| 词条 | Terex 33-19 "Titan" |
| 释义 |
| name = Terex 33-19 "Titan" | image = SparTitan.JPG | caption = | manufacturer = General Motors Corporation Terex Division | production = 1973 (prototype) | assembly = London, Ontario, Canada | class = Ultra | body_style = Dump | layout = FR (Front-engine, rear-wheel drive) | platform = | engine = {{convert|10343|cuin|L}} EMD 16-645E4 V-16 (t/c diesel) | transmission = {{ubl | EMD AR10-D14 10-pole, AC electric alternator to rectifier | (4) General Motors D79CF traction motors }} | wheelbase = {{convert|29|ft|11|in|m|2|abbr=on}} | length = {{convert|66|ft|9|in|m|2|abbr=on}} | width = {{convert|25|ft|7|in|m|2|abbr=on}} | height = {{convert|22|ft|7|in|m|2|abbr=on}} | weight = GVWR {{convert|1209200|lb|t|2|abbr=on}} | related = | sp = us }} The Terex 33-19 "Titan" was a prototype off-highway, ultra class, rigid frame, three-axle, diesel/AC electric powertrain haul truck designed by the Terex Division of General Motors and assembled at General Motors Diesel Division's London, ON, Canada assembly plant in 1973. Only one 33-19 was ever produced and it was the largest, highest capacity haul truck in the world for 25 years. After 13 years in service, the 33-19 was restored and is now preserved on static display as a tourist attraction in Sparwood, BC, Canada. Development and productionGeneral Motors developed the Titan in response to the need for more efficient haul trucks by open pit mine operators. GM believed that a general decrease in mineral ore quality combined with a projected need to mine tar shale and tar sands would increase the quantity of ore hauled by surface mine operators' trucks, worldwide.{{Sfn|The Age|1975|p=19}} The Titan was the largest in the Terex 33 series of off-road haul trucks, which also included the 33-03, 33-05, 33-07, 33-09, 33-11 and the 33-15. The 33-19 and the 33-15 both used diesel/AC electric powertrains, while the other, smaller members of the 33 series of haul trucks used mechanical powertrains. The Titan was assembled at the General Motors Diesel Division's assembly plant in London, Ontario, Canada, in 1973.{{Sfn|Haddock|1998|p=121}}{{Sfn|Mercer|1999}} The Titan was first shown to the public in October 1974 at the American Mining Congress in Las Vegas, NV.{{Sfn|Haddock|1998|p=122}} GM predicted that when the Titan entered regular production, it would cost approximately US$1.5 million in 1976 (or ${{inflation|US|1.5|1976}} million today).{{Sfn|Lamm|1976|p=162}}{{Sfn|U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics|2011}} However, the Titan never entered regular production. The worldwide coal market softened in the late 1970s, causing coal mines to decrease production and economize by rebuilding existing equipment or purchasing smaller haul trucks with proven operational records. The projected market for the 33-19 "Titan" never materialized and the prototype was the only unit ever assembled.{{Sfn|Haddock|1998|p=121}} Service historyTerex put the Titan into service with Kaiser Steel at its iron mine at Eagle Mountain, California, in January 1975.{{Sfn|Hoppe|1978|p=217}}{{Sfn|Lamm|1976|p=89}} The Titan experienced frequent downtime, but hauled approximately 3.5 million tons of earth over the course of its four years of service at the Eagle Mountain mine. In late 1978, the Titan was sent to Kaiser Steel's mine at Sparwood, Canada. The mine was acquired from Kaiser Steel by B.C. Resources in 1980.{{Sfn|Wilson|2002}} When the mine was subsequently acquired by Westar Mining in 1983, the Titan was repainted from its original Terex lime green livery to Westar Mining's blue and yellow livery. Shortly after, Westar Mining purchased the Titan from General Motors for US$200,000 (${{inflation|US|200000|1983|fmt=c|r=-4}} today) and $1 million of spare parts (${{inflation|US|1|1983}} million today). During Westar Mining's ownership, the Titan had an uptime rate of more than 70% and regularly hauled loads exceeding {{convert|350|ST|t|lk=on}}. Westar Mining retired the Titan from service in 1991. Public displayAfter acquiring the Sparwood Mine in late 1992, Teck Corporation offered the Titan for preservation as a public monument in 1993. The Sparwood, British Columbia Chamber of Commerce completed a fund raising effort, restored the Titan, and promotes it as a tourist attraction. The Titan is on static display off Highway 3 in Titan Park, 126B Aspen Drive, Sparwood, British Columbia, Canada.