| 词条 | Tumor promotion |
| 释义 |
In order for a tumor cell to survive, it must decrease its expression of tumor suppressor genes such as p53, BRCA1, BRCA2, RB1, or the fas receptor.[3][4] A tumor suppressor would trigger an apoptotic pathway in a cancer cell if there were DNA damage, polyploidy, or uncontrolled cell growth. Simultaneously, tumor cells need to upregulate oncogenes, which promote or cause downstream activation of growth factors and cell survival signals such as RAS,[5] Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase, VEGF, or Akt.[6] See all
References1. ^{{cite journal |pmc=1994795 |title=Why Cancer and Inflammation? |journal=Yale Journal of Biology and Medicine |date=Dec 2006 |volume=79 |issue=3–4 |pages=123–130 |author=Seth Rakoff-Nahoum |pmid=17940622}} {{Oncology-stub}}2. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.cancer.gov/dictionary?CdrID=390316 |title=NCI Dictionary of Cancer Terms:Tumor promotion |publisher=National Cancer Institute |accessdate=10 Nov 2012}} 3. ^{{cite web |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK9894/ |title =Tumor Suppressor Genes }} 4. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.cancer.org/acs/groups/cid/documents/webcontent/002550-pdf.pdf |title=Oncogenes, Tumor Suppressor Genes, and Cancer |publisher =American Cancer Society }} 5. ^[https://www.cancerquest.org/cancer-biology/cancer-genes#ras Cancer Genes: RAS] 6. ^{{cite web |url=http://www.cancer.org/acs/groups/cid/documents/webcontent/002550-pdf.pdf |title=Oncogenes, Tumor Suppressor Genes, and Cancer |publisher =American Cancer Society }} 1 : Carcinogenesis |
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