| 词条 | TR-106 |
| 释义 |
|name=TR-106 | image=SSC_TR-106_Rocket_Engine_under_test.jpg | caption=A TRW 650K low-cost pintle engine undergoes hot-fire testing at SSC's E-1 test stand. |country_of_origin=United States |manufacturer=TRW |purpose=low-cost throttleable booster engine |type=liquid |fuel=LH2 (liquid hydrogen) |oxidiser=Liquid oxygen |thrust(SL)={{convert|2892|kN|lbf|abbr=on}} |thrust(Vac)= |specific_impulse_vacuum= |specific_impulse_sea_level= |chamber_pressure= |thrust_to_weight= |cycle= |diameter= |height= |Weight, dry={{convert|00|kg|abbr=on}} }} The TR-106 or low-cost pintle engine (LCPE) was a developmental rocket engine designed by TRW under the Space Launch Initiative to reduce the cost of launch services and space flight. Operating on LOX/LH2 the engine had a thrust of 2892 kN, or 650,000 pounds, making it one of the most powerful engines ever constructed.[1] OverviewThe goal of the development was to produce a large, low-cost, easy-to-manufacture booster engine. The design used a single element coaxial pintle injector, a robust type of injector. It also used ablative cooling of the combustion chamber and nozzle instead of the more costly to manufacture regenerative cooling.[1] The use of the pintle injector allows the engine thrust to be widely throttleable, as was the case for the lunar module descent engine.[1] StatusTom Mueller was a lead engineer for development of the LCPE,[2][3] a 650,000 lbf thrust LOX/LH2 engine. In the summer of 2000, this LCPE was successfully hot fire tested at 100 percent of its rated thrust as well as at a 65 percent throttle condition at NASA's John C. Stennis Space Center in Mississippi.[4] TRW changed the pintle injector configuration three times during testing to explore the engine's performance envelope; engineers also replaced the ablative chamber once while the engine was on the test stand—demonstrating the LCPE's ease of operation. Test results demonstrated that the engine was stable over a wide variety of thrust levels and propellant ratios.[1] Development of the engine was temporarily discontinued with the cancellation of the Space Launch Initiative.[1] In 2002 TRW was acquired by Northrop Grumman and development of a LOX/RP-1 engine (TR-107) continued, under contract to NASA, for potential use on next-generation launch and space transportation vehicles.[5] LegacyTom Mueller would become TRW vice president of propulsion. In 2002, Elon Musk asked Mueller to join him as a founding member of SpaceX. Technology lessons from the Low Cost Pintle Engine project were used in the development of the SpaceX Merlin engine.[6][7] Mueller joined SpaceX in 2002, becoming its head of propulsion, along with other TRW staffers.[8] The turbopump, meanwhile, was contracted to Barber-Nichols, Inc., which derived their pump from their work on the FASTRAC turbopump.[9] After SpaceX accused Northrop Grumman, TRW's parent, of letting engineers supervising SpaceX under a Pentagon contract using that information on Northrop's own rocket technology, Northrop Grummman, then sued for theft of trade secrets.[10][11]The dueling suits were settled in early 2005. [12] See also
References1. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite web|url=http://www.astronautix.com/engines/tr106.htm |title=TR-106 |publisher=Astronautix.com |date=2000-09-26 |accessdate=2014-02-17}} 2. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.spacex.com/company.php |title=Company |publisher=SpaceX |date=2010-12-08 |accessdate=2014-02-17}} 3. ^Mueller, Tom; Dressler, Gordon. TRW 40 klbf LOX/RP-1 low cost pintle engine test results. 35th AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference and Exhibit, Huntsville, Alabama, July 24, 2000 4. ^{{cite web|url=http://spinoff.nasa.gov/spinoff2001/stennis.html |title=Stennis Space Center |publisher=Spinoff.nasa.gov |date=2011-05-01 |accessdate=2014-02-17}} 5. ^ {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100523105238/http://www.as.northropgrumman.com/products/booster_vehicle_eng/index.html |date=May 23, 2010 }} 6. ^Seedhouse, Eric. SpaceX: Making Commercial Spaceflight a Reality, Springer Science & Business, Jun 15, 2013, p. 36 7. ^Air & Space Magazine, December 2011/January 2012, p. 25 8. ^Reingold, Jennifer. Hondas in Space, Fast Company, February 2005 9. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.barber-nichols.com/products/rocket-engine-turbopumps |title=Rocket Engine Turbopumps |publisher=Barber Nichols |date=1999-04-30 |accessdate=2014-02-17}} 10. ^Karp, Jonathan; Paztor, Andy. Can Defense Contractors Police Their Rivals Without Conflicts? Wall Street Journal, December 28, 2004 11. ^{{cite web |url=http://raklaw.com/attorneys/brian-ledahl.html |title=Brian Ledahl, Partner - Russ August & Kabat, Los Angeles Intellectual Property Attorney |publisher=Raklaw.com |date= |accessdate=2014-02-17 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140206060635/http://raklaw.com/attorneys/brian-ledahl.html |archivedate=2014-02-06 |df= }} 12. ^https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB110805958574251469 External links
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