1. History and charism

2. Vows

3. Religious formation
    Postulancy/Pre-novitiate  Novitiate  Post-novitiate/Scholasticate 

4. Missions

5. Superior Generals

6. Notable Oblates
    Beati  Cardinals  Bishops  Priests and religious 

7. Institutions
    Americas  Australia  Philippines  Hong Kong 

8. See also

9. Notes

10. References

11. External links

The Missionary Oblates of Mary Immaculate (OMI) is a missionary religious congregation in the Catholic Church. It was founded on January 25, 1816, by Saint Eugène de Mazenod, a French priest born in Aix-en-Provence in the south of France on August 1, 1782. The congregation was given recognition by Pope Leo XII on February 17, 1826. The congregation is composed of priests and brothers usually living in community. Their traditional salutation is Laudetur Iesus Christus ("Praised be Jesus Christ"), to which the response is Et Maria Immaculata ("And Mary Immaculate"). In 2011, the congregation had approximately 4,400 members, including 580 in formation.{{cn|date=March 2019}} In 2016, there were 3,924 members.^[1]

History and charism

The Missionary Oblates of Mary Immaculate were founded in 1816 in Aix-en-Provence by Eugene de Mazenod. Born into the French minor nobility, his family were forced to flee to Italy during the French Revolution. There he experienced years of family instability, poverty, and danger. The family was forced to flee successively to Turin, Venice, Naples, and Palermo. Returning to France as a young man, he entered the Seminary of St. Sulpice and was ordained in 1811.^[2]

On January 25, 1816, Father Eugene de Mazenod and four companions came together to preach missions in Provençal. The first members of this society were known as "Missionaries of Provence". They received the title of "Missionary Oblates of Mary Immaculate" and approbation as a congregation under simple vows in a Brief of Leo XII dated 17 February 1826.^[3]

The congregation was established to renew the Church in France after the French Revolution, primarily to

(1) Revive the spirit of faith among rural and industrial populations by means of missions and retreats, in which devotion to the Sacred Heart and to Mary Immaculate is recommended as a supernatural means of regeneration. "He hath sent me to preach the Gospel to the poor," has been adopted as the device of the congregation. (2) Care of young men's societies, Catholic clubs. (3) Formation of clergy in seminaries.^[3]

However, the work of the congregation soon developed and the charism of the Oblates is that they

are not specialised, except in facing urgent needs. ...It was enough for bishops to come to our Founder and say to him: "I do not have anybody" for him to act, re-examine his manpower, cut personnel here and there, and release 2 or 3 men for these new needs. And that continues today still. You see, it is a question of passion, of missionary concern.^[3]

The ancient sanctuary of St. Martin of Tours was re-excavated and revived by Oblate Fathers under Cardinal Guibert in 1862.^[4]

Vows

As members of a religious congregation, the Missionaries Oblates of Mary Immaculate embrace the evangelical counsels, taking the three traditional religious vows of poverty, chastity and obedience. Poverty means that all possessions are held in common and that no member may accumulate wealth. Chastity, abstaining from sexual activity, is intended to make the religious totally available for religious service.

Religious formation

The congregation’s Rule of 1853 makes a statement which still applies: "Whoever wishes to become one of us must have an ardent desire for his own perfection, and be enflamed with the love for Our Lord Jesus Christ and his Church and a burning zeal for the salvation of souls."^[5]

In the initial stages, those interested in joining the congregation have several meetings with an OMI priest, usually with visits to a community. Young adults aged 18 and over meet regularly to share their experiences of God and what God may be calling them to become. During this time the members of the congregation share what it is like to be a priest or religious brother. Those who are enquiring about entering the congregation are strongly encouraged to attend Mass as often as possible, to read the Sacred Scriptures especially the Gospel accounts, and to regularly spend time in prayer in order to better discern their vocation.

