| 词条 | Mordehai Milgrom |
| 释义 |
|name = Mordehai Milgrom |image = Milgrom Mordechai.jpg |image_size = |alt = |caption = |birth_date = 1946 |birth_place = Iași, Romania |death_date = |death_place = |nationality = Israeli |fields = Astrophysics |workplaces = Weizmann Institute |alma_mater = Hebrew University Weizmann Institute |doctoral_advisor = |academic_advisors = |doctoral_students = |notable_students = |known_for = Modified Newtonian dynamics |influences = |influenced = |awards = |religion = |signature = |signature_alt = |footnotes = }} Mordehai "Moti" Milgrom is an Israeli physicist and professor in the department of Particle Physics and Astrophysics at the Weizmann Institute in Rehovot, Israel. He received his first degree from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem in 1966. Later he studied at the Weizmann Institute of Science and completed his doctorate in 1972. In 1981, he proposed Modified Newtonian dynamics (MOND) as an alternative to the dark matter and galaxy rotation curve problems. Milgrom suggests that Newton's Second Law be modified for very small accelerations. In the academic years 1980–1981 and 1985–1986 he was at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton.[1] Before 1980 he worked primarily on high-energy astrophysics and became well-known for his kinematical model of SS 433.[2][3] {{blockquote|Modified Newtonian dynamics is solely the invention of Mordehai (Moti) Milgrom. The idea of an acceleration-based modification of dynamics or gravity would have probably occurred to someone else sooner or later, but it is safe to say that in the early 1980s no one but Milgrom had considered such a possible modification as an alternative to astrophysical dark matter. It was a brilliant stroke of insight to realize that astronomical systems were not only characterized by large scale but also by low internal accelerations and this could account for the known systematics in the kinematics and photometry of galactic systems. However, the idea was hardly greeted with overwhelming enthusiasm.[2]}}Milgrom is married and has three daughters. See also
References1. ^Mordehai, Milgrom, Community of Scholars Profile, IAS {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160307013602/https://www.ias.edu/people/cos/users/mmilgrom01 |date=2016-03-07 }} 2. ^1 {{cite journal|author=Sanders, R. H.|title=A historical perspective on modified Newtonian dynamics|journal=Canadian Journal of Physics|volume=93|issue=2|year=2014|pages=126–138|doi=10.1139/cjp-2014-0206|arxiv=1404.0531|bibcode=2015CaJPh..93..126S}} page 5 of [https://arxiv.org/abs/1404.0531 arXiv.org preprint] 3. ^{{cite journal|author=Milgrom, Mordehai|title=Thomson scattered lines in the spectrum of SS 433 - A powerful tool for studying the system|journal=Astronomy and Astrophysics|volume=78|issue=3|date=October 1979|pages=L17-L20|bibcode=1979A&A....78L..17M}} Further reading
External links{{wikiquote}}
11 : 1946 births|Living people|Israeli physicists|Israeli astrophysicists|Hebrew University of Jerusalem alumni|Weizmann Institute of Science alumni|Weizmann Institute faculty|Institute for Advanced Study visiting scholars|Jewish physicists|Jews in Mandatory Palestine|Cosmic ray physicists |
| 随便看 |
|
开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。