| 词条 | Truman C. Everts |
| 释义 |
|name = Truman C. Everts |image = TrumanCEverts.JPG |alt = |caption = Photo of Everts published in The Discovery of Yellowstone Park (1870) |birth_date = 1816 |birth_place = Burlington, Vermont |death_date = {{BirthDeathAge| |1816| | |1901|2|16}} |death_place = Hyattsville, Maryland |other_names = |known_for = Washburn-Langford-Doane Expedition |occupation = Assessor of Internal Revenue for the Montana Territory (1864-1870), later worked for the U.S. Post Office in Maryland |nationality = }}Truman C. Everts (1816{{spaced ndash}}February 16, 1901) was part of the 1870 Washburn-Langford-Doane Expedition exploring the area which later became Yellowstone National Park. He became lost for 37 days during the 1870 expedition and a year later became more widely known after writing about his 1870 experiences for Scribner’s Monthly.[1] HistoryEverts was one of six brothers born in Burlington, Vermont to a Great Lakes ship captain.[2] President Abraham Lincoln appointed Everts to be the Assessor of Internal Revenue for the Montana Territory, a position he held between July 15, 1864 and February 16, 1870.[2] "Thirty-Seven Days of Peril"After wandering away from the rest of the expedition on September 9, 1870, Everts managed to lose the pack horse which was carrying most of his supplies. He ate a songbird and minnows raw, and a local thistle plant to stay alive; the plant (Cirsium foliosum or elk thistle) was later renamed "Evert's Thistle" after him.[1][3] Everts' party searched for him for a while, and his friends in Helena offered a reward of $600 to find him. "Yellowstone Jack" Baronett and George A. Pritchett found Everts, suffering from frostbite, burn wounds from thermal vents and his campfire, and other wounds suffered during his ordeal, so malnourished he weighed only {{convert|50|lb}}.[4] One stayed with him to nurse him back to health while the other walked {{convert|75|mi}} for help; in spite of their assistance, Everts denied the men the payment of the reward, claiming he could have made it out of the mountains on his own.[2][5] The next year, his account of the experience—"Thirty-Seven Days of Peril"— was published in Scribner’s Monthly.[6] The article helped raise awareness of the Yellowstone area before it became a national park.[2] Henry D. Washburn, leader of the expedition, named a peak near Mammoth Hot Springs "Mount Everts" shortly after the rescue of Everts. During the expedition, Washburn named a peak in the Thorofare region south of Yellowstone Lake for Everts but later changed it to the current peak, believing it was very near the location of Everts' rescue. In fact Everts was actually rescued much farther north near Blacktail Deer Creek.[7]Later yearsAfter the two expeditions and the fame from his article, Everts was offered a superintendent position with the newly formed Yellowstone Park, but he declined since it did not include a salary. He later moved to Hyattsville, Maryland and worked in the U.S. Post Office. He died there in 1901,[2] in his home, of pneumonia.[8] References1. ^1 {{cite web|url=https://www.pbs.org/nationalparks/people/historical/#everts|title=National Parks: America's Best Idea|year=2009|publisher=Public Broadcasting System|accessdate=2009-09-28}} 2. ^1 2 3 4 {{cite web|url=https://www.nps.gov/parkhistory/online_books/haines1/iee4.htm#everts |title=Yellowstone National Park: Its Exploration and Establishment Biographical Appendix|date=July 4, 2000 |publisher=National Park Service|accessdate=2009-09-28}} 3. ^{{cite web|title=Evert's or Elk Thistle|website=USDA Forest Service: Idaho Panhandle National Forests|url=http://www.fs.usda.gov/detail/ipnf/learning/?cid=fsm9_019148 }} 4. ^{{cite news|work=Outside|title=The Hapless Explorer Who Helped Create the National Park System|author=Ferry, David |date=August 23, 2016|url=http://www.outsideonline.com/2104231/yellowstones-most-hapless-explorer}} 5. ^{{cite book|last=Smith|first=Phyllis |title=Bozeman and the Gallatin Valley: A History|publisher=Globe Pequot|year=1996|pages=115–117|isbn=978-1-56044-540-1|url=https://books.google.com/?id=5IJrl092MnAC&lpg=PA113&dq=truman%20c%20everts&pg=PA115#v=onepage&q=truman%20c%20everts|accessdate=2009-09-27}} 6. ^{{cite journal |last1=Everts |first1=Truman C. |date=November 1871 |title= Thirty-Seven Days of Peril | journal=Scribner’s Monthly |volume=III |issue=1 |pages= 1–17|url= http://digital.library.cornell.edu/cgi/t/text/pageviewer-idx?c=scmo;cc=scmo;rgn=full%20text;idno=scmo0003-1;didno=scmo0003-1;node=scmo0003-1%3A2;view=image;seq=0007 | publisher=Cornell University Library website | accessdate= 2009-09-28 }} 7. ^{{cite journal |last=Haines |first=Aubrey L. |title=Lost in the Wilderness-Truman Everts' 37 Days of Terror |journal=Montana The Magazine of Western History |publisher=Montana Historical Society |location=Helena, MT |volume=XXII |issue=3 |date=July 1972 |pages=31–41 }} 8. ^{{cite news|work=Outside|url=http://www.outsideonline.com/2104231/yellowstones-most-hapless-explorer|title=The Hapless Explorer Who Helped Create the National Park System|date=August 23, 2016|author=Ferry, David}} External links
11 : Montana Territory officials|19th-century explorers|Explorers of North America|People from Burlington, Vermont|People from Hyattsville, Maryland|Yellowstone National Park|Internal Revenue Service people|Date of birth unknown|1816 births|1901 deaths|Explorers of the United States |
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