词条 | Tennen Mountains |
释义 |
|map_image=Alps location map (Tennengebirge).png |map_caption=Tennen Mountains (in red) within the Alps. The borders of the range according to Alpine Club classification of the Eastern Alps |photo=File:Tennengebirge.JPG |photo_caption=Southwest view |country = Austria |state= |parent= |location=Northern Limestone Alps, Salzburg, Austria |geology= |period= |area_km2= |orogeny= |highest=Raucheck |elevation_m=2430 |coordinates = |length_km=15 |range_coordinates = {{coord|47|30|N|13|14|E|region:AT_type:mountain|format=dms|display=inline,title}} }} The Tennen Mountains[1][2][3][4][5] ({{lang-de|Tennengebirge}}) is a small, but rugged, mountain range in the Northern Limestone Alps, which lies in front of the Eastern Alps for its entire length. It is a very heavily karstified high plateau, about 60 km² in area, with many caves. The range is located in Austria in the district of Salzburg near Bischofshofen. Some 37 square kilometres of the Tennen plateau are above the 2,000 metre line and that part of the range within the state of Salzburg was turned into a nature reserve in 1982. Extent and neighbouring rangesThe outline of the Tennen range is formed:[6]
Valley settlements
SummitThe highest mountains in the Tennen are Raucheck ({{Höhe|2430|AT}}) in the west and Bleikogel ({{Höhe|2412|AT}}) in the east. The highest points all rise on the southern edge of the plateau, which falls away to the north. The most important peaks are: {{colbegin}}
GeologyThe Tennen is a heavily karstified massif, composed mainly of Dachstein limestone lying on a foundation of Ramsau dolomite. Its southern foothills, along the line Lungötz–Werfenweng–Werfen, belong to an imbricate zone (Schuppenzone). This zone, made of Werfen Formation from the Lower Triassic and middle triadic dolomites (Anisian, Ladinian), is called the Werfen-St.-Martin Schuppen Zone.[7] CavesThere are numerous caves in the Tennen Mountains.[8].
The Tennen Mountains are a preferred research region for the State Cave Research Association in Salzburg, which collects and publishes results of its research. New caves are continually being found, but even old, well-known caves sometimes reveal new secrets. Knowledge of the caves, and the routes that water takes through them, is important, particularly in terms of future water supply for the population and the protection of water resources. Walking and climbingBeing a high plateau, the Tennen has numerous trails for the Alpine hiker. However, walkers need to be aware of the lack of water in the karst terrain and the dangers of getting lost in mist or fog. Alpine experience and a good level of fitness are basic pre-requisites, even though there are many mountain huts available. The precipices on the edge of the plateau offer the climber a wide scope of climbing options. The faces on the southern edge of the range, especially around the Werfener Hut and above Dr. Heinrich Hackel Hut are very popular due to their easy accessibility. In winter there are various ski touring routes, mainly crossing the plateau, but also extreme ski routes in some places. Huts{{colbegin}}
Long distance trailsThe European long-distance trail E4/North Alpine Way 01/Via Alpina (Violet Trail Stage A34/35) runs through the southern Tennen, from Lungötz to Werfen via the Dr. Heinrich Hackel Hut. In addition Salzburg's Arno Way runs along the west of the group (Section 6 Kalkberge Ost, Stage 52 Annaberg Laufener Hut and 53 to Abtenau).[9] References1. ^Käß, Werner and Behrens, Horst (1992). Tracing Technique in Geohydrology, Gebrüder Borntraeger Verlagsbuchhandlung, Berlin/Stuttgart, p. 404. {{ISBN|3-443-01013-X}}. 2. ^Arnold, Rosemarie and Taylor, Robert (2012). Austria, Baedeker, p. 571. {{ISBN|978-3-8297-6613-5}}. 3. ^Bernhard, Thomas (1979). Correction, Knopf, p. 233. {{ISBN|978-0-3944-1141-5}}. 4. ^Hammond Atlas of the World, 5th ed., Hammond World Atlas Corp., 2008. {{ISBN|978-0-8437-0967-4}}. 5. ^Mutton, Alice Florence Adelaide (1961). Central Europe: a regional and human geography, Longmans. 6. ^Alpenvereinseinteilung der Ostalpen 7. ^Herbert Weingartner: Die geologischen Situation {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110706085310/http://www.geo.sbg.ac.at/Staff/weingartner/Pro_Tourismus/geologie.htm |date=2011-07-06 }}. In: Erhaltung, Chancen und Weiterentwicklung des Tourismus zur Sicherung einer nachhaltigen Entwicklung in der Region "Südliches Tennengebirge". Institut für Geographie und angewandte Geoinformatik, Salzburg (as at: 9 October 2000) 8. ^{{cite web|last1=Audra|first1= Philippe|title=Premières observations morphologiques et spéléologiques sur le karst haut-alpin du Tennengebirge (Salzburg, Autriche)|issn=0751-7688|url=http://www.persee.fr/doc/karst_0751-7688_1987_num_9_1_2153 }} 9. ^{{cite web |publisher=SalzburgerLand |url=http://www.arnoweg.com/6/abschnitt6.html |title=Abschnitt 6 - Kalkberge Ost |work=Der Arnoweg |access-date=14 May 2010}} External links
6 : Tennen Mountains|Mountain ranges of the Alps|Northern Limestone Alps|Mountain ranges of Salzburg (state)|Hallein District|St. Johann im Pongau District |
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