| 词条 | Tatra 111 | |||||||
| 释义 |
| name = Tatra 111 | image = BAHNA 2018 - 101 crop.jpg | manufacturer = Tatra | production = 1942-1962 | predecessor = Tatra 81 | successor = Tatra 138 | class = Heavy truck | body_style = Conventional | engine = See below | transmission= 4-speed manual x 2-speed transfer case | designer = Hans Ledwinka | related = {{ubl|Tatra 141|Tatra 147}} }}{{Infobox automobile engine | image = T111Engine.jpg | name = Engine V910 | aka = V910 | manufacturer = Tatra | configuration = 75° V12 | displacement = {{convert|14.8|L|cid|0|abbr=on}} | bore = {{convert|110|mm|in|1|abbr=on}} | stroke = {{convert|130|mm|in|1|abbr=on}} | compression = 16.5:1 | block = Cast iron | valvetrain = OHV | fuelsystem = Direct injection 2x inline injection pumps 6 elements each | fueltype = Diesel | coolingsystem = Air-cooled | power = 180–210 hp (132.5 kW-158kW) @ 1800–2250 rpm | torque = {{convert|726|Nm|ftlbf|abbr=on}} @ 1400–1600 rpm | fuelcon = {{convert|34|L/100 km|abbr=on}} }} The Tatra 111 was a truck produced in Czechoslovakia by the Tatra company. HistoryThe T111 was developed and manufactured during World War II as a heavy truck for use by the Wehrmacht. Production started in 1942 and continued for twenty years, ending in 1962 when it was replaced by the Tatra 138. Despite being built for the Nazi war machine, the vehicle ultimately played an important role after the war ended. The Tatra 111 contributed significantly to the rebuilding effort during the postwar era, mainly in Eastern Europe and the USSR. To its chief designer, however, it brought charges of treason and collaboration with the Nazi regime after the communist takeover of Czechoslovakia and contributed to the imprisonment of Tatra's design guru Hans Ledwinka. Design and technologyThe design was based on the proven Tatra concept of a backbone tube chassis construction with swing half axles, a modular gearbox and differential assemblies. The main advantages of the central load carrying backbone tube are its high torsion and bend strength, which protects the truck body against load stresses. The secondary advantage is that it houses all important parts of the drivetrain. Due to its torsional stiffness and use of differentials locks the vehicle had exceptional offroad capabilities. Of note was the ability to use a cranking handle to start the engine. EngineModel V910 - the first Tatra air-cooled powerplant V12 75-degree V developed from Tatra V850 engine intended for use in Tatra 103 (Sd.Kfz. 234 Puma). The engines had power output of 210 horsepower at 2250 RPM mainly for war use (An average life expectancy during combat for Wehrmacht was 6 hours.) which was later reduced to 180 hp at 1800 rpm to increase reliability. The engine has three camshafts and originally was cooled by two covered chain-driven cooling fans and later belt drive (marked T111A). ChassisCentral backbone tube, front and rear axles with independent swing half axles. Front axle suspended on quarter elliptic leaf springs, rear axles suspended on half elliptic longitudinal leaf spring. The service brakes were air all-round drums, parking brake had mechanical actuation on the rear end of backbone tube output shaft via a rotating drum.
Transmission
BodyworkThe cab originally used wood for its construction due to strategic unavailability of steel during the war, in later years the wooden frame was steel plated and the last models used an all-steel cabin. The vehicle was capable of a top speed of approximately {{convert|65|km/h|mi/h|0|abbr=on}}. The maximum cargo capacity was 10.3 tonnes and it had the ability to tow up to 22 tonnes trailer. ProductionThe Tatra 111 was in production for 20 years, with a total of approximately 34,000 units made. The T111 engine was widely used in the variety of other vehicles such as a heavy tractor T141, a railway car M 131, airport tugs and pontoon bridges used by the army. The engine was also "halved" to create an inline 6-cylinder version for the Praga V3S 6x6 light utility military truck and civilian Praga S5T light truck. Based on the T111 V12 engine was created V8 version for the T128 4x4 truck for the Czech Army, designed mostly from the T111 parts. T111 main product range was in flatbed, tipper, tanker and crane configuration.
LegacyThe Tatra T111 exploits in Siberia had earned its reputation, and its legendary reliability contributed to its iconic status among those who had driven and lived in those conditions. The T111 concept and technology continued its evolution in following years with a successful line of Tatra truck models. References{{Commons category|Tatra 111}}
4 : Tatra trucks|Cars of the Czech Republic|Military trucks of Czechoslovakia|All-wheel-drive vehicles |
|||||||
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。