| 词条 | Misti | |
| 释义 |
| name =Misti | photo = Volcan Misti.JPG | map = Peru | map_caption = Peru | location = Arequipa, Peru | label_position = left | elevation_m = 5822 | elevation_ref = [1] | prominence_m = 1785 | prominence_ref = | listing = Ultra | range = Andes | coordinates = {{coord|16|17|40|S|71|24|32|W|type:mountain_scale:100000|format=dms|display=inline,title}} | topo = | coordinates_ref = [1] | type = Stratovolcano | volcanic_arc/belt = Central Volcanic Zone | last_eruption = 1985 | map_size = 240 }}Misti, also known as Putina[1] or Guagua Putina[2] is a stratovolcano of andesite, dacite and rhyolite[3] located in southern Peru near the city of Arequipa. With its seasonally snow-capped, symmetrical cone, Misti stands at {{convert|5822|m|ft|sigfig=5}} above sea level and lies between mount Chachani ({{convert|6075|m|ft|sigfig=5|disp=or|abbr=on}}) and Pichu Pichu volcano ({{convert|5669|m|ft|sigfig=5|disp=or|abbr=on}}). Its last eruption was in 1985, 198 years after its previous documented eruption.[4] DescriptionMisti has three concentric craters. Active fumaroles, or volcanic gas vents, can be seen in the inner crater.[5] Near the inner crater, six Inca mummies and rare Inca artifacts were found in 1998 during a month-long excavation directed by archaeologists Johan Reinhard and Jose Antonio Chavez. These findings are currently stored at the Museo de Santuarios Andinos in Arequipa. There are two main climbing routes on the volcano. The Pastores route starts at {{convert|3300|m|ft|-2}}. Usually a camp is made at {{convert|4500|m|ft|-2}} at Nido de Aguilas. The Aguada Blanca route starts at {{convert|4000|m|ft|-2}} near the Aguada Blanca reservoir, and a camp is made at {{convert|4800|m|ft|-2}} at Monte Blanco (the camp is named after Mont Blanc, the summit of which is approximately the same elevation as the camp). Neither climbing routes presents technical difficulties, but both are considered strenuous because of the steep loose sand slopes. Surrounding areaA long history of eruptions from Misti and its neighbour volcanoes has caused the local soil to be extremely fertile, making the surrounding area one of the most agriculturally productive in Peru.[5] Locals also make extensive use of a white volcanic rock called sillar, which is strong but easily workable.[5] The city of Arequipa has a significant number of buildings constructed with sillar, resulting in the nickname la ciudad blanca, or "the white city".[5] GallerySee also
References1. ^Thomas Besom, Of Summits and Sacrifice: An Ethnohistoric Study of Inka Religious Practices, An ethnohistoric study of Inka religious practices, University of Texas press, 2009 2. ^{{Cite web|url=https://volcano.si.edu/volcano.cfm?vn=354010|title=Global Volcanism Program {{!}} El Misti|website=volcano.si.edu|language=en|access-date=2017-08-16}} 3. ^http://gsabulletin.gsapubs.org/content/113/12/1593 4. ^1 2 {{cite gvp | vnum = 1504-01= | name = El Misti | accessdate = 2008-12-21 }} 5. ^1 2 3 {{Cite book|title=Natural Wonders of the World|publisher=Reader's Digest Association, Inc|year=1980|isbn=0-89577-087-3|editor-last=Scheffel|editor-first=Richard L.|location=United States of America|pages=251|quote=|editor-last2=Wernet|editor-first2=Susan J.|via=}} Further reading
| last = Reinhard | first = Johan | title = The Ice Maiden: Inca Mummies, Mountain Gods, and Sacred Sites in the Andes | year = 2005 | location = Washington, D.C. | publisher = National Geographic Society | isbn = 0-7922-6838-5 }} External links
| url = http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/IOTD/view.php?id=40968 | title = El Misti Volcano and Arequipa, Peru |date=2009-11-02|website=Earth Observatory| publisher = NASA | accessdate = 2016-06-03 }}
| url = http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/IOTD/view.php?id=2055 | title = El Misti Volcano and the City of Arequipa, Peru |date=2001-12-31| publisher = NASA | work = Earth Observatory | accessdate = 2016-06-03 }}{{Andean volcanoes}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Misti}} 8 : Stratovolcanoes of Peru|Mountains of Arequipa Region|Andean Volcanic Belt|Subduction volcanoes|Mountains of Peru|Holocene volcanoes|Quaternary South America|Five-thousanders of the Andes |
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