| 词条 | Tanna japonensis |
| 释义 |
| image =Tanna japonensis.JPG | image_caption = | regnum = Animalia | phylum = Arthropoda | classis = Insecta | ordo = Hemiptera | familia = Cicadidae | genus = Tanna | species = T. japonensis | subdivision_ranks = Subspecies | subdivision = T. j. ishigakiana Distant, 1892 T. j. japonensis Kato, 1960 | binomial = Tanna japonensis | binomial_authority = Distant, 1892 }} Tanna japonensis, also called the evening cicada or {{nihongo|higurashi|蜩, 茅蜩, ひぐらし|lead=yes}}, is a species of cicada, a family of insects, and a member of the genus Tanna. It is distributed throughout East Asia, and is most common in Japan. Its shrill call can be heard most often in the morning and evening. Its kanji name is derived from the character for Miscanthus, a type of reed that it inhabits. In Japan, it is also known as {{nihongo|kanakana|カナカナ}} because of the noise that it makes. CharacteristicsThe adult male has a body length of {{convert|28|-|38|mm|in|1|abbr=on}}, the female is {{convert|21|-|25|mm|in|1|abbr=on}}. The male's abdomen is longer and thicker than that of the female, making it easy to distinguish between them. In addition, the intra-abdominal cavity of the male is more developed, giving it a more resonant call.[1] The body is coloured reddish-brown with green around the compound eye and in the centre and back of the thorax; mountain dwelling specimens tend to be darker.[1] HabitatIn Japan, their habitat ranges from temperate Hokkaido in the far north to subtropical Amami Ōshima, close to Taiwan (variants and subspecies, such as T. j. ishigakiana), and live in a wide range of habitats. They live in the cypress, cedar, and hardwood forests, from the mountainous regions in Hokkaido to the plains of northern Kyūshū, and even in southern Kyushu, they can be found in slightly higher mountain elevations.[1] EcologyThe parasitic moth Epipomponia nawai uses the animal as a host for its eggs. The T. japonensis can also come under attack from flesh flies.[1] Call{{Listen |filename=Tanna japonensis v01.ogg|title=Sounds of T. japonensis | description=Hayano Cemetery Park, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan, 6:40PM July 17, 2011 (Some background noise from wind sound) |format=Ogg}}The peak time for hearing T. japonensis is autumn, but they can also be heard at the end of summer in some regions. From September until mid-October, their calls can be heard almost every day.[1] The males call with a distinctive, melancholy sound. This occurs before sunrise, and they often sing at twilight or after sunset, in dusk, when the temperature has dropped, or when it becomes cloudy.[1] The call changes with temperature, being correlated with the firing rate of the tymbal nerve.[2] In Japan, the sound is popularly associated with melancholy, and it has been the subject of literature, and television shows, such as "Summer Evening" and {{Nihongo|Higurashi no Naku Koro ni|ひぐらしのなく頃に||lit. When the Cicadas Cry}}, feature it as a sound effect or a plot point. Their calls are quite loud, but do not carry well over distance.[1] SubspeciesT. j. ishigakiana is found in Ishigaki, an island in Okinawa. Though once listed on the red list, they are no longer thought to be endangered. Their cry is a more metallic sound with a faster tempo.{{cn|date=April 2018}} {{Portal|Insects|Japan}}References{{Commons+cat|Tanna japonensis|Tanna japonensis}}{{Wikispecies}}1. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{Citation | last = Itō | first = ShūShirō Hokuryūkan | year = 1997 | title = 学生版 日本昆虫図鑑 (Students Encyclopedia of Insects, Japanese Version) | isbn = 4-8326-0040-0 | publisher = Kita Takashi Hall | location = Tokyo | language = Japanese}} {{Taxonbar|from=Q1036339}}{{Citation | last=Nakao | first=Shunichi | script-title=ja:セミの自然誌 - 鳴き声に聞く種分化のドラマ | year = 1990 | publisher=Chuokoron New Company | isbn=4-12-100979-7 | language = Japanese}} {{Citation | last = Miyatake | first = Tanomoto | last2 = Kanou | first2 = Yasutsugu | year = 1992 | script-title=ja:検索入門 セミ・バッタ | isbn = 978-4-586-31038-8 | language = Japanese}} 2. ^{{Citation|title=Insect sounds and communication: physiology, behaviour, ecology, and evolution|author=Sakis Drosopoulos and Michael F. Claridge|publisher=CRC Press|year=2006|isbn=0-8493-2060-7|pages=532|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eqL4mAhm0-cC&pg=PA113&dq=Tanna+japonensis}} page 113 3 : Tanna (genus)|Hemiptera of Asia|Insects described in 1892 |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。