Postulancy/Pre-novitiate

This is a 2-4 year-long experience of living in an OMI community, sharing in many aspects of the life of the congregation. During this time the postulants participate in the prayer life of a community, share more deeply with others, and become involved in one or more of the congregation’s apostolates. Essentially, it is an extended period of discernment for the postulants and an opportunity for the congregation to assess the strengths of the candidates and possible areas requiring growth. For those straight out of high school it is possible, in some provinces, to begin working on an undergraduate degree.^[6]

Novitiate

Next follows the novitiate which is the time for preparing to take the vows of poverty, chastity, and obedience. The novitiate year is crucial, for it is then “that the novices better understand their divine vocation and indeed one which is proper to the institute, experience the manner of living of the institute, and form their mind and heart in its spirit, and so that their intention and suitability are tested.”^[7] Thus, the novices are given the opportunity for longer periods of prayer and spiritual reading as well as silence in order to reflect on the vocation God is offering and nature of their response. The spiritual development of the novice is of particular focus, especially through spiritual direction. During the novitiate the history and Constitutions of the Congregation are studied in depth.

A simple profession is made at the end of the novitiate and the person officially becomes a member of the Congregation for: “By religious profession, members assume the observance of the three evangelical counsels by public vow, are consecrated to God through the ministry of the Church, and are incorporated into the institute with the rights and duties defined by law.”^[8]

Post-novitiate/Scholasticate

After the novitiate, the new members of the congregation continue their studies. In the Philippines this normally involves a 4-year theology degree, followed by a missionary year abroad, although a student may make a request to study at the Pontifical Gregorian University in Rome.^[6] In Canada, studies are undertaken at Saint Paul University in Ottawa, Ontario. Scholastics from four provinces in Southern Africa (Central, Lesotho, Natal, and Northern) study at the congregation’s scholasticate in the small town of Hilton in KwaZulu-Natal or at the international scholasticate in Rome.^[9]

Vows are renewed annually; after three years a member may request final vows. According to canon law, temporary vows may be renewed for a longer period but not exceeding nine years.^[8]

Missions

Pope Pius XI (1857-1939) was so impressed by the courage of the Oblates that he referred to them as “specialists in the most difficult missions of the Church.”^[10] Indeed, regarding their ministry the Oblates declare:

We fulfill our task in healing the world by understanding its evolutionary character, by critically engaging its contemporary spirit, and by meeting its new needs in new ways.

We seek out and immerse ourselves in the lives of the most abandoned in their many faces and voices, and struggle with those most affected by conflicts.

With Gospel values we dialogue with peoples of different cultures, faiths, and religions, in the search for an integral transformation of society; we work with others to safeguard human dignity, nurture family, foster harmony, promote a culture of peace, and respond to the calls of justice and integrity of creation.^[11]

The Oblates work in parishes, Catholic schools, retreat centres, and among indigenous peoples, emphasizing issues of justice and peace. The Oblates are active on five continents. They maintain a presence at a number of Marian Shrines including Lourdes, Our Lady of Snows, in Belleville, Illinois, Notre-Dame de Pontmain, France, and in Loreto, Italy.

In the UK and Ireland the Oblates work through parishes and Centres of Mission in London, Edinburgh, Anglesey and Dublin.^[12]

Superior Generals

• Rev. Fr. Louis Lougen, OMI
• Joseph Fabre

Notable Oblates

Beati

• Blessed Joseph Gérard (1831–1914), French missionary priest, called the "Apostle of the Basuthos," beatified in 1988^[13]
• Blessed Józef Cebula (1902–1941), Polish priest killed by the Nazis at Mauthausen concentration camp, beatified in 1999^[13]
• The Martyrs of Laos, include one Italian and five French missionary priests, beatified in 2016

Cardinals

• Joseph-Hippolyte Guibert (1802–1886), Archbishop of Paris (France)
• Jean-Marie-Rodrigue Villeneuve (1883–1947), Archbishop of Quebec (Canada)
• Thomas Cooray (1901–1988), Archbishop of Colombo (Sri Lanka)
• Sebastian Koto Khoarai (1929–present), Bishop of Mohale's Hoek (Lesotho)
• Francis George (1937–2015), Archbishop of Chicago (USA)
• Orlando Beltrán Quevedo (1939–present), Archbishop of Cotabato (Philippines)

