| 词条 | System Generation (OS) |
| 释义 |
| name = Operating System/360 | logo = | screenshot = | caption = | website = | developer = IBM | family = OS/360 and successors | source model = | released = | latest release version = 21.8 | latest release date = | preceded_by = | succeeded_by = OS/VS1, OS/VS2 (SVS), OS/VS2 (MVS), MVS/SE, MVS/SP Version 1, MVS/XA, MVS/ESA, OS/390, z/OS | latest preview version = | latest preview date = | frequently updated = | marketing target = | language = Algol 60, Assembler (E), Assembler (F), CLIST, COBOL (E, F and U), FORTRAN (E, G and H), PL/I (F), RPG | kernel type = N/A | userland = | ui = | license = none | working state = | supported platforms = S/360, S/370 | updatemodel = | package manager = }}{{Infobox OS | name = Operating System/Virtual Storage 2 (Single Virtual Storage) | developer = IBM | family = OS/360 and successors | latest release version = Release 1.7 | preceded_by = OS/360 | succeeded_by = OS/VS2 (MVS), MVS/SE, MVS/SP Version 1, MVS/XA, MVS/ESA, OS/390, z/OS | language = Assembler (XF), CLIST | license = none | supported platforms = S/370 }} System Generation (SysGen) is a two-stage process for installing or updating OS/360,[1][2] OS/VS1, OS/VS2 (SVS), OS/VS2 (MVS) and chargeable systems derived from them.[3][4][5][6][7] There are similar processes for, e.g., DOS/360, which this article does not cover. Also, some of the details have changed between releases of OS/360 and many details do not carry over to later systems. There are several reasons that IBM provided a system generation process rather than simply providing a mechanism to restore the system from tape to disk. System/360 did not have self-identifying I/O devices, and the customer could request installation of I/O devices at arbitrary addresses. As a result, IBM had to provide a mechanism for the cutomer to define the I/O configuration to OS/360. Also, OS/360 supported several different options; IBM needed a way for the customer to select the code appropriate for the options needed at a particular installation. The SysGen process runs as a series of jobs under the control of the operating system. For new installations, IBM provides a complete pre-configured driver system, which is intended only for preparing for and running the sysgen, not for production use. Prior to running the Sysgen, the customer must initialize a set of distribution volumes and restore a set of distribution libraries from tape to those volumes. These libraries include data that the sysgen process will copy to target libraries, input to utilities used by the sysgen process, macro definitions used by the sysgen process and load modules that the sysgen process will include when linking load modules into target libraries. Stage 1 is the compilation of a sequence of assembler macro instructions describing the configuration to be installed or updated. The assembler does not actually compile any object code, but instead compiles a series of PUNCH pseudo-ops in order to generate a job stream for Stage 2. As IBM changed the nomenclature for OS/360 options, it also changed the Sysgen macro definitions to use newer names for the options. The TYPE keyword on the CTRLPROG macro in the Stage 1 input specifies the type of control program. By Release 13 the old terms SSS, MSS and MPS had been replaced by PCP, MFT and MVT. The later M65MP type is a variation of MVT. The SCHEDULER macro in the Stage 1 input specifies the type of scheduler; Release 13 still used the values SEQUENTIAL and PRIORITY, but those were subsequently replaced by the values used for the TYPE keyword on the CTRLPROG macro. These types are
The GENERATE macro in the Sysgen input can be any of several types:
For MVT (either TYPE=MVT or TYPE=M65MP) with TSO, the TSOGEN macro plays the same role as GENERATE. Either macros analyzes the options specified on the previous macro calls and punches the Stage 2 job stream. The Stage 2 jobstream uses a variety of utilities, including the assembler and linkage editor. This process is now obsolete; it was initially[1] replaced by the use of SMP/E, IOCP[13] and MVSCP,[14][15][16] then later by SMP/E and Hardware Configuration Definition (HCD).[18] See also
