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词条 Mojave National Preserve
释义

  1. Mojave Wilderness

  2. Features

  3. Climate

  4. See also

  5. References

  6. External links

{{Infobox protected area
| name = Mojave National Preserve
| iucn_category = V
| photo = Cima Road-Mojave National Preserve.JPG
| photo_caption = Joshua trees along Cima Road in the Mojave National Preserve
| map = California#USA
| relief = 1
| map_caption =
| location = San Bernardino County, California, USA
| nearest_city = Baker, California
| coordinates = {{coord|34|53|N|115|43|W|region:US|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
| coords_ref =
| area_acre = 1,542,776
| area_ref = [1]
| created = {{start date|1994|October|31}}
| visitation_num = 787,404
| visitation_year = 2018
| visitation_ref = [2]
| governing_body = National Park Service
| website = Mohave National Preserve
}}

Mojave National Preserve is a United States National Preserve located in the Mojave Desert of San Bernardino County, California, USA, between Interstate 15 and Interstate 40. The preserve was established October 31, 1994, with the passage of the California Desert Protection Act by the US Congress.[3] Previously, it was the East Mojave National Scenic Area, under the jurisdiction of the Bureau of Land Management.[4] Mojave National Preserve is vast. At 1,600,000 acres (650,000 ha), it is the third largest unit of the National Park System in the contiguous United States.

Natural features include the Kelso Dunes, the Marl Mountains and the Cima Dome, as well as volcanic formations such as Hole-in-the-Wall and the Cinder Cone Lava Beds. The preserve encloses Providence Mountains State Recreation Area and Mitchell Caverns Natural Preserve, which are both managed by the California Department of Parks and Recreation.

Impressive Joshua tree forests are found in parts of the preserve. The forest covering Cima Dome and the adjacent Shadow Valley is the largest and densest in the world.[5] The ghost town of Kelso is found in the preserve, with the defunct railroad depot serving as the Visitor Center. The preserve is commonly traversed by 4 wheel drive vehicles traveling on the historic Mojave Road.

Climate in the preserve varies greatly. Summer temperatures average {{convert|90|°F|°C}}, with highs exceeding {{convert|105|°F|°C}}. Elevations in the preserve range from {{convert|7929|ft|m}} at Clark Mountain to {{convert|880|ft|m}} near Baker. Annual precipitation varies from {{convert|3.37|in|mm}} near Baker, to almost {{convert|9|in|mm}} in the mountains. At least 25% of precipitation comes from summer thunderstorms. Snow is often found in the mountains during the winter.

Mojave Wilderness

The California Desert Protection Act of 1994 (CDPA) designated a wilderness area within Mojave National Preserve of approximately {{convert|695200|acres}}. The National Park Service manages the wilderness in accordance with the Wilderness Act, the CDPA, and other laws that protect cultural and historic sites in the wilderness.[6]

Features

{{div col|colwidth=33em}}
  • Beale Mountains
  • Cima, California
  • Cima Dome & Volcanic Field National Natural Landmark
  • Clark Mountain
  • Devils Playground
  • Granite Mountains
  • Ivanpah, California
  • Ivanpah Mountains
  • Kelso, California
  • Kelso Depot
  • Kelso Dunes
  • Kelso Mountains
  • Kelso Wash
  • Lanfair Valley
  • Marl Mountains
  • Mid Hills
  • Mojave phone booth
  • Mojave Road
  • New York Mountains
  • Old Dad Mountain
  • Providence, California
  • Providence Mountains
  • Vanderbilt, California
  • Vontrigger Hills
{{div col end}}

Climate

The following climate data is for a higher elevation area in the preserve. See also Climate of the Mojave Desert.

