| 词条 | Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology |
| 释义 |
|agency_name = Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology |nativename = {{lang|ja|文部科学省}} |nativename_a = |nativename_r = Monbu-kagaku-shō |logo = Symbol of Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan.svg |logo_width = 200px |logo_caption = |seal = |seal_width = |seal_caption = |picture = Kasumigaseki-Common-Gate-01.jpg |picture_width = 200px |picture_caption = MEXT Headquarters |formed = {{start_date|2001|01|}} |date1 = |date1_name = |date2 = |date2_name = |preceding1 = Ministry of Education |preceding2 = Science and Technology Agency |dissolved = |superseding = |jurisdiction = {{JPN}} |headquarters = 3-2-2 Kasumigaseki, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-8959, Japan |employees = |budget = |minister1_name = Masahiko Shibayama, Minister of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology |minister2_name = Keiko Nagaoka, State Minister of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology |minister3_name = Tomoko Ukishima, State Minister of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology |parent_agency = Government of Japan |child1_agency = Agency for Cultural Affairs |child2_agency = Japan Sports Agency |website = www.mext.go.jp |footnotes = }} The {{Nihongo|Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology|文部科学省|Monbu-kagaku-shō}}, also known as MEXT, Monka-shō, is one of the ministries of the Japanese government. HistoryThe Meiji government created the first Ministry of Education in 1871.[1] In January 2001, the former {{Nihongo|Ministry of Education, Science, Sports and Culture|文部省|Monbu-shō}} and the former {{nihongo|{{ill|Science and Technology Agency|ja|科学技術庁}}|科学技術庁|Kagaku-gijutsu-chō}} merged to become the present MEXT. BriefMEXT is led by the Minister of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, who is a member of the Cabinet and is chosen by the Prime Minister, typically from the members of the Diet. The Japanese government centralises education, and it is managed by a state bureaucracy that regulates almost every aspect of the education process. The School Education Law requires schools around the country to use textbooks that follow the curriculum guideline set by the ministry, although there are some exceptions. Activities{{expand section|date=April 2015}}MEXT is one of three ministries that run the JET Programme. It also offers the Monbukagakusho Scholarship, also known as the MEXT or Monbu-shō scholarship. The Ministry also sets standards for the romanization of Japanese.[2] MEXT provides the Children Living Abroad and Returnees Internet (CLARINET) which provides information to Japanese families living abroad.[3] MEXT sends teachers around the world to serve in nihonjin gakkō, full-time Japanese international schools in foreign countries.[4] The Japanese government also sends full-time teachers to hoshū jugyō kō supplementary schools that offer lessons that are similar to those of nihonjin gakkō or those which each have student bodies of 100 students or greater.[5] In addition, MEXT subsidizes weekend schools which each have over 100 students.[6] See also
Notes1. ^Reischauer, Edwin O. et al. (2005), The Japanese Today, p.187. 2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.mext.go.jp/b_menu/hakusho/nc/k19541209001/k19541209001.html|work=文部科学省|publisher=Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology|language=Japanese|script-title=ja:ローマ字のつづり方|accessdate=2013-05-21}} 3. ^"CLARINETへようこそ." MEXT. Retrieved on April 17, 2015. 4. ^Pang, Ching Lin (彭靜蓮, Pinyin: Péng Jìnglián; Catholic University of Leuven Department of Anthropology). "Controlled internationalization: The case of kikokushijo from Belgium." International Journal of Educational Research. Volume 23, Issue 1, 1995, Pages 45–56. Available online 20 January 2000. DOI 10.1016/0883-0355(95)93534-3. CITED: p. 48. "The majority of teachers are sent from Japan by the Ministry of Education." 5. ^"Section 4. Well-Being of Japanese Nationals Overseas" ([https://www.webcitation.org/6WrtizlFU?url=http://www.mofa.go.jp/policy/other/bluebook/1987/1987-8-4.htm Archive]). Diplomatic Bluebook 1987 Japan's Diplomatic Activities. Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Retrieved on March 8, 2015. 6. ^Doerr, Musha Neriko (Brookdale Community College) and Kiri Lee (Lehigh University). "Contesting heritage: language, legitimacy, and schooling at a weekend Japanese-language school in the United States" ([https://www.webcitation.org/6XR4BvQIM?url=http://sites.miis.edu/comparativeeducation/files/2013/01/Contesting-heritage-Japan.pdf Archive]). Language and Education. Vol. 23, No. 5, September 2009, 425–441. CITED: p. 426. References
External links{{Commons category|Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology}}
9 : 1871 establishments in Japan|Culture ministries|Education laws and guidelines in Japan|Education ministries|Government ministries of Japan|Ministries established in 1871|Science and technology in Japan|Science and technology ministries|Sports ministries |
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