References1. ^In stages, e.g., DFP V2 added MVSCP (see GC28-1615) but did not eliminate the sysgen process. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]2. ^1 {{cite manual | publisher = IBM | title = OS/VS System Generation Introduction VS1 Release 1 VS2 Release 1 | id = GC26-3790-1 | ref = GC26-3790-1 | edition = Second | date = September 1972 | mode = cs2}} 3. ^1 {{cite manual | publisher = IBM | title = OS/VS2 System Generation Reference VS2 Release 1 | id = GC26-3792-1 | ref = GC26-3792-1 | url = http://bitsavers.org/pdf/ibm/370/OS_VS2/Release_1.6_Mar73/GC26-3792-1_OS_VS2_System_Generation_Reference_Rel_1.6_Mar73.pdf | edition = Second | date = March 1973 | format = PDF | mode = cs2}} 4. ^1 {{cite manual | publisher = IBM | title = OS/VS2 System Programming Library: System Generation Reference Release 3.8 | id = GC26-3792-7 | ref = GC26-3792-7 | edition = Eighth | date = January 1979 | mode = cs2}} 5. ^1 {{cite manual | publisher = IBM | title = MVS/Extended Architecture Data Facility Product General Information | page = 17 | id = GC26-4142-4 | ref = GC26-4142-4 | edition = Fifth | date = May 1987 | mode = cs2}} 6. ^1 {{cite manual | publisher = IBM | title = MVS/Extended Architecture Data Facility Product Planning Guide | page = 18 | id = GC26-4147-2 | edition = Third | mode = cs2}} 7. ^1 {{cite manual | publisher = IBM | title = IBM System/360 Operating System Multiprogramming With a Fixed Number of Tasks (MFT) Concepts and Considerations | id = GC27-6926-0 | url = http://www.bitsavers.org/pdf/ibm/360/os/R13_Sep67/C27-6926-0_MFT_Concepts_Sep67.pdf | edition = First | date = October 1966 | mode = cs2}} 8. ^1 {{cite manual | publisher = IBM | title = Planning for Multiprogramming With a Fixed Number of Tasks Version II (MFT II) | id = C27-6939-0 | url = http://www.bitsavers.org/pdf/ibm/360/os/C27-6939-0_Planning_for_MFT_II_Oct67.pdf | edition = First | date = October 1967 | mode = cs2}} 9. ^1 {{cite manual | publisher = IBM | title = IBM System/360 Operating System: MFT Guide OS Release 21.7 | id = C27-6939-10 | edition = Eleventh | date = March 1972 | mode = cs2}} 10. ^1 {{cite manual | publisher = IBM | title = MVS Configuration Program | id = GC28-1615 | ref = GC28-1615 | mode = cs2}} 11. ^1 {{cite manual | publisher = IBM | title = IBM System/360 Operating System Introduction | id = C28-6534-1 | url = http://www.bitsavers.org/pdf/ibm/360/os/R01-08/C28-6534-1_OS_Intro_Nov66.pdf | date = November 1966 | mode = cs2}} 12. ^1 {{cite manual | publisher = IBM | title = IBM System/360 Operating System Introduction OS Release 21 | id = GC28-6534-3 | url = http://www.bitsavers.org/pdf/ibm/360/os/R21.0_Mar72/GC28-6534-3_OS360_Introduction_R21_Jan72.pdf | date = June 1971 | edition = Fourth | mode = cs2}} 13. ^1 {{cite manual | publisher = IBM | title = IBM System/360 Operating System System Generation Release 13 | id = C28-6554-3 | url = http://www.bitsavers.org/pdf/ibm/360/os/R13_Sep67/C28-6554-3_OS_Sysgen_R13_Aug67.pdf | edition = Fourth |date = August 1967 | mode = cs2}} 14. ^1 {{cite manual | publisher = IBM | title = IBM System/360 Operating System System Generation Release 21.8 | id = GC28-6554-13 | url = http://www.bitsavers.org/pdf/ibm/360/os/R21.8_Aug74/GC28-6554-13_OS_Sysgen_Rel_21.8_Aug74.pdf | edition = Fourteenth | date = August 1974 | mode = cs2}} 15. ^1 {{cite manual | publisher = IBM |title = IBM System/360 Operating System MVT Guide OS Release 21 |id = GC28-6720-4 |url = http://bitsavers.org/pdf/ibm/360/os/R21.0_Mar72/GC28-6720-4_MVT_Guide_Release_21_Mar72.pdf |edition = Fifth |date = March 1972 |mode = cs2}} 16. ^1 {{cite manual | publisher = IBM | title = Hardware Configuration Definition: Using the Dialog | id = GC33-6457 | mode = cs2}} 17. ^1 {{cite manual | publisher = IBM | title = Input/Output Configuration Program User's Guide and ESCON Channel-to-Channel Reference | id = GC38-0401-00 | url = http://publibfp.dhe.ibm.com/cgi-bin/bookmgr/BOOKS/da4a4001 | mode = cs2}} }} External links
| publisher = IBM | title = Input/Output Configuration Program User's Guide and ESCON Channel-to-Channel Reference | id = GC38-0401-00 | url = http://publibfp.dhe.ibm.com/cgi-bin/bookmgr/BOOKS/da4a4001 | mode = cs2 }}
| publisher = IBM | title = z/OS V1R1.0 HCD Planning | url = http://publibfp.dhe.ibm.com/cgi-bin/bookmgr/BOOKS/iea2g800 | id = GA22-7525-00 | mode = cs2 }}{{IBM operating systems}} 1 : IBM mainframe operating systems |
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