{{Weather box
|width=65%
|location = Mountain Pass, California. (Elevation {{convert|4740|ft}})
|single line = Y
|Jan record high F = 71
|Feb record high F = 76
|Mar record high F = 81
|Apr record high F = 90
|May record high F = 104
|Jun record high F = 109
|Jul record high F = 110
|Aug record high F = 109
|Sep record high F = 102
|Oct record high F = 96
|Nov record high F = 89
|Dec record high F = 70
|year record high F = 110
|Jan high F = 50.4
|Feb high F = 53.7
|Mar high F = 59.0
|Apr high F = 66.4
|May high F = 76.3
|Jun high F = 87.0
|Jul high F = 92.8
|Aug high F = 89.9
|Sep high F = 83.9
|Oct high F = 72.4
|Nov high F = 58.9
|Dec high F = 51.1
|year high F = 70.2
|Jan low F = 29.5
|Feb low F = 32.4
|Mar low F = 35.8
|Apr low F = 41.0
|May low F = 49.8
|Jun low F = 59.2
|Jul low F = 66.5
|Aug low F = 64.5
|Sep low F = 56.6
|Oct low F = 46.3
|Nov low F = 36.2
|Dec low F = 30.2
|year low F = 45.7
|Jan record low F = 3
|Feb record low F = 6
|Mar record low F = 12
|Apr record low F = 19
|May record low F = 28
|Jun record low F = 36
|Jul record low F = 42
|Aug record low F = 44
|Sep record low F = 33
|Oct record low F = 21
|Nov record low F = 10
|Dec record low F = -2
|year record low F = -2
|Jan precipitation inch = 0.92
|Feb precipitation inch = 0.89
|Mar precipitation inch = 0.89
|Apr precipitation inch = 0.48
|May precipitation inch = 0.27
|Jun precipitation inch = 0.20
|Jul precipitation inch = 1.04
|Aug precipitation inch = 1.23
|Sep precipitation inch = 0.59
|Oct precipitation inch = 0.54
|Nov precipitation inch = 0.68
|Dec precipitation inch = 0.63
|year precipitation inch = 8.36
|Jan snow inch = 2.7
|Feb snow inch = 1.8
|Mar snow inch = 1.4
|Apr snow inch = 0.5
|May snow inch = 0.2
|Jun snow inch = 0
|Jul snow inch = 0
|Aug snow inch = 0
|Sep snow inch = 0
|Oct snow inch = 0.1
|Nov snow inch = 1.1
|Dec snow inch = 1.5
|year snow inch = 9.3
|source 1 = The Western Regional Climate Center[7]
|date=March 2013}}

See also

  • Mojave Memorial Cross

References

1. ^{{NPS area |year=2011 |accessdate=2012-03-23}}
2. ^{{NPS visitation |accessdate=2019-03-14}}
3. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.nps.gov/jotr/learn/management/caldesprotect.htm|title=California Desert Protection Act|work=Joshua Tree National Park|publisher=U.S. National Park Service|accessdate=2015-08-02}}
4. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.wilderness.net/index.cfm?fuse=NWPS&sec=wildView&WID=362 |title=Mojave Wilderness |publisher=Wilderness.net |accessdate=2009-05-06}}
5. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.nps.gov/moja/parkmgmt/upload/MOJA_GMPIII.pdf |title=General Management Plan-Introduction |publisher=National Park Service |pages=7 |accessdate=2009-05-06}}
6. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.nps.gov/moja/parkmgmt/upload/MOJA_GMP24-29.pdf |title=General Management Plan-Land Protection |pages=3 |accessdate=2009-05-06}}
7. ^{{cite web| url =http://www.wrcc.dri.edu/cgi-bin/cliMAIN.pl?ca5890| title =Seasonal Temperature and Precipitation Information | accessdate =March 29, 2013 | publisher =Western Regional Climate Center | language = }}

External links

{{commons category|Mojave National Preserve}}
  • {{official website|http://www.nps.gov/moja/index.htm}}
  • Photo tour of Mojave National Preserve - from USGS
{{Wikivoyage|Mojave National Preserve}}{{-}}{{Protected Areas of California|NPS}}{{National Preserves of the United States}}

10 : Mojave National Preserve|Mojave Desert|National Preserves of the United States|Protected areas of the Mojave Desert|Protected areas of San Bernardino County, California|Protected areas established in 1994|National Park Service areas in California|Geography of San Bernardino County, California|Nature reserves in California|1994 establishments in California
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