1. Background

2. Gameplay

3. Development

4. Reception

5. References

6. External links

Sword of Aragon is a turn-based strategy and role-playing game developed and published by Strategic Simulations in 1989. It is also considered to be of the 4X genre. Set in the fictional land of Aragon, the games casts its protagonist as the duke of a city named Aladda. After assuming rule over the city and avenging his father's death, the protagonist embarks on a quest to unify the land through conquest. Accomplishing this goal entails developing cities, recruiting armies, and directing the troops on the fields of battle to victory. First published for MS-DOS, the game was ported to Amiga machines. Reception towards Sword of Aragon tended to be more positive than negative; reviewers called it an exciting game, but criticized its method of copy protection and cited problems with its documentation. There were also opinions that the game was more of a niche product, catering to hardcore strategists.

Background

Gameplay

The player begins a game by choosing a character class for the protagonist. The choices are warrior, knight, mage, priest, and ranger. Each class has an affinity to a certain class of soldier—warriors are more apt in leading infantry, and knights, cavalry. During battles, mages, rangers, and priests can also cast spells that damage foes, alter terrain, and heal friendly forces.^[1] The player can hire commanders of these classes to accompany the protagonist in his quest. After winning a number of battles, the player's character might receive offers of service from such commanders as well.^[2]

The game is principally split between city management and tactical combat.^[5] Gameplay is turn-based, alternating between player and computer, and much of the game is played on the World Map, a representation of the land of Aragon.^[3] Each turn on this map represents a month in the game. The map shows cities and the player's units; unexplored areas are blanked out until they have been explored by the player's units. By using the keyboard and mouse, the player moves a cursor to select units and cities, and issue orders via keystrokes.^[2] Cities under the player's control provide monthly income, which is supplemented by tributes from vassals and loot from battles.^[5] Income from a city is improved by expending funds to develop the city's economic sectors, such as agriculture and mining, or by increasing taxation. Tax rates, however, affect the loyalty of citizens; high taxes in a city lead to a decreasing population.^[4]

Armies are recruited in the cities, and their maintenance contributes to the monthly expenditure.^[2] Troops consist of infantry, cavalry, and bowmen.^[3] The game enters the tactical battle phase when enemies attack one of the player's cities that is garrisoned with troops, and when the player's forces move onto a hostile city. Encounters might also take place as the player's forces move on the World Map. On such occasions, the game switches the display to a large-scale map of the encounter. The battle maps differ from the World Map in that each spot has a limit on its number of occupants—a stacking limit.^[2] The player and computer take turns to deploy and move their forces. Units move at their standard pace or at a forced march to cover greater distances per turn in battles. Certain terrain gives defensive bonuses to their occupants, reducing the damage they suffer when coming under attack. Offensives take the form of melee, charges, missiles, and magic.^[4] The player has the option of letting the computer take control of his or her army to fight the battle.^[2] The game switches back to the World Map after a battle has concluded. Units that survive a battle gain experience points, improving their combat abilities on attaining certain numbers of experience points. They, with the exception of commanders, can also train in cities to improve their experience.^[6] Video games designer Alan Emrich considered Sword of Aragon{{'s}} gameplay typical of the "eXplore, eXpand, eXploit and eXterminate" nature of the 4X genre.^[7]

Development

Reception

The Lessers of Dragon magazine believed that while the game was exciting, it suffered several design flaws that made the game too difficult for them.^[1] The computer-controlled enemies constantly outpaced their economy and military might, and the game gave them no immediate opportunity to retreat their army when ambushed by superior forces, forcing them to suffer heavy losses.^[1] Conversely, Compute!{{'}}s Adam Starkweather found it too easy in later stages of the game, as his character's well-developed armies "steamroll" their way through the opposition.^[6] The Lessers and Amiga Joker{{'}}s Werner Hiersekorn felt the game ran slow on their computers,^[1][13] while Starkweather reflected that battles could take up to one and a half hours to complete.^[6] In 1990 and 1993 Computer Gaming World gave the game three-plus stars out of five, stating that it had "high playability".^[14][15]

Several video game observers doubted the classification of Sword of Aragon as a role-playing game. Science fiction and fantasy novelist Orson Scott Card and Amiga Computing{{'}}s Lucinda Orr considered it more of a strategy than a role-playing game.^[12] Minson was of like mind, and further elaborated that unlike the Dungeon and Dragon series of video games, Sword of Aragon failed to inspire players to identify themselves with the characters, giving a "coldly mechanical experience" instead.^[2] Datormagazin{{'}}s Hans Ekholm thought otherwise. He said the gameplay did not require any strategy, and considered Sword of Aragon "a fantasy role-playing/adventure game and nothing else".^[10]

Critics had minor criticisms with the game's quality when comparing to its contemporaries. Minson called its interface "old-fashioned",^[2] and Computer Gaming World said it was "clunky"^[4] and "marginal", a description it also gave the game's graphics.{{r|brooks199010}} Graphically, Orr and Zzap!64{{'}}s Phil King found the game "primitive", though "adequate".^[3][5] More troubling to several reviewers was the game's copy protection system. Ekholm was not pleased that he had to unfold a flimsy poster to identify the requested city. His copy was falling apart after several identifications.^[10] The game further frustrated him when it failed to acknowledge the correct key. The provided hints were incorrect, a situation also experienced by the Lessers.^[1][10] The inaccuracies were not restricted to the copy protection. Starkweather pointed out discrepancies in the documentation—several features of the game were either not explained or wrongly documented.^[6]

Ekholm dismissed Sword of Aragon for its flawed copy protection and perceived lack of strategy.^[10] Hiersekorn was more condemning; rating the game poorly for its graphics and sound, and confused by its presented lists of military and economic data, he called the game a "cheap clone".^[13] Regardless, such issues did not deter other reviewers from praising the game. Pleased with the large number of options to manage their cities and to order their armies in combat, they felt the game was deep and offered many exciting moments;^[1][3][5] Kritzen judged the system "challenging and ultimately rewarding."^[4] According to Retro Gamer magazine, "Sword of Aragon is considered by many to be the best fantasy wargame ever."^[16] Starkweather was equally pronounced in his opinion. He called Sword of Aragon addictive and was willing to overlook issues with the game, finding pleasure in formulating strategies and tactics to overcome the enemy.^[6]

References

External links

• {{moby game|id=/sword-of-aragon|name=Sword of Aragon}}

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