词条 | Take Back the Land |
释义 |
AdvocacyThe group advocates for changes in governmental housing policy.[4] Max Rameau, the homeless advocate running the program, called it "morally indefensible to have vacant homes sitting there, potentially for years, while you have human beings on the street".[2] Rameau says that the group only moves families into government- or bank-owned properties, and argues that it is not fair for the banks to be receiving government bailouts while keeping these assets.[8] TacticsRameau states that having people occupy the buildings helps the owners by preventing looting and property destruction that he says would likely happen to unoccupied buildings.[8][14] He also says that the group requires that tenants get electricity and provides solar panels if the electricity does not work.[8] Take Back the Land activists help maintain and clean the yards of the squatted houses, and they give the families cleaning supplies and furniture.[9] The group gains access to unoccupied houses, paints and cleans them, changes the locks, and connects electricity and water.[10] Rameau says each occupation costs the group $200.[11] Take Back the Land instructs tenants of the houses to occupy the houses openly; they enter and leave through the front door, pay for utilities in their own names, and are honest with neighbors.[7] The families live in the houses they occupy until they either save up enough money to afford to pay for housing or are forcibly evicted by police.[2] The group maintains a waiting list of families who would like to move into foreclosed homes.[10] Rameau says tenants are carefully chosen in order to avoid creating crack houses; drug addicts are rejected, and participants are assessed for their "urgency of need".[7] According to Rameau, he had approached banks in 2008 with the idea of buying them for a discount price and renting them to homeless people; they seemed interested at first but he says they stopped calling him back after the 2008 federal bailout was announced.[2] Take Back the Land uses illegal tactics.[12] The group commits trespassing[13] and tenants could be charged with crimes such as vandalism.[9] Rameau says, "there's a disconnect between the need and the law. Being arrested is just one of the potential factors in doing this."[9] The tenants are told that they may be arrested if caught.[10] Take Back the Land has a pro-bono lawyer on standby.[10][14] Kelly Penton, a spokeswoman for the city of Miami, said that the city was not taking action to stop Take Back the Land's activities stating that "it is up to the property owner".[9] {{Asof|December 2008}}, police had not gotten involved.[3] Background{{see also|Umoja Village}}Take Back the Land was originally formed in 2006 as an anti-gentrification organization[4] inspired by the Landless Workers' Movement in Brazil and the Western Cape Anti-Eviction Campaign in South Africa.[15] The group built the Umoja Village in Miami in 2006, a shantytown on an undeveloped lot in support of the "black community's right to own land".[7] Fifty homeless people lived in the village.[4] After the village burned down in April 2007, the group moved 14 of the ex-residents into a warehouse.[7] Max Rameau released a book detailing the experience entitled Take Back the Land: Land, Gentrification and the Umoja Village Shantytown.[16] Partly due to overbuilding and speculation, Florida, and particularly Miami, have been affected by the housing crisis in the late 2000s recession.[3] In September 2008, Florida had the second highest rate of foreclosures in the country.[3] Take Back the Land moved the first family into an unoccupied house on October 22, 2007.[7] By November 2008, it had opened up six houses,[7] and by April 2009, the group had moved 20 families into foreclosed homes.[6] See also{{columns-list|colwidth=30em|
