| 词条 | Terrel's Heath |
| 释义 |
|country = England |static_image = |static_image_caption= |coordinates = {{coord|51.49|00.36|display=inline,title}} |official_name =Terrel's Heath |population = |unitary_england= Thurrock |shire_county= Essex |metropolitan_borough= | metropolitan_county = |region=East of England |constituency_westminster=Thurrock |post_town= |postcode_district = |postcode_area= |dial_code= |os_grid_reference= TQ6381 }}Terrel's Heath is, in spite of its name, an area of woodland in Chadwell St Mary named on the 1938 six-inch Ordnance Survey map.[1] Location and descriptionNameThe name Terrel's heath dates back to at least the mid 17th century when it was recorded (as Tirells Heath) on an estate map. The place-name element "Terrel's" may relates to either the Tyrrel family of Essex or the Torel family.[6] The element "Heath" may relate either to a time when it was not wooded or to include the surrounding area which was until comparatively recently typical heathland. The Tyrell's family were sponsors of All Saints Church, East Horndon where many family members are buried. It was the family name which was adopted as the original name both the junior and infant schools which later became Woodside Primary School, Grays while the adjacent Secondary School was known as "Torells". The young 19th Century diarist Martha Randall [7] wrote "Tirrels heath" when describing a November walk on the Heath which was close to her home at Heath Place Farm. HistoryTerrel's Heath was given to Thurrock Council by the Baker family of Orsett Hall and is now a public open space. It was considerably reduced in size by the construction of the Dock Relief Road which connects the Port of Tilbury with the A13. This road now separates Terrel's Heath from the larger Orsett Heath. Before the road and before the nearby housing estates were there Terrel's Heath would have been part of a large swathe of heathland interspaced with woodland. This included Biggin Heath (heathland belonging to the manor of Biggin), Chadwell Heath (heathland belonging to the manor of Chadwell St Mary, not the place near Romford), Mucking Heath, Orsett Heath, Socketts Heath and Terrel's Heath all of which were on high ground compared to the nearby marsh and had poor sandy soil with underlying gravel and chalk.[8] Heathland is maintained by animal grazing which prevents the growth of trees or large bushes. If the land ceases to be used for grazing, it reverts to woodland.[9] Terrel's Heath was apparently still being grazed in 1840 when Champion Branfill wrote to William Wigfield on the subject of “rights of pasturage on Tyrrells heath”.[10] References1. ^Old Maps {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081121144552/http://www.old-maps.co.uk/indexmappage2.aspx |date=2008-11-21 }} {{Thurrock places}}2. ^Matthews, John, 2007, The Chadwell Parish Boundary (in Panorama, The Journal of the Thurrock Local History Society, Number 45, page 57) 3. ^Thurrock Council, 2007, Thurrock Rights of Way, Thurrock Council 4. ^{{cite book|pages=86–87|title=Boldly from the marshes|first=Tony|last=Benton|year=1991|publisher=Thurrock Council}} 5. ^Woodland Trust 6. ^In The Place-names of Essex, PH Reaney says that nearby Terrells Hall (in Little Thurrock) is related to the family of William Torel 7. ^{{cite book|last=Bingley|first= Randall |year=2000|title=The nightingales were singing: the diary of Martha Randall of Orsett, 1858-61 |publisher=Thurrock Museum}} 8. ^South Essex: landscape and memory 9. ^{{cite book|title=The History of the Countryside|first=Oliver|last=Rackham|authorlink = Oliver Rackham |page=282|publisher=Phoenix|year=1997}} 10. ^{{cite book|page=9|title=Boldly from the marshes|first=Tony|last=Benton|year=1991|publisher=Thurrock Council}} 1 : Thurrock |
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