“Trimethylolethane”的意思、由来-开放百科全书

词条

Trimethylolethane

释义

Production
Applications
References
External links

{{chembox
| Watchedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 316167193
| ImageFile = MeC(CH2OH)3.png
| ImageFile2 =
| IUPACName = 2-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylpropane-1,3-diol
| OtherNames = TME; trimet; metriol; methriol; pentaglycerol; pentaglycerine; methyltrimethanolmethane; methyltrimethylolmethane; tris(hydroxymethyl)ethane, 1,1,1-tris(hydroxymethyl)ethane, 1,1,1-trimethanolethane; lidaprim , TME, trimet, metriol, ,
|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers
| PubChem = 6502
| ChemSpiderID = 6256
| SMILES = CC(CO)(CO)CO
| StdInChI = 1S/C5H12O3/c1-5(2-6,3-7)4-8/h6-8H,2-4H2,1H3
| StdInChIKey = QXJQHYBHAIHNGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| CASNo = 77-85-0
|Section2={{Chembox Properties
| Formula = C₅H₁₂O₃
| MolarMass = 120.15 g/mol
| Density = 1.22 g/mL
| MeltingPtC = 180
| BoilingPtC =
|Section7={{Chembox Hazards
| FlashPtC = 150
| EUClass = Flammable (F)
| NFPA-F = 3
| RPhrases =
| SPhrases =
|Section8={{Chembox Related
| OtherFunctn =
| Function =
}}

Trimethylolethane (TME) is the organic compound with the formula CH₃C(CH₂OH)₃. This colorless solid is a triol, as it contains three hydroxy functional groups. More specifically, it features three primary alcohol groups in a compact neopentyl structure. Its esters are known for their resistance to heat, light, hydrolysis, and oxidation. More important than TME and closely related is trimethylolpropane (TMP).

Production

Trimethylolethane is produced via a two step process, starting with the condensation reaction of propionaldehyde with formaldehyde:

CH₃CH₂CHO + 2 CH₂O → CH₃C(CH₂OH)₂CHO

The second step entails a Cannizaro reaction:

CH₃C(CH₂OH)₂CHO + CH₂O + NaOH → CH₃C(CH₂OH)₃ + NaO₂CH

A few thousand tons are produced annually in this way.^[1]

Applications

TME is an intermediate in the production of alkyd and polyester resins, powder coating resins, synthetic lubricants based on polyol esters, stabilizers for plastics, plasticizers, and pigment coatings based on titanium dioxide. Trimethylolethane based resins have superior weatherability and resistance to alkali and heat. Trimethylolethane is used in some phase change materials. The typical composition is then 63 wt.% TME with 37 wt.% water. The mixture has melting point of 29.8 °C and heat of fusion 218 kJ/kg. Nitration of trimethylolethane gives trimethylolethane trinitrate, an explosive, monopropellant, and energetic plasticizer.

References

1. ^Peter Werle, Marcus Morawietz, Stefan Lundmark, Kent Sörensen, Esko Karvinen, Juha Lehtonen “Alcohols, Polyhydric” in Ullmann’s Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 2008.

External links

MSDS
TME

1 : Triols

随便看

开放百科全书收录14589846条英语、德语、日语等多语种百科知识，基本涵盖了大多数领域的百科知识，是一部内容自由、开放的电子版国际百科全书。