anhalt
|date_start =
|event1 = Inherited by Anhalt-Dessau
|date_event1 = 1468
|event2 = Repartitioned from Anhalt
|date_event2 = 1603
|event3 = Anhalt-Zeitz-Hoym partitioned away
|date_event3 =
1718–1812
|event4 = Raised to duchy
|date_event4 = 1803
|event_end = Anhalt re-united
|date_end =
|
|p1 = Principality of Anhalt
|image_p1 =
|s1 = Duchy of Anhalt
|flag_s1 = Flagge Herzogtum Anhalt.svg
|
|capital = Bernburg
|common_languages = Upper Saxon
|today = Saxony-Anhalt, Germany
|footnotes =
}}

Anhalt-Bernburg was a principality of the Holy Roman Empire and a duchy of the German Confederation ruled by the House of Ascania with its residence at Bernburg in present-day Saxony-Anhalt. It emerged as a subdivision from the Principality of Anhalt from 1252 until 1468, when it fell to the Ascanian principality of Anhalt-Dessau. Recreated in 1603, Anhalt-Bernburg finally merged into the re-unified Duchy of Anhalt upon the extinction of the line in 1863.

History

It was created in 1252, when the Principality of Anhalt was partitioned among the sons of Henry I into Anhalt-Aschersleben, Anhalt-Bernburg and Anhalt-Zerbst. Bernburg was allotted to Henry's second son Bernhard I. When the line of Anhalt-Aschersleben became extinct in 1315, Prince Bernhard II of Anhalt-Bernburg claimed their territory, he could however not prevail against his cousin Albert, Bishop of Halberstadt.

After the ruling family became extinct upon the death of Prince Bernhard VI in 1468, Anhalt-Bernburg was inherited by Prince George I of Anhalt-Dessau. With Anhalt-Dessau it was inherited by Prince Joachim Ernest of Anhalt-Zerbst in 1561, who unified all Anhalt lands under his rule in 1570.

Re-united Anhalt was again divided in 1603 among Prince Joachim Ernest's sons into the lines of Anhalt-Dessau, Anhalt-Köthen, Anhalt-Plötzkau, Anhalt-Bernburg and Anhalt-Zerbst. His second son Prince Christian I took his residence at Bernburg. Christian's younger son Frederick established the separate Principality of Anhalt-Harzgerode in 1635, which existed until 1709. Prince Victor Amadeus of Anhalt-Bernburg inherited Anhalt-Plötzkau in 1665. Upon his death in 1718 his lands were further divided and the Principality of Anhalt-Zeitz-Hoym was created for his second son Lebrecht, which was reunited with Anhalt-Bernburg in 1812.

In 1803 Prince Alexius Frederick Christian of Anhalt-Bernburg was elevated to the rank of a duke by Emperor Francis II of Habsburg. His son Duke Alexander Karl however died without issue in 1863, whereafter Anhalt-Bernburg was inherited by Leopold IV, Duke of Anhalt-Dessau, re-uniting all Anhalt lands under his rule.{{sfn|Hertslet|1875|p=275}}

Princes of Anhalt-Bernburg, 1252–1468

1252–1287 Bernhard I
1287–1291 John I, son, co-regent with his brother
- 1287–1323 Bernhard II
1323–1348 Bernhard III, son of Bernhard II
1348–1354 Bernhard IV, son
1354–1374 Henry IV, brother
1374–1404 Otto III, brother
1404–1420 Bernhard V, son of Henry IV, co-regent with his cousin
- 1404–1415 Otto IV, son of Otto III
1420–1468 Bernhard VI, brother of Otto IV, left no male heirs

To Anhalt-Dessau

Princes of Anhalt-Bernburg, 1603–1807

1603–1630 Christian I, second son of Prince Joachim Ernest of Anhalt
1630–1656 Christian II, son
1656–1718 Victor Amadeus, son
1718–1721 Karl Frederick, son
1721–1765 Victor Frederick, son
1765–1796 Frederick Albert, son
1796–1803 Alexius Frederick Christian, son

Raised to duchy

Dukes of Anhalt-Bernburg, 1803–1863

1803–1834 Alexius Frederick Christian
1834–1863 Alexander Karl, son, died without issue

To re-united Anhalt

Notes

References

{{Citation |last=Hertslet |first=Edward |authorlink=Edward Hertslet |year=1875 |url=https://archive.org/details/mapofeuropebytre01hertuoft |title=The map of Europe by treaty; showing the various political and territorial changes which have taken place since the general peace of 1814 |location=London |publisher=Butterworths}}

{{Upper Saxon Circle}}{{States of the Confederation of the Rhine}}{{States of the German Confederation}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Anhalt-Bernburg, 1252 Duchy}}

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