| 词条 | Tenino (sternwheeler) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
The Tenino was the second steamboat to run on the Columbia River above Celilo Falls and on the Snake River. Following a reconstruction or major salvage in 1876 this vessel was named the New Tenino. Design and ConstructionTenino was built in 1860 by C.L. Barnes at the mouth of the Deschutes River on the upper Columbia River for the Oregon Steam Navigation Company ("OSN"), which by the time Tenino was built was becoming the most powerful transportation company in the American part of the Oregon Country. John Gates, the OSN principal engineer, supervised construction of Tenino and became her first engineer. The engines were new from the OSN shops.[2]OperationsOSN built Tenino to run with Colonel Wright which was the first steamer on the Columbia above Celilo. Tenino was a bigger and more powerful vessel than Colonel Wright the first steamboat on this stretch of the river.[11] Both boats were owned by the powerful monopoly of the Oregon Steam Navigation Company. Demand for passage and freight shipments up the Columbia was very great in the early 1860s. Although only a moderate sized vessel, it was not necessary to haul large amounts of cargo for a vessel to be profitable at that time on the river.[2] Tenino proved to be one of the most profitable boats yet to appear on the river.[3] As Professor Mills described it: {{quotation|[T]he Tenino made money as fast as the purser could collect and stuff it into a carpetbag. On a single upriver run in May, 1862, when the gold rush was at its roaring best, the Tenino gathered in $18,000 for fares, meals, berths and incidentals -- the bar.[4]}}Tenino's first captain was Leonard Wright, who had taken Colonel Wright far up the Snake River. Later captains were Charles Felton, E.W. Baughman, J.H.D. Gray, Eugene F. Coe (1842-1893) and Thomas and John Stump. The company ran Tenino hard and by 1867[2] or 1869[1] the vessel had to be rebuilt. Salvaged or reconstructedIn 1876, Tenino struck a rock while moving down river. Her hull was too old to be worth salvaging, so OSN removed the engines and installed them in a new sternwheeler, called the New Tenino.[2] Another source states that Tenino was rebuilt a second time in 1876, and it was this reconstructed vessel that was known as the New Tenino.[1] A reconstruction could be almost the same as building a new vessel, so this may be a matter of characterization of the work. For example, when Rossland on the Arrow Lakes was rebuilt, in the off-season of 1909-10, the upper works were jacked up, the old hull removed, and a new hull slid underneath the old deckhouse structure, which was then lowered down onto the new hull.[5] Successor vessel dismantledThe New Tenino was dismantled in 1879 at Celilo. Notes1. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Affleck, Edward L., A Century of Paddlewheelers in the Pacific Northwest, the Yukon, and Alaska, at 21 and 26, Alexander Nicolls Press, Vancouver, BC 2000 {{Columbia River steamboats}}{{Oregon Steam Navigation Company}}2. ^1 2 3 Wright, E.W., ed., Lewis and Dryden Marine History of the Pacific Northwest, at 100-101, Lewis & Dryden Publishing Co., Portland, OR 1895 3. ^1 Mills, Randall V., Sternwheelers up Columbia -- A Century of Steamboating in the Oregon Country, at 40, 43, 81, and 83, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE (1977 reprint of 1947 ed.) {{ISBN|0-8032-5874-7}} 4. ^Mills, at 81 5. ^Turner, Robert D., Sternwheelers and Steam Tugs -- An Illustrated History of the Canadian Pacific Railway's British Columbia Lake and River Service, Sono Nis Press, Victoria BC 1984 {{ISBN|0-919203-15-9}} 5 : Steamboats of Oregon|Steamboats of the Columbia River|Steamboats of the Snake River|Steamboats of Washington (state)|Oregon Steam Navigation Company |
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