Bishops

• Vital-Justin Grandin (1829–1902), Bishop of St. Albert (Canada)
• Edmund Peiris (1897–1989), Bishop of Chilaw (Sri Lanka)
• Denis Hurley (1915–2004), Archbishop of Durban (South Africa)
• Hubert Constant (1931–2011), Archbishop of Cap-Haïtien (Haiti)
• Erwin Hecht (1933–2016), Bishop of Kimberley (South Africa)
• Victor Gnanapragasam (1940–present), Vicar Apostolic of Quetta (Pakistan)
• Roger Schweitz (1940–present), Archbishop of Anchorage (USA)
• Jean Khamse Vithavong (1942–present), Vicar Apostolic of Vientiane (Laos)
• David Douglas Crosby (1949–present), Bishop of Hamilton (Canada)
• Mark Stuart Edwards (1959–present), Auxiliary Bishop of Melbourne (Australia)

Priests and religious

• Carl Kabat (1933–), American priest and peace activist
• Albert Lacombe (1827–1916), French-Canadian missionary during the formation of Canada, broker of peace between the Cree and Blackfoot tribes
• Adrien-Gabriel Morice (1859–1938), linguist, cartographer, and ethnologist
• Émile Petitot (1838–1916), French cartographer and ethnologist
• Ronald Rolheiser (1947–), Canadian-born author of several spiritual books
• Larry Rosebaugh (1935–2009), American priest and activist
• Constantine Scollen (1841–1902), Irish-born missionary priest among the Blackfoot, Cree and Métis peoples of Canada and US.

Institutions

Americas

• The OMI founded the University of Ottawa in 1848, then the College of Bytown.^[14] Since the University of Ottawa became publicly funded in 1965, Saint Paul University exists as a separate but federated institution with a pontifical charter to grant ecclesiastical degrees and a public charter, through the University of Ottawa, to grant civil degrees.
• The congregation has been involved in religious and secular publishing, helping to establish a number of church, community, and ethnic newspapers in Canada including Ottawa's francophone daily newspaper Le Droit.
• The Oblate School of Theology in San Antonio, Texas. Formerly, they ran a seminary in Pass Christian, Mississippi.
• The National Shrine of Our Lady of the Snows in Belleville, Illinois, along with its nearby retreat centre, King's House.
• The Colegio Vista Hermosa in Mexico City and several missions in the area of Oaxaca.
• The Oblates also opened and operated a mission school in 1863 in what was to be later named Mission, British Columbia. Its aim was to bring the indigenous people – the Sto:lo – to a Christian and agrarian lifestyle. Later, the school became a federally mandated residential school named St. Mary's and was closed in 1984, making it the last BC residential school to close. It is now operated as a cultural centre by the lo people.
• The Oblates opened and operated a mission school in Fort Albany, Ontario named St. Anne’s Indian Residential School. Multiple members of the Oblates order have been alleged to have been involved in sexual and physical abuse of the students in the school.^[15]
• Notre-Dame-du-Cap Basilica in Trois-Rivieres, the national shrine to the Holy Mother, and Canada's National Shrine to the Blessed Virgin Mary.

Australia

• Iona College, Brisbane
• Mazenod College, Victoria
• Mazenod College, Western Australia

Philippines

• Notre Dame University, Cotabato City
• Notre Dame of Midsayap College, North Cotabato^[16]
• Notre Dame of Greater Manila, Caloocan City^[17]
• Notre Dame of Jolo College, Jolo, Sulu

Hong Kong

• Notre Dame College, Kowloon
• Oblate Primary School, Kowloon
• St Eugene de Mazenod Oblate Primary School, Kowloon
• Po Yan Oblate Primary School, Kowloon

See also

• Oblate Youth Australia
• Notre Dame Broadcasting Corporation, a broadcasting network managed by the Philippine branch of the oblate

Notes

References

• {{Citation

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External links

• {{official website|http://www.omiworld.org/}}
• Oblate Missions in San Antonio Texas
• (Oblate) Missionary Association in Belleville, IL
• US Province Site
• Oblate School of Theology, San Antonio, Texas
• OMI Philippine Province
• China Mission
• The Missionary Oblate of Mary Immaculate in Southern Africa
• Notre Dame of Marbel University a school under the administration of the Marist Brothers
• Notre Dame of Midsayap College
• Missionary Oblates of Mary Immaculate in Canada: OMI Lacombe
• Oblate Mission Centre (CMO), Montreal, Quebec, Canada

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