| 词条 | Tamoios Ecological Station |
| 释义 |
| name = Tamoios Ecological Station | alt_name = Estação Ecológica de Tamoios | iucn_category = Ia | photo = | photo_alt = | photo_caption = | photo_width = | map=Brazil | map_alt = | map_caption = Location in Brazil | map_width = | relief = yes | location = | nearest_city = Rio de Janeiro | coordinates = {{coord|23.084|S|44.514|W|format=dms|display=inline,title}} | area = {{convert|9361|ha}} | designation = Ecological station | authorized = | created = 23 January 1990 | established = | designated = | world_heritage_site = | website = | url = }} Tamoios Ecological Station ({{lang-pt|Estação Ecológica de Tamoios}}) is a coastal marine ecological station in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. FoundationThe coastal marine Ecological Station, which has an area of {{convert|9361|ha}}, was created on 23 January 1990. It is administered by the Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation.{{sfn|Esec de Tamoios – Chico Mendes}} It is located in the municipalities of Angra dos Reis and Parati in Rio de Janeiro state. The ecological station comes under the 1980 decree that provides for co-locating nuclear power plants and ecological stations. It is located in the Bay of Ilha Grande, and contains 29 islands and islets. The highest point is {{convert|132|m}}.{{sfn|Unidade de Conservaçã ... MMA}} It also includes the marine environment within a radius of {{convert|1|km}}, which comprises 4% of the Ilha Grande Bay.{{sfn|Estação Ecológica de Tamoios – ICMBio}} The ecological station's area is 96.64% marine and 3.36% land.{{sfn|Unidade de Conservaçã ... MMA}} The station has IUCN protected area category Ia (strict nature reserve). The overall purpose is to conserve nature and support scientific research.{{sfn|Unidade de Conservaçã ... MMA}} The specific purpose is to protect and monitor a representative sample of the Atlantic maritime island ecosystem and its marine aquatic environment.{{sfn|Unidade de Conservaçã ... MMA}} It is within the {{convert|12400|ha}} Tamoios Environmental Protection Area, created in 1982.{{sfn|APA de Tamoios – INEA}} It is part of the {{convert|221754|ha}} Bocaina Mosaic, created in 2006.{{sfn|Mosaico de Unidades de Conservação da Bocaina – RBMA}} ClimateAnnual rainfall is {{convert|2500|mm}}. Temperatures vary from {{convert|19|to|27|C}}. The bay is a mixed estuarine system with two ocean intakes, one on each side of Ilha Grande, and the main source of fresh water coming from Sepetiba bay. The coastal mountain range runs close to the coast line. It intercepts humid ocean air and creates a very humid climate, with torrential downpours that cause sudden increases in river flow.{{sfn|Unidade de Conservaçã ... MMA}} EcologyThe South American tern (Sterna hirundinacea) visits the islands between June and August. Vegetation on the islands is part of the Atlantic Forest biome, and varies considerably depending on the size of the island, soil conditions and degree of human disturbance. It includes low montane formations rich in palm trees and rock formations of grasses, sedges and cacti.{{sfn|Unidade de Conservaçã ... MMA}} There are degraded areas on the islands from deforestation, fires and other inappropriate land use. Fishing in the region has been destructive in the past. It is hoped that the ecological station will serve as a protective shield to the coastal bays, allowing the marine ecosystems to revive.{{sfn|Estação Ecológica de Tamoios – Ambiente Brasil}} Prohibited activities include landing on the islands, diving, fishing and anchoring.{{sfn|Estação Ecológica de Tamoios – ICMBio}} Notes{{notes}}Sources{{refbegin}}
|title=APA de Tamoios |publisher=INEA: Instituto Estadual do Ambiente |url=http://www.inea.rj.gov.br/Portal/Agendas/BIODIVERSIDADEEAREASPROTEGIDAS/UnidadesdeConservacao/INEA_008608|accessdate=2016-09-26}}
|title=Esec de Tamoios|publisher=Chico Mendes Institute for Biodiversity Conservation |url=http://www.icmbio.gov.br/portal/biodiversidade/unidades-de-conservacao/biomas-brasileiros/marinho/unidades-de-conservacao-marinho/2254-esec-de-tamoios.html}}
|title=Estação Ecológica de Tamoios|work=Ambiente Brasil |url=http://ambientes.ambientebrasil.com.br/unidades_de_conservacao/estacao_ecologica/estacao_ecologica_de_tamoios.html|accessdate=2016-04-20}}
|title=Estação Ecológica de Tamoios|publisher=ICMBio|language=Portuguese |url=http://www.icmbio.gov.br/esectamoios/|accessdate=2016-04-20}}
|title=Mosaico de Unidades de Conservação da Bocaina - SP e RJ|publisher=RBMA |url=http://www.rbma.org.br/programas/docs_programas/mosaicos_corredores_ecologicos/01_06_20.pdf|accessdate=2016-09-22}}
|title=Unidade de Conservação: Estação Ecológica de Tamoios|publisher=MMA: Ministério do Meio Ambiente |url=http://sistemas.mma.gov.br/cnuc/index.php?ido=relatorioparametrizado.exibeRelatorio&relatorioPadrao=true&idUc=63|accessdate=2016-04-20}}{{refend}}{{Ecological station (Brazil)}}{{authority control}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Tamoios Ecological Station}} 4 : 1990 establishments in Brazil|Ecological stations of Brazil|Protected areas of Rio de Janeiro (state)|Protected areas established in 1990 |
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