{{Sfn|District of Sparwood|2010}} Although the 33-19 "Titan" was restored, the engine has been removed. SpecificationsThe Titan has a payload capacity of {{convert|350|ST|t|lk=on}}, a net vehicle weight of {{convert|509500|lbs}} and a gross vehicle weight of {{convert|1209500|lbs}}. Fully loaded, the Titan had a top speed of {{convert|29.8|mph|abbr=on}} At the time of its construction in 1973, the Titan was the largest, highest payload capacity truck ever built.{{Sfn|Terex Division|1974|p=2}} The Titan remained the highest capacity haul truck in existence for 25 years until the début of the {{convert|360|ST|t|adj=on}} payload capacity Caterpillar 797 in September 1998.{{Sfn|Alves|Haddock|Halberstadt|Sargent|2003|p=51}}{{Sfn|Woof|2006|p=26}} The Titan used a diesel/AC electric powertrain that consisted of an Electro-Motive Division model 16-645E4, 16-cylinder, gross {{convert|3300|HP|sigfig=4|abbr=on}}, {{convert|10320|cuin|L|adj=on}}, turbocharged, intercooled, unit injection, locomotive engine directly coupled to an Electro-Motive Division model AR10-D14, 10-pole, AC electric alternator sending DC power via a rectifier to General Motors model D79CF traction motors at each of the four paired rear wheels.{{Sfn|Lamm|1976|p=158}}{{Sfn|Terex Division|1974|p=1}} The Titan utilized a power, all-wheel steering system. The front wheels swept through a 71-degree arc. At a preset point as the front wheels moved off-center, the eight rear wheels would also begin to steer, moving up to a maximum of 10 degrees off center.{{Sfn|Lamm|1976|p=162}} The Titan required ten 40.00x57 tires.{{Sfn|Terex Division|1974|p=2}} See also
NotesReferences{{Refbegin}}
| title = 350-tonne haulers startle industry | url = https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1300&dat=19750519&id=lXcQAAAAIBAJ&sjid=OJIDAAAAIBAJ&pg=6487,4666325 | newspaper = The Age | publisher = Fairfax Media | location = Melbourne, Victoria, Australia | date = 1975-05-19 | at = Earth Moving Feature | accessdate = 2010-03-15 | quote = ...the Titan had been engineered and built to meet the present and future demands of the open pit mining industry for more efficient high-production capacity haulers... | ref = {{SfnRef|The Age|1975}} }}
| last1 = Alves | first1 = Michael | last2 = Haddock | first2 = Keith | last3 = Halberstadt | first3 = Hans | last4 = Sargent | first4 = Sam | title = Heavy Equipment | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=_H6Jkm7nCDYC | accessdate = 2011-04-08 | edition = Crestline | date = 2003-12-27 | publisher = MBI Publishing Company | location = St. Paul, Minnesota, United States | isbn = 978-0-7603-1775-4 | chapter = Chapter 5: Off Highway Trucks | quote = At 350-tons capacity, it was the world's largest truck, a title it held for some 25 years. | ref = {{SfnRef|Alves|Haddock|Halberstadt|Sargent|2003}} }}
| url = http://www.bls.gov/data/inflation_calculator.htm | title = CPI Inflation Calculator | year = 2011 | work = bls.gov | publisher = U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics | accessdate = 2011-04-08 | quote = $1,500,000 in 1976 has the same buying power as $5,834,156.41 in 2011 | ref = {{SfnRef|U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics|2011}} }}
| url = http://www.sparwood.bc.ca/About%20Sparwood/Visitor%20Info/The%20Truck/index.html | title = District of Sparwood - Titan Terex | work = sparwood.bc.ca | publisher = District of Sparwood | archiveurl = https://www.webcitation.org/5nvAg8mdA | archivedate = 2010-03-01 | accessdate = 2010-03-01 | quote = Visit the Terex Titan, located in Sparwood... | ref = {{SfnRef|District of Sparwood|2010}} }}
