| 词条 | Typographical Association | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
| name = Typographical Association | motto = | image = | founded = 1848 | predecessor = National Typographical Association | dissolved_date = 1964 | dissolved_state = Merged into | merged_into = National Graphical Association | members = 38,277 (1939)[1] | journal = Typographical Circular | country = United Kingdom and Ireland | affiliation = TUC, ITUC, P&KTF, IGF, Labour | office = Beechwood, Oak Drive, Fallowfield, Manchester | footnotes = }} The Typographical Association (TA) was a trade union representing typographers in the United Kingdom and Ireland. HistoryThe National Typographical Association collapsed in 1848, and delegates from across Yorkshire and Lancashire met at Angel Street in Sheffield to found the Provincial Typographical Association, intended to recreate the former Northern Typographical Union and to focus on paying benefits to members on strike. The union grew gradually from 481 members at the end of 1849 to 5,300 in 1877. In that year, it merged with a related relief association and dropped "Provincial" from its title. Based in Manchester, the union focussed on demanding members serve a seven-year apprenticeship. In 1894, it began admitting women. In the 1910s, the Association established a branch in London, but the Trades Union Congress instituted arbitration which restricted it from a fifteen-mile radius of central London, the rival London Society of Compositors having rights to organise in the city. By 1946, membership had reached 13,958.[2] In 1964, the Association merged with the London Typographical Society to create the National Graphical Association. Election resultsThe union sponsored Labour Party candidates in several Parliamentary elections, many of whom won election.
In both the 1910 elections, Roberts was elected by taking second place in a two-seat constituency. LeadershipGeneral Secretaries1849: Josephus Speak 1865: Henry Roberts 1869: Henry Slatter 1897: Richard Hackett 1900: A. W. Jones 1900: Herbert Skinner 1934: John Fletcher 1942: Harry Riding 1955: F. C. Blackburn 1957: John Bonfield General Presidents1852: William Dronfield 1855: 1886: Owen Connellan 1889: 1891: Richard Hackett 1892: 1893: Richard Hackett 1897: 1899: O. Waddington 1902: H. Matthewman 1908: John H. Boothman 1913: Jimmy French 1934: Hugh Inglis 1949: F. C. Blackburn 1955: John Bonfield 1957: Fred Simmons References
1. ^{{cite book|last1=Musson|first1=A. E.|title=The Typographical Association|date=1954|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=London|page=351}} 2. ^Labour Party, Report of the Forty-Fifth Annual Conference of the Labour Party, p.78 External links
8 : Typographical Association|1849 establishments in the United Kingdom|1964 disestablishments in the United Kingdom|Defunct trade unions of the United Kingdom|Typesetters|Printing trade unions|Trade unions established in the 1840s|Trade unions disestablished in 1964 |
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