}} References1. ^{{cite news|url=http://www.michaelmoore.com/words/mike-friends-blog/video-this-is-not-america |title=VIDEO: 'This Is Not America': SWAT Team Evicts Grandmother, Community Fights Back |date=April 1, 2011 |accessdate=April 2, 2011 |work=michaelmoore.com |first=Van |last=Jones}} 2. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite news|url=https://www.usatoday.com/news/nation/2008-12-10-homesquatters_N.htm |title=Homeless turn foreclosures into shelters |date=December 10, 2008 |accessdate=January 4, 2008 |work=USA Today |first=Rick |last=Jervis}} 3. ^1 2 3 4 {{Cite news|url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2008/12/20/REU514F8BD.DTL |first=Tamara |last=Lush |agency=Associated Press |date=December 21, 2008 |accessdate=January 4, 2008 |title=Homeless advocates 'liberate' foreclosed houses |work=SFGate |publisher=San Francisco Chronicle}} 4. ^1 2 3 {{cite news |url=http://www.citypaper.com/arts/story.asp?id=17758 |publisher=Baltimore City Paper |date=March 25, 2009 |author=Martin L. Johnson |title=The City From Below |accessdate=April 2, 2009 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090416091635/http://www.citypaper.com/arts/story.asp?id=17758 |archivedate=April 16, 2009 |df= }} 5. ^{{cite news|author=Amy Goodman and Juan Gonzalez| title=Take Back the Land: Miami Grassroots Group Moves Struggling Families into Vacant Homes|publisher =Democracy Now!|url=http://www.democracynow.org/2008/12/19/take_back_the_land_miami_grassroots |date = December 19, 2008 |accessdate=April 2, 2009}} 6. ^1 {{cite news|publisher =Good Morning America|title=Home sweet home? Squatters nab foreclosures|date=April 11, 2009}} 7. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{cite news|url=http://www.miaminewtimes.com/2008-11-20/news/squatters/|publisher=Miami New Times|title=Squatters | author = Natalie O'Neill|date= November 19, 2008 |accessdate=April 2, 2009}} 8. ^1 2 {{cite news|publisher=CNN news|date=December 6, 2008|title= Interview with Max Rameau}} 9. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite news|date=December 1, 2008|title=Activist moves homeless into foreclosures: Man executes bailout plan of his own on Miami's empty streets |url=http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/28002276/|accessdate=April 2, 2009|publisher= msnbc.msn.com|author=Associated Press}} 10. ^1 2 3 {{cite web|author=Tristram Korten|title=Foreclosure Nation: Squatters or Pioneers?|date=May–June 2008 |publisher=Mother Jones|accessdate=April 2, 2009|url = https://www.motherjones.com/politics/2008/05/foreclosure-nation-squatters-or-pioneers}} 11. ^{{cite news|title = With Advocates’ Help, Squatters Call Foreclosures Home | publisher=New York Times|author = John Leland| accessdate = April 2, 2009|url = https://www.nytimes.com/2009/04/10/us/10squatter.html?_r=2&hp }} 12. ^{{cite news |title= Homeless find shelter in foreclosed homes |url= http://www.justnews.com/video/18149053/index.html |publisher= justnews.com |author= Channel 10 News |accessdate= April 2, 2009 |deadurl= yes |archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20090324015112/http://www.justnews.com/video/18149053/index.html |archivedate= March 24, 2009 |df= }} 13. ^{{cite news|title=Family Refuses To Leave Foreclosed Home|date= February 23, 2009| url=http://www.justnews.com/news/18779255/detail.html#video |publisher=justnews.com |accessdate=April 2, 2009}} 14. ^{{cite news|title=Miami's homeless inhabit vacant homes|url=http://marketplace.publicradio.org/display/web/2009/01/28/pm_foreclosure_squatters/|date=January 28, 2009|publisher=NPR Marketplace. American Public Media|author=Kai Ryssdal|accessdate=April 2, 2009|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101205164250/http://marketplace.publicradio.org/display/web/2009/01/28/pm_foreclosure_squatters/|archivedate=December 5, 2010|df=}} 15. ^Take Back the Land in South Africa 16. ^{{cite book |last=Rameau |first=Max |date=2008 |title=Take Back the Land: Land, Gentrification and the Umoja Village Shantytown |publisher=AK Press |isbn=1-4348-4556-7}} External links
8 : Homelessness organizations|Housing organizations in the United States|Shack dwellers' movements|Affordable housing advocacy organizations|Land rights movements|Squatters' movements|Direct action|Squatting in the United States |
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