| 词条 | TASMAC | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
| logo = Tasmac logo.gif | type = Government-owned corporation | industry = Retail and Wholesale alcohol (IMFL) vending | foundation = 1983 | location = CMDA Towers, Egmore, Chennai, India | key_people = P. Thangamani (Minister of Prohibition and Excise for Tamil Nadu) C.K. Gandhirajan[1] T. Soundiah P. Seetharaman | net_income = {{INR}} 26,794 Crorein 2016-17 Source Fin express | aum = | assets = 5823 Retail Outlets[2] 500 reduced by TN CM on 23-05-2016 41 Depots 500 reduced by TN CM on 20-02-2017 | equity = | owner = | num_employees = 29,297[2] | homepage = http://tasmac.co.in/ }} The Tamil Nadu State Marketing Corporation (TASMAC) is a company owned by the Government of Tamil Nadu, which has a monopoly over wholesale and retail vending of alcoholic beverages in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It controls the Indian Made Foreign Liquor (IMFL) trade in the state. HistoryTASMAC was established in 1971 by the then Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu Karunanidhi for wholesale vending of alcohol in Tamil Nadu. The state has a long history of prohibition, first implemented partially in 1937 by the Indian National Congress government of C. Rajagopalachari. Between 1973 and 2001, it was lifted briefly during 1971-74, 1981–87 and 1990-91. After 1983, TASMAC was in charge of wholesale liquor sales in the state whenever prohibition was lifted. In 2001, prohibition was lifted again and TASMAC became the wholesale monopoly for alcohol. For retail vending, the state auctioned off licenses for running liquor shops and bars. But this led to the formation of cartels and loss of revenue to the state. The government tried to counter this by introducing a lot system from the financial year 2001-02, where potential bidders bid for shops grouped by revenue. But the lot system could not prevent cartelisation, as bidders later withdrew in favour of others. In October 2003, the government passed an amendment to the Tamil Nadu Prohibition Act, 1937, making TASMAC the sole retail vendor of alcohol in the state. By 2004 all private outlets selling alcohol were either shut down or taken over by the company. This monopoly established by the ADMK government of J. Jayalalitha came into effect on 29 November 2003. The DMK government of M. Karunanidhi which took power in 2006, did not revise its predecessor's policy and TASMAC continues to control the alcohol industry in the state.[2][3][4][5][6] OrganisationTASMAC is wholly owned by the government of Tamil Nadu, coming under the purview of the Ministry of Prohibition and Excise. Its headquarters is situated at the CMDA towers in Egmore, Chennai. It is governed by a board whose members belong to the Indian Administrative Service (IAS). The company organisation is divided territorially into five regions- Chennai, Coimbatore, Madurai, Trichy and Salem each under a regional manager. These regions are further divided into 33 districts run by district managers. As of 2010, the company has around 30,000 employees and operates about 6800 retail liquor outlets throughout the state. Employees of TASMAC are not considered as government employees and are not entitled to the benefits and legal rights (like statutory pay, paid holidays and an 8-hour workday) of other employees of the state. The retail outlets do not have individual names. Instead they are named as "TASMAC Shop XXX", where XXX stands for the outlet number. They are popularly referred to as "wine shops", though they sell other kinds of liquor as well. About half the outlets have bars attached to them.[7][8][9][10][11][12][13] Growth
Since the take over by the government, TASMAC has seen an annual revenue of growth of around 20 percent every year. The turnover in 1983 (the year of incorporation) was 183 Crore Rupees. In 2002-03 before the take over of retail vending, the turnover was 3499.75 Crore Rupees, out of which the government got a tax revenue of 2,828.09 Crore Rupees. After the take over of retail vending, the tax revenue shot up to 3,639 Crore Rupees in the financial year 2003-04. The tax revenue has two components - excise tax and sales tax each constituting roughly 50% of the total. A large part of the tax revenue is accounted as profit for the state since it is both the wholesale and retail vendor and the difference in the prices goes directly to the state exchequer. In the following four financial years revenue increased to 4872, 