| 词条 | Thomas Grosvenor (British Army officer) |
| 释义 |
| name =Thomas Grosvenor | image =File:Thomas Grosvenor by Robert Bowyer.jpg | caption =Thomas Grosvenor by Robert Bowyer | birth_date =30 May 1764 | death_date =20 January 1851 (aged 86) | placeofburial_label = | placeofburial = | birth_place = | death_place =Richmond Hill, London | placeofburial_coordinates = | nickname = | allegiance ={{UK}} | branch = British Army | serviceyears =1779–1809 | rank =Field Marshal | unit = | commands =Brigade Commander at the Battle of Copenhagen | battles =Gordon Riots French Revolutionary Wars Napoleonic Wars | awards = | relations = | laterwork = }} Field Marshal Thomas Grosvenor (30 May 1764 – 20 January 1851) was a British Army officer. After serving as a junior officer defending the Bank of England during the Gordon Riots he took part in the Flanders Campaign including the retreat into Germany during the French Revolutionary Wars. He served as a brigade commander at the Battle of Copenhagen and was then deployed to Walcheren in the Netherlands where he served as deputy commander of a division led by Sir Eyre Coote during the disastrous Walcheren Campaign. Military careerEarly careerBorn the third son of Thomas Grosvenor (1734–1795) and Deborah Grosvenor (née Skynner), Grosvenor was educated at Westminster School and commissioned into the 1st Foot Guards on 1 October 1779.[1] He was in charge of security at the Bank of England during the Gordon Riots in 1780.[1] Promoted to captain on 20 April 1784 and lieutenant-colonel on 25 April 1793, he took part in the Flanders Campaign including the retreat into Germany in Spring 1795 during the French Revolutionary Wars.[2] Grosvenor succeeded his father as Whig Member of Parliament for Chester in 1795.[3] He took part in the Anglo-Russian invasion of Holland in August 1799 and was promoted to brigadier-general while serving under Sir Ralph Abercromby in Holland on 18 November 1800.[4] In parliament he opposed the bill against bull-baiting introduced in 1802.[1] Promoted to major-general on 29 April 1802, Grosvenor held various brigade commands in Southern England between 1803 and 1805.[2] He had a keen interest in horse racing and his horse, Briseis, won The Oaks in June 1807.[1] The Walcheren campaignGrosvenor served as a brigade commander at the Battle of Copenhagen in August 1807 for which he was rewarded with promotion to lieutenant-general on 25 April 1808.[5] However, in Autumn 1809 he was deployed to Walcheren in the Netherlands where he served as deputy commander of a division led by Sir Eyre Coote during the disastrous Walcheren Campaign which ended in failure when many of the British troops died of malaria.[2] In January 1810 he spoke in Parliament in support of Lord Porchester's demands for an inquiry into the disastrous expedition that had taken place the previous year and with which Grosvenor had been so closely associated.[6] Later careerGrosvenor was promoted to full general on 12 August 1819.[7] In 1820 he had a fortunate escape during the Cato Street Conspiracy when an angry mob overturned his carriage into the River Dee.[8] Around the same time he started renting the Warren House in Loughton, probably as it was on the way to Newmarket Racecourse.[9][10] He stood down as Member of Parliament for Chester in 1826 to make way for his cousin's son, Robert Grosvenor, and instead became Member of Parliament for Stockbridge.[1] In June 1825 another of Thomas Grosvenor's horses, Wings, won the Epsom Oakes.[1] He retired from parliament in 1830.[2] Grosvenor also served as honorary colonel of the 97th Regiment of Foot in 1807 and then as honorary colonel of the 65th Regiment of Foot from 1814 to his death.[2] He was promoted to field marshal on 9 November 1846[11] and died at his home, Mount Ararat at Richmond Hill on 20 June 1851.[2] FamilyIn 1797 Grosvenor married Elizabeth Heathcote (daughter of Sir Gilbert Heathcote, 3rd Baronet); after the death of his first wife he married Anne Wilbraham (daughter of George Wilbraham MP) in 1831.[2] There were no children from either marriage.[1] References1. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 {{cite web|url=http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/11675?docPos=2|title=Thomas Grosvenor|publisher= Oxford Dictionary of National Biography|accessdate=23 February 2014}} 2. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 Heathcote, p.154 3. ^{{London Gazette|issue=13768|date=7 April 1795|page=321}} 4. ^{{London Gazette|issue=15311|date=15 November 1800|page=1294}} 5. ^{{London Gazette|issue=16142|date=3 May 1808|page=622}} 6. ^{{cite web|url=http://hansard.millbanksystems.com/commons/1810/jan/26/expedition-to-the-scheldt#S1V0015P0_18100126_HOC_30|title=Expedition to the Scheldt|publisher=UK Parliament|accessdate=23 February 2014}} 7. ^{{London Gazette|issue=17505|date=12 August 1819|page=1441}} 8. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.historyofparliamentonline.org/volume/1820-1832/member/grosvenor-thomas-1764-1851|title=Thomas Grosvenor|publisher=History of Parliament|accessdate=23 February 2014}} 9. ^{{cite web|url=http://theydon.org.uk/lhs/Downloads/LHS%20166.pdf|title=Field Marshal Thomas Grosvenor (1764-1851) in Loughton|publisher=Loughton & District Historical Society|date=September–October 2005|accessdate=23 February 2014}} 10. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.enfieldindependent.co.uk/features/newsfeatures/8938937.HISTORY__Loughton_then_and_now/|title=Loughton then and now|publisher=Enfield Independent|date=29 March 2011|accessdate=23 February 2014}} 11. ^{{London Gazette|issue=20660|date=10 November 1846|page=3987|supp=y}} Sources
External links
| title = Member of Parliament for Chester | years = 1795–1800 | with = Viscount Belgrave | with2 = | with3 = | with4 = | before = Thomas Grosvenor Viscount Belgrave | after = Parliament of the United Kingdom |}}{{s-par|uk}}{{succession box | title = Member of Parliament for Chester | years = 1801–1826 | with = Viscount Belgrave 1801–1802 | with2 = Richard Erle-Drax-Grosvenor 1802–1807 | with3 = John Grey Egerton 1807–1818 | with4 = Viscount Belgrave 1818–1826 | before = Parliament of the Great Britain | after = Lord Robert Grosvenor Viscount Belgrave |}}{{succession box | title = Member of Parliament for Stockbridge | years = 1826–1830 | with = George Wilbraham | before = Edward Stanley John Foster Barham | after = George Wilbraham William Sloane-Stanley |}} |-{{s-mil}}{{succession box | title=Colonel of the 65th Regiment of Foot| before=Edmund Stevens | after= Samuel Benjamin Auchmuty | years=1814–1851}} |-{{succession box | title=Colonel of the 97th (later 96th) Regiment of Foot| before=Charles Stuart | after= Gordon Drummond | years=1806–1814}}{{end}}{{DEFAULTSORT:Grosvenor, Thomas}} 20 : 1764 births|1851 deaths|People educated at Westminster School, London|British field marshals|Grenadier Guards officers|Grosvenor family|British Army personnel of the French Revolutionary Wars|British Army personnel of the Napoleonic Wars|Members of the Parliament of Great Britain for English constituencies|British MPs 1796–1800|Members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for English constituencies|UK MPs 1801–02|UK MPs 1802–06|UK MPs 1806–07|UK MPs 1807–12|UK MPs 1812–18|UK MPs 1818–20|UK MPs 1820–26|UK MPs 1826–30|65th Regiment of Foot officers |
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