“Tony Jonsson”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

Þorsteinn Elton Jónsson, DFM (known in English as Thorsteinn "Tony" Jonsson; 19 October 1921 – 30 December 2001) was an Icelandic fighter pilot and flying ace of the Second World War. He was the only pilot from Iceland to serve with Royal Air Force in the Second World War, and went on to a significant career in civil aviation.

Early life

Jonsson was born on 19 October 1921 to Snæbjörn Jónsson (1887–1978) and Annie Florence Westcott Jónsson (1893–1936).^[1]

Second World War

Although his mother was English and Jonsson aspired to join the Royal Air Force (RAF) as a child, he was told by the British legation in Iceland that he was ineligible on account of his nationality. However, he took passage to England by trawler and enlisted at Padgate in 1940. As a sergeant pilot, Jonsson flew hurricanes with No. 17 Squadron at Elgin; he then served in No. 111 Squadron, flying Spitfires first at North Weald and later in North Africa in connection with Operation Torch, during which Jonsson was awarded the Distinguished Flying Medal.^[2] He was commissioned as a pilot officer on 13 January 1943.^[3] On a second tour of duty with No. 65 Squadron, he flew Mustangs over Normandy.^[4]^[5] Jonsson was promoted flight lieutenant on 13 January 1945,^[6] and was discharged from the RAF on 16 April 1947.^[7]

Jonsson is credited officially with having shot down five enemy planes (though claims have been made for eight), making him Iceland's only flying ace of the Second World War. He published a wartime memoir called Dancing in the Skies in 1994.^[8]^[9]

Civil aviation career

After the war, Jonsson flew Douglas DC-3s on some of Iceland's very first domestic flights, applying his skills to Iceland's difficult weather conditions and nascent infrastructure, before flying international routes for both Icelandair and Loftleiðir. Seeking more adventurous work, Jonsson moved to Kinshasha (then Leopoldville) in the Belgian Congo from 1956 to 1960, flying for Sabena and working, inter alia, as Prime Minister Patrice Lumumba's personal pilot.

After a period flying ice patrols over the east Greenland coast, Jonsson delivered hundreds of tonnes of relief shipments for Nordchurchaid from São Tome to Uli in Biafra in the Nigerian Civil War as part of the Biafran airlift. Jonsson flew 413 of his missions at night, landing on a road lit by rudimentary lighting, switched on only shortly before landing.

Towards the end of his career Jonsson flew jumbo jets for Cargolux. On retirement after 47 years as a pilot, Jonsson had logged 36,000 hours. He charted his postwar career in Icelandic civil aviation in Lucky, no 13: The Eventful Life of a Pilot.^[10]

Personal life

Jonsson was married three times: to an English wife Marianne from 1946 to 1952; from 1952 to 1965^[11] or 1967^[12] to Margrét Þorbjörg Thors, one of his Dakota stewardesses and daughter to Ólafur Thors, four times Iceland's Prime Minister; and to Katrín Þorðardóttir from 1969 to her death in 1994. In retirement, Jonsson focused on devoting time to his wife, to fishing, watercolour painting, and writing. He was survived by six of his seven children.

References

1. ^'Margrét Þorbjörg Thors', Morgunblaðið, 18 March 2003, http://www.mbl.is/greinasafn/grein/720400/.
2. ^{{London Gazette|issue=35946|date=19 March 1943|page=1310|supp=y}}
3. ^{{London Gazette|issue=36027|date=25 May 1943|page=2324|supp=y}}
4. ^WorldCat
5. ^{{cite book|last=Jonsson|first=Tony|title=Dancing in the Skies|year=1994|publisher=Grub Street|location=|isbn=978-1-898697-03-9|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=S7YLAAAACAAJ&dq=Dancing+in+the+Skies&cd=1}}
6. ^{{London Gazette|issue=36930|date=9 February 1945|page=814|supp=y}}
7. ^{{London Gazette|issue=37993|date=24 June 1947|page=2846|supp=y}}
8. ^WorldCat
9. ^{{cite book|last=Jonsson|first=Tony|title=Dancing in the Skies|year=1994|publisher=Grub Street|location=|isbn=978-1-898697-03-9|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=S7YLAAAACAAJ&dq=Dancing+in+the+Skies&cd=1}}; trans. from Þorsteinn E. Jónsson, Endurminningar, 2 vols (Reykjavík: Setberg, 1992–1993). First volume: Dansað í háloftunum; second volume: Viðburðarík flugmannsævi. {{ISBN|9979520817}} (vol. 1); 9979521074 (vol. 2); 9789979520818; 9789979521075.
10. ^Tony Jónsson, Lucky, no 13: The Eventful Life of a Pilot ([Mosfellsbæ]: Air Atlanta; Luxembourg: Cargolux Airlines, [1999]) {{ISBN|9979604255}}; 9789979604259; trans. from Þorsteinn E. Jónsson, Endurminningar, 2 vols (Reykjavík: Setberg, 1992–1993). First volume: Dansað í háloftunum; second volume: Viðburðarík flugmannsævi. {{ISBN|9979520817}} (vol. 1); 9979521074 (vol. 2); 9789979520818; 9789979521075.
11. ^'Margrét Þorbjörg Thors', Morgunblaðið, 18 March 2003, http://www.mbl.is/greinasafn/grein/720400/.
12. ^'Þorsteinn E. Jónsson', Morgunblaðið, 11 January 2002, http://www.mbl.is/greinasafn/grein/646645/.