6087, 7300 and 8822 Crore Rs respectively. In 2005-06, the 23-year-old record for alcohol sales revenue in the state was broken. The 10,000 Crore (100 Billion) Rupees mark was reached in the financial year 2008-09, when the revenue was 10,601.5 Crore Rupees. For the financial years 2009-10 and 2010-11 it stood at 12,491 and 14,965 Crores respectively. Besides the tax revenue, the company also makes money by selling annual licenses to run bars in its retail outlets. The steady growth in revenue is accounted for by the periodical increase in retail prices and by increasing alcohol consumption in the state. Hard liquors like whiskey, rum, wine, brandy and vodka account for about 80% of the sales and beer accounts for the remaining 20%.[14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] ImpactThe reorganisation of retail alcohol trade in the state has brought record revenues for the government allowing it to increase spending on welfare schemes. While consumption of alcohol has increased among the population, deaths due to consumption of contaminated illicit liquor (common during the prohibition era) have gone down.[2][3][5][24][25] The monopoly trade has led to widespread irregularities like adulteration, corruption, overpricing and black marketing in the retail outlets. It has also led to increased complaints about disturbances created by drunk patrons from residents in areas where the retail outlets are situated.[14][16][26][27][28] High retail prices (due to a higher tax rate) and absence of a wide range of choices have led to a thriving alcohol tourism industry in the neighbouring union territory of Puducherry, where alcohol prices are lower and different brands are available. TASMAC has been forced to offer more choices of brands to counter the increase in smuggling of non-available alcohol brands into the state.[29][30] See also
References1. ^{{cite news|url= http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/madurai/Prohibition-cases-on-the-rise-in-state-in-2013-reveals-ADGP/articleshow/26545774.cms?referral=PM|newspaper=The TimesofIndia |title=Prohibition cases on the rise|date=29 November 2013}} 2. ^1 {{cite web|last=Subramanian|first=T. S|title= Deadly concoctions|url=http://www.hinduonnet.com/fline/fl1901/19010400.htm|work=Frontline|accessdate=4 June 2010}} 3. ^1 {{cite web|last=Anand|first=S|title=Rotgut Blues|url=http://www.outlookindia.com/article.aspx?233308|work=Outlook|accessdate=4 June 2010}} 4. ^{{cite web|title=TASMAC, coops alone to retail trade IMFL in TN|url=http://www.business-standard.com/india/news/tasmac-coops-alone-to-retail-trade-imfl-in-tn/157643/|work=Business Standard|accessdate=4 June 2010}} 5. ^1 {{cite news|last=Ramesh|first=Niranjana|title=Politics influences DMK on disinvestment in central PSUs|url=http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/News/PoliticsNation/Politics-influences-DMK-on-disinvestment-in-central-PSUs/articleshow/4636634.cms|work=The Economic Times|accessdate=4 June 2010|date=9 June 2009}} 6. ^{{cite web|last=Nambath|first=Suresh|title= A dangerous mix |url=http://www.hinduonnet.com/2003/11/02/stories/2003110200991400.htm|work=The Hindu|accessdate=4 June 2010}} 7. ^{{cite web|last=Reddy|first=Ajay|title= Elixir to the elite? |url=http://newindianexpress.com/cities/chennai/article96353.ece|work=The New Indian Express|accessdate=4 June 2010}} 8. ^{{cite web |title=TASMAC Organisation chart|url=http://tasmac.tn.gov.in/organization_chart.htm|work=Govt of Tamil Nadu|accessdate=4 June 2010}} 9. ^{{cite web|title= TASMAC outlets to down shutters on March 17|url=http://newindianexpress.com/cities/chennai/article259594.ece |work=The New Indian Express|accessdate=4 June 2010}} 10. ^{{cite news|title=Tasmac told to pay 42 staff Rs 2.29L overtime wages |url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-10-29/chennai/28088419_1_tasmac-minimum-wages-act-religious-holidays|work=Times of India|accessdate=4 June 2010|date=29 October 2009}} 11. ^{{cite web|title=Rs 20 crore loss for state after Tasmac staff strike |url=http://www.deccanchronicle.com/chennai/rs-20-crore-loss-state-after-tasmac-staff-strike-944|work=Deccan Chronicle|accessdate=4 June 2010}} 12. ^{{cite news|title=Tasmac strike fizzles out in state|url=http://www.deccanchronicle.com/chennai/tasmac-strike-fizzles-out-state-977|accessdate=19 August 2010|newspaper=Deccan Chronicle|date=12 August 2010}} 13. ^{{cite news|title= Salary of TASMAC staff hiked |url=http://newindianexpress.com/cities/chennai/article205344.ece|accessdate=19 