| 词条 | Tangjiashan Lake |
| 释义 |
|name = Tangjiashan Lake |image = Tangjiashan Lake 2016 Landsat.jpg |caption = Tangjiashan Lake on 2016 Landsat imagery |image_bathymetry = Tangjiashan Lake (map).png |caption_bathymetry = Map of the lake as of June 3, 2008. |location = Beichuan, Sichuan |coords = {{Coord|31.8366|104.4551|type:waterbody|display=inline,title}} |type = Barrier lake |inflow = Jian River |outflow = |catchment = |basin_countries = China |length = |width = |area = |depth = |max-depth = |volume = |residence_time = |shore = |elevation = |islands = |cities = }}Tangjiashan Lake ({{zh|c=唐家山堰塞湖}}, literally "Tang's Mountain landslide dam-created lake") is a landslide dam-created lake on the Jian River, which was formed by the 2008 Sichuan earthquake.[1] Its name comes from the nearby mountain Tangjiashan. On May 24, 2008 the water level rose by {{convert|2|m|0}} in a single day, reaching a depth of {{convert|23|m|0}}, just {{convert|29|m|0}} below the barrier level.[1][2] On June 9 2008, more than 250,000 people have been evacuated from Mianyang in anticipation of the Tangjiashan Lake dam bursting.[3][4] A similar lake in the same province that formed 222 years earlier caused one of the worst landslide-related disasters in history. On June 10, 1786 a landslide dam on Sichuan's Dadu River, created by an earthquake ten days earlier, burst and caused a flood that extended 1400 km downstream and killed 100,000 people.[5] A "relatively strong" aftershock on June 8, 2008 shook the massive earthquake-formed lake that has been threatening to flood more than 1 million people and triggered landslides in surrounding mountains. Soldiers used digging equipment, explosives, and even missiles to blast channels in the dam in an attempt to relieve the pressure behind it.[6] The flow from the sluice channel cut into the dam increased dramatically on June 10, 2008, going from 300 cubic metres/second to 7000 cubic metres/second in the span of four hours.[7] The muddy waters flowed rapidly downstream causing flooding in the evacuated town of Beichuan and overtopping of dams.[8] In 2013 broken banks from a severe flood caused the lake's water to fall to 503 metres above sea level, 40 metres below its peak and 9 metres below its 2010 level. As water receded, the Xuanping town in the Beichuan Qiang Autonomous County was revealed.[9] The lake is now within the Beichuan Earthquake Museum. [10] Landsat imagery from 2018 showed that the lake's size was greatly reduced do to natural erosion of the barrier and filling of the lake with sediment.[11] See also
References1. ^1 {{Cite news | title = Backgrounder: Tangjiashan lake | url = http://www.cctv.com/english/20080526/107847.shtml | accessdate = 2008-05-28 | publisher = CCTV International}} {{2008 Sichuan earthquake}}{{Lakes of China}}2. ^{{Cite news | title = 200,000 flee from growing Sichuan lake | last = Watts | first = Jonathan | date = 2008-05-30 | url = https://www.theguardian.com/world/2008/may/30/chinaearthquake.china1?gusrc=rss&feed=networkfront | accessdate = 2008-05-30 | publisher = Guardian Unlimited | location=London}} 3. ^{{Cite news | title = More people being evacuated from swollen lake area in southwest China | date = 2008-05-27 | publisher = Xinhua News Agency | url = http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2008-05/27/content_8263743.htm | accessdate = 2008-05-27}} 4. ^{{Cite news | title = Chinese quake lake still rising | date = 2008-06-09 | publisher = BBC News | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/7443461.stm}} 5. ^{{Cite journal | last = Schuster | first = R.L. |author2=Wieczorek, G.F. | title = Landslide triggers and types | journal = Landslides: Proceedings of the First European Conference on Landslides | year = 2002 | publisher = A.A. Balkema Publishers | pages = 59–78 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=psFSK_nUqqMC&pg=PT74&dq=%22Landslide+triggers+and+types%22 | isbn = 978-90-5809-393-6}} 6. ^{{Cite news | title = Mapping the earthquake zone | publisher = BBC News | url = http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/7404614.stm|accessdate=2008-06-09 | date=2008-06-10}} 7. ^{{cite web | last = Petley | first = Dave | title = Dave's Landslide Blog | date = 2008-06-10 | url= http://daveslandslideblog.blogspot.com/ }} 8. ^{{Cite news | title = Flooding spreads more destruction in town below 'quake lake' | last = Wong | first = Edward | date = 2008-06-10 | publisher = International Herald Tribune | url = http://www.iht.com/articles/2008/06/10/asia/quake.php}} 9. ^The village that came back from the dead: Eerie images of Chinese ghost town that has emerged from under water five years after earthquake by Anthony Bond, the Daily Mail ,3 September 2013 http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2409693/Chinese-ghost-town-Xuanping-emerges-water-5-years-earthquake-caused-flood.html 10. ^ "北川国家地震遗址博物馆" {{zh icon}}. Phoenix News. March 31, 2009. 11. ^{{cite web|url=https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/images/92713/demise-of-a-quake-lake|title=Demise of a Quake Lake|date=7 September 2018|website=earthobservatory.nasa.gov}} 7 : Lakes of China|2008 Sichuan earthquake|Bodies of water of Sichuan|Megafloods|Landslide-dammed lakes|Landslides in China|Landslides in 2008 |
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