| 词条 | Taftazani |
| 释义 |
|name = Al-Taftazani |birth_date = 1322 |birth_place = Taftazan Khorasan, Iran[1] or Herat[2] Afghanistan |residence = Sarakhs |ethnicity = Persian |death_date = 1390 |death_place = Samarkand |school = Hanaf'i |fields = Linguistics, Theology, Islamic jurisprudence, Rhetoric, Logic |religion = Muslim; Sunni, (most likely Hanafi possibly Shafiite,[3] Maturidi) }}{{Infobox religious biography|religion=Islam |name= |denomination = Sunni |creed = Maturidi |Maddhab = Hanafi }}Sa'ad al-Din Masud ibn Umar ibn Abd Allah al-Taftazani ({{lang-fa|سعدالدین مسعودبن عمربن عبداللّه هروی خراسانی تفتازانی}}) also known as Al-Taftazani and Taftazani (1322[1]–1390[2]) was a Muslim Persian[3][4][5] polymath.[6] He also wrote a commentary on the Qur'an in Persian called "Kashf-al-Asrar".[2][7] Early life and educationAl-Taftazani was born in 1322 in Taftazan, Khorasan in Iran,[7] then in the Sarbedaran state.[8] He completed his education in various educational institutions in the cities of Herat, Ghijduvan, Feryumed, Gulistan, Khwarizm, Samarkand and Sarakhs. He mainly resided in Sarakhs. He was active during the reign of Timur, who noticed him as a promising scientist and supported his scholarship, and was part of his court. Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani famously remarked about him that "science ended with him in the East" and "no one could ever replace him".[9] He died in Samarkand in 1390 and was buried in Sarakhs. He sincerely practiced Islam, and practiced and preached in the Hanafi and Maturidi schools. He was of the Hanafi school in matters of Fiqh (Islamic jurisprudence) and a Maturidi with regard to issues of Aqidah (Islamic creed).[10] CareerDuring his lifetime, he wrote treaties on grammar, rhetoric, theology, logic, law and Quran exegesis.[2] His works were used as textbooks for centuries in Ottoman madrasahs.[8] and are used in Shia madrasahs to this day.[11] He completed "Sharh-i az-Zanjani" which was his first and one of his most famous works at the age of 16.[12] He also wrote a commentary of the Qur'an in Persian and translated a volume of Sa'adi's poetry from Persian into Turkish.{{Citation needed|date=July 2010}} But it was in Arabic that he composed the bulk of his writing. ContributionsAl-Taftazani made contributions to theology, Islamic jurisprudence, linguistics, rhetoric, logic and literature.[2] His treatises, even the commentaries, are "standard books" for students of Islamic theology and his papers have been called a "compendium of the various views regarding the great doctrines of Islam".[7] LegacyIbn Khaldun, who is considered by some to be the father of the social sciences[13] for anticipating many elements of these disciplines centuries before they were founded in the West, said of him:[14]
Writings by Al-TaftazaniLinguistics
Rhetoric
Logic
Legal Sciences
Theology
See also
References1. ^Al-Taftazani, Sad al-Din Masud ibn Umar ibn Abd Allah (1950). A Commentary on the Creed of Islam: Sad al-Din al-Taftazani on the Creed of Najm al-Din al-Nasafi (Earl Edgar Elder Trans.). New York: Columbia University Press. p. XX. 2. ^1 2 3 4 "Al-Taftazanni Sa'd al-Din Masud b. Umar b. Abdullah", in Encyclopedia Islam by W. Madelung, Brill. 2007 3. ^Elias John Wilkinson Gibb, History of Ottoman Poetry, Volume 1, London, 1900. excerpt from pg 202: "..the next work in Turkish poetry is versified translation of Sa'adi's Bustan or 'Orchard' made in 755 by the great and famous Persian schoolmen Sa'd-ud-Din Me'sud-i-Teftazani." 4. ^Gerhard Endress, An Introduction to Islam, translated by Carole Hillenbrand, Columbia University Press, 1998. excerpt from pg 192: "Death of Sa'ad al-Din al-Taftazani, Persian historian and philosopher at the court of Timur" 5. ^Allen J. Frank, Islamic Historiography and "Bulghar" Identity Among the Tatars and Bashkirs of Russia, Brill, 1998. excerpt from pg 83:One of the most curious aspects of the Tawarikh i-Baghdadiya are the repeated references to the great Persian theologian Sa'd al-Din Taftazani (1322-1389), who did in fact associate with Timur. 6. ^Knysh, A. D. (1999). Ibn ʻArabi in the Later Islamic Tradition: The Making of a Polemical Image in Medieval Islam. New York. State University of New York Press. p. 144. 7. ^1 2 3 Al-Taftazani, Sad al-Din Masud ibn Umar ibn Abd Allah (1950). A Commentary on the Creed of Islam: Sad al-Din al-Taftazani on the Creed of Najm al-Din al-Nasafi (Earl Edgar Elder Trans.). New York: Columbia University Press. p. XX. 8. ^1 Halil Inalcik, "The Ottoman Empire", Published by Sterling Publishing Company, Inc., 2000. except from pg 175:"The Ottoman ulema equally respected Sa'ad al-Din al-Taftazani from Iran and Sayyid Sharif al-Jurjani from Turkestan, both of whom followed the tradition of al-Razi and whose work formed the basis of Ottoman Medrese education" 9. ^Al-Asqalani, Ibn Hajar. al-Durar al-Kamina. 10. ^Salamé, C. (1974). Introduction. In Al-Taftazani, Sad al-Din Masud ibn Umar ibn Abd Allah, Sharh al-Aqaid en-Nasafiyyah fi Usül al-Din wa Ilm al-Kalam. Damascus: Wazarat al-Thaqafah wa al-Irshad al-Qawmi. 11. ^Roy Mottahedeh, The Mantle of the Prophet; Momen, Introduction to Shi'i Islam. 12. ^Ibn ul Imad, Imad. (1989). Sezherat uz-Zeheb. Beyrut. 13. ^Smith, J. R.; Smith, J.; Smith, L. B. (1980). Essentials of World History. Barron's Educational Series, p. 20, 14. ^1 Ibn Khaldun (1969). The Muqaddimah, an Introduction to History (Rosenthal, F. Trans., Dawood, N. J. Ed.). Bollingen series, 160. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press. p. 92. External links
18 : Asharis|Maturidis|Hanafis|Shafi'is|Mujaddid|14th-century Muslim scholars of Islam|Muslim theologians|Persian literature|Aristotelian philosophers|Persian philosophers|Persian Sunni Muslim scholars of Islam|Medieval Persian writers|14th-century writers|Date of death unknown|14th-century Iranian people|Medieval philosophers|1322 births|1390 deaths |
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