| 词条 | Twi | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
| name = Twi | states = Ashanti | ethnicity = Asante people, Akuapem, Fante | speakers = 9 million[1][2] | date = 2015 | ref = [3][4][5] | familycolor = Niger-Congo | fam2 = Atlantic–Congo | fam3 = Kwa | fam4 = Potou–Tano | fam5 = Tano | fam6 = Central Tano | fam7 = Akan | dia1 = Asante (Ashanti) | dia2 = Akuapem | nation = Ashanti City-State and the Ashanti City-State capital Kumasi Ghana (both dialects used in national status) | agency = Akan Orthography Committee | iso1 = tw | iso1comment = Twi | iso2 = twi | iso3 = twi | notice = IPA | glotto = akua1239 | glottorefname = Akuapem | glotto2 = asan1239 | glottorefname2 = Asante }} Twi ({{IPA-ak|tɕᶣi|lang}}; also known as Akan Kasa) is a dialect of the Akan language spoken in southern and central Ghana by several million people, mainly of the Akan tribe, the biggest of the about 17 major tribes in Ghana and forms about 70% of the Ghanaian population as a first and second language.[6][7] Twi is a common name for two former literary dialects of the Akan language; Asante (Ashanti) and Akuapem, which are mutually intelligible. There are about 9 million Twi speakers, mainly originating from the Ashanti Region[8][9] and about a total of 17–18 million Ghanaians as either first or second languages. Akuapem Twi was the first Akan dialect to be used for Bible translation, and became the prestige dialect as a result.[10] It is also spoken by the Southeastern people of Cote D'Ivoire. Writing systemThe 22 letters of the Twi alphabet are:
Letters C, J, V and Z are also used, but only in loanwords.[11] PhonologyPronunciation of the Twi (Akan) letters:[12] Consonants
Ordinals
Common phrases
Conparison between Asante Twi and Akuapem Twi:
UsageAkan is used in local media, such as programming on GTV (Ghana) and Asempa FM, and is used in education. The first doctoral thesis in Twi was published in 2017 by Nana Anima Wiafe-Akenten.[14] Naming systemThe Ashantis use a system of giving the first name to a child, based on the day of the week that the child was born, which is commonly done in Ghana. Almost all the tribes and clans in Ghana do a similar thing. The Ashanti (Asantes) day naming system is as follows:
References1. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.lsa.umich.edu/students/academicsrequirements/lsadegreesrequirements/languagerequirement/lesscommonlytaughtlanguages|title=Asante » Asante Twi (Less Commonly Taught Languages)|work=University of Michigan College of Literature, Science, and the Arts|publisher=University of Michigan}} 2. ^{{cite web|url=http://ofm-tv.com/akan/twi.html|title=Asante – Asante Twi|work=ofm-tv.com}} 3. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.lsa.umich.edu/students/academicsrequirements/lsadegreesrequirements/languagerequirement/lesscommonlytaughtlanguages|title=Asante » Asante Twi (Less Commonly Taught Languages)|work=University of Michigan College of Literature, Science, and the Arts|publisher=University of Michigan}} 4. ^{{cite web|url=http://ofm-tv.com/akan/twi.html|title=Asante » Asante Twi|work=ofm-tv.com}} 5. ^{{e18|aka|Akan}} 6. ^Jane Garry, Carl R. Galvez Rubino, "Facts about the World's Languages: An Encyclopedia of the World's Major Languages, Past and Present", H.W. Wilson, USA, 2001, page 8 7. ^{{cite web|url=http://ofm-tv.com/akan/twi.html|title=Asante » Asante Twi|work=ofm-tv.com}} 8. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.lsa.umich.edu/students/academicsrequirements/lsadegreesrequirements/languagerequirement/lesscommonlytaughtlanguages|title=Asante » Asante Twi (Less Commonly Taught Languages)|work=University of Michigan College of Literature, Science, and the Arts|publisher=University of Michigan}} 9. ^{{cite web|url=http://ofm-tv.com/akan/twi.html|title=Asante » Asante Twi|work=ofm-tv.com}} 10. ^{{cite web|last1=Ager|first1=Simon|title=Omniglot|url=http://www.omniglot.com/writing/twi.htm|accessdate=11 January 2015}} 11. ^{{Cite news|url=https://alnresources.wordpress.com/african-culture-and-language/|title=Language Guide|date=2013-05-14|work=The African Linguists Network Blog|access-date=2018-07-14|language=en-US}} 12. ^{{Cite web|url=http://www.omniglot.com/writing/akan.htm|title=Akan languages, alphabet and pronunciation|website=www.omniglot.com|access-date=2017-06-26}} 13. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.abibitumikasa.com/forums/showthread.php/47697-Numbers-in-Twi-(Twi-Akontaabude%C9%9B-Dodo%C9%94)|title=Numbers in Twi (Twi Akontaabudeɛ/Dodoɔ)|website=www.abibitumikasa.com|language=en|access-date=2017-06-26}} 14. ^{{Cite web|url=https://www.pulse.com.gh/ece-frontpage/nana-anima-wiafe-akenten-becomes-first-phd-holder-in-twi/p18w1kw|title=Nana Anima Wiafe-Akenten becomes first PhD holder in Twi|date=2017-07-30|website=www.pulse.com.gh|language=en-US|access-date=2019-03-22}} External links{{InterWiki|code=tw}}
3 : Ashanti people|Akan|Akan language |
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