| last = Haddock | first = Keith | title = Giant Earthmovers An Illustrated History | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=oyX4X1B_hLsC | accessdate = 2010-03-01 | series = Crestline | date = 1998-08-16 | publisher = MBI Publishing Company | location = United States of America | isbn = 978-0-7603-0369-6 | chapter = Chapter Six Off-Highway Trucks | chapterurl = https://books.google.com/books?id=oyX4X1B_hLsC&pg=PA100&lpg=PP1#v=onepage&q=&f=false | quote = The Titan...(was) built by the GM Diesel Division in London, Ontario. | ref = {{SfnRef|Haddock|1998}} }}
| editor-last = Hoppe | editor-first = Richard | title = E/MJ Operating Handbook of Mineral Surface Mining and Exploration | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=vSNAAAAAIAAJ | accessdate = 2011-04-08 | edition = Hardcover | series = E/MJ Library of Operating Handbook | volume = Vol. 2 | date = 1978-07-01 | publisher = McGraw-Hill Higher Education | location = New York, New York, United States | isbn = 978-0-07-019518-9 | quote = A prototype of the 33-19 has been operating at Kaiser Steel's Eagle Mountain iron mine in California since January 1975. | ref = {{SfnRef|Hoppe|1978}} }}
| last1 = Lamm | first1 = Mike |date=October 1976 | title = Highballing the World's Largest Truck | journal = Popular Mechanics | volume = 146 | issue = 4 | location = New York, New York, United States | publisher = Hearst Corporation | oclc = 61313194 | accessdate = 2011-04-08 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=auMDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA88 | quote = GM has been running the Titan dump truck at the Kaiser iron mine in Eagle Mountain, Calif. | ref = {{SfnRef|Lamm|1976}} }}
| url = http://www.allbusiness.com/transportation/motor-vehicle-manufacturing/251484-1.html | title = New era of mine haul truck giants | first = Mike | last = Mercer | date = 1999-03-01 | work = Diesel Progress North American Edition | publisher = Diesel Progress | archiveurl = https://www.webcitation.org/5nuwr6QJJ | archivedate = 2010-03-01 | accessdate = 2010-03-01 | quote = As early as 1973 Terex developed a three-axle, 350-ton hauler... | ref = {{SfnRef|Mercer|1999}} }}
| url = http://pdfcast.org/pdf/terex-33-19-titan-brochure-gmd-1946 | title = Terex 33-19 Hauler Form No. GMD 1946 |date=December 1974 | publisher = Terex Division of General Motors Corporation | location = Canada | format = PDF | accessdate = 2010-08-30 | ref = {{SfnRef|Terex Division|1974}} }}
| last = Woof | first = Mike | editor1-last = Hitch | editor1-first = Lindsay | editor2-last = Gansen | editor2-first = Steve | title = Ultra Haulers: Global Giants of the Mining Industry | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=4brmfLq44nAC | accessdate = 2010-03-01 | date = 2006-03-24 | publisher = MBI | location = United States of America | isbn = 978-0-7603-2381-6 | quote = ...the 33-19, which offered a 350-U.S.-ton/316-tonne capacity that would not be surpassed for over 20 years. | ref = {{SfnRef|Woof|2006}} }}
| url = http://www.crowsnest-highway.ca/cgi-bin/citypage.pl?city=SPARWOOD#7 | title = Sparwood, B.C. | first = Donald Malcolm | last = Wilson | year = 2002 | work = Crowsnest Highway | archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20170625135552/http://www.crowsnest-highway.ca/cgi-bin/citypage.pl?city=SPARWOOD | archivedate = 2017-06-25 | dead-url = no | accessdate = 2017-08-22 | quote = For $55 a share, in September of 1980 the publicly owned B.C. Resources Investment Corporation (BCRIC) bought Kaiser Resources, lock, stock and barrel. | ref = {{SfnRef|Wilson|2002}} }}{{Refend}} Further reading
| last = Orlemann | first = Eric C. | title = Euclid and Terex Earth-Moving Machines | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=5jQAjeak2PEC | year = 1997 | publisher = MBI Publishing Company LLC | location = United States of America | isbn = 978-0-7603-0293-4 }} External links{{commons category|Terex Titan}}
2 : Terex vehicles|Haul trucks |
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