August 2010|newspaper=The New Indian Express|date=18 August 2010}} 14. ^1 2 3 {{cite web |title=Staff fleece tipplers of Rs 5,000 cr at Tasmac|url=http://www.deccanchronicle.com/chennai/staff-fleece-tipplers-rs-5000-cr-tasmac-331 |work=Deccan Chronicle|accessdate=4 June 2010}} 15. ^{{cite news|title= Revenue from liquor sale grows significantly |url=http://www.hindu.com/2007/04/26/stories/2007042613970600.htm|work=The Hindu|accessdate=4 June 2010|location=Chennai, India |date=26 April 2007}} 16. ^1 {{cite news|title=Tipplers in TN cough up much more than retail price - Rs 500 cr a year |url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-04-30/chennai/28026772_1_tasmac-liquor-bottles-imfl|work=Times of India|accessdate=4 June 2010|first1=Jayaraj|last1=Sivan|date=30 April 2009}} 17. ^{{cite news|title= TASMAC finalises list of licensees for 221 wine shops |url=http://www.hindu.com/2010/05/25/stories/2010052557760200.htm|work=The Hindu|accessdate=4 June 2010|location=Chennai, India |date=25 May 2010}} 18. ^{{cite news|title=Consumption of liquor rises in TN|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2008-05-10/chennai/27774866_1_illicit-liquor-nadu-state-marketing-corporation-tasmac|work=Times of India|accessdate=4 June 2010|date=10 May 2008}} 19. ^{{cite news|title=Excise, sales tax from liquor trade yield Rs.15,000 crore|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-tamilnadu/article2434212.ece?css=print|accessdate=10 October 2011|newspaper=The Hindu|date=8 September 2011|location=Chennai, India}} 20. ^{{cite news|title=Tamil Nadu's liquor revenue rises to Rs 18K cr|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-04-27/chennai/31439825_1_liquor-sales-foreign-liquor-liquor-prices|accessdate=31 October 2012|newspaper=Times of India|date=27 April 2012}} 21. ^{{cite news|title=Tamil Nadu earns revenue of over Rs 21,680 crore from liquor sale |url=http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2013-05-14/news/39256462_1_excise-revenue-nadu-state-marketing-corporation-crore |accessdate=30 September 2013|newspaper=Economic Times|date=14 May 2013}} 22. ^{{cite news|title=TASMAC to Net Additional Rs 3,000 Crore |url=http://www.newindianexpress.com/states/tamil_nadu/TASMAC-to-Net-Additional-Rs-3000-Crore/2014/02/14/article2055525.ece |accessdate=19 October 2014|newspaper=The New Indian Express|date=14 February 2013}} 23. ^{{cite news|title=TASMAC to Net Additional Rs 3,000 Crore|url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/politics/liquor-sales-through-tasmac-in-tamil-nadu-to-touch-rs-29-672-crore-in-2015-16-115032500563_1.html |accessdate=12 December 2015|newspaper=Business Standard|date=25 March 2015}} 24. ^{{cite web|title= TN alcohol revenues up 20% |url=http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/2009/07/18/stories/2009071851690500.htm|work=Business Line|accessdate=4 June 2010}} 25. ^{{cite news|title=60 pc increase in alcohol consumption among youths |url=http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/holnus/099200901111221.htm|work=The Hindu|accessdate=4 June 2010|location=Chennai, India|date=11 January 2009}} 26. ^{{cite news|title= TASMAC outlets nearby keep residents spiritless |url=http://www.hindu.com/2007/10/15/stories/2007101574040400.htm|work=The Hindu|accessdate=4 June 2010|location=Chennai, India|date=15 October 2007}} 27. ^{{cite web|title= Govt urged to detach bars from TASMAC shops |url=http://newindianexpress.com/cities/chennai/article88257.ece|work=The New Indian Express|accessdate=4 June 2010}} 28. ^{{cite news|title=48 bottles of adulterated liquor seized from TASMAC outlet, 4 suspended |url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-11-29/chennai/28072935_1_tasmac-outlet-tasmac-shop-outlet-in-kazhipattu-village|work=Times of India|accessdate=4 June 2010|date=29 November 2009}} 29. ^{{cite web|title=For A Foster's Or Two|url=http://www.outlookindia.com/article.aspx?233309|work=Outlook|accessdate=4 June 2010}} 30. ^{{cite news|title=Beer guzzling in TN up by 22%|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2008-06-03/chennai/27781323_1_beer-sales-beer-brands-lakh-cases|work=Times of India|accessdate=4 June 2010|first1=B Aravind|last1=Kumar|date=3 June 2008}} External links
5 : Companies established in 1983|Government agencies established in 1983|Companies based in Chennai|State agencies of Tamil Nadu|Alcohol in Tamil Nadu |
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