| 词条 | U-50-class submarine | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 释义 |
The U-50 class was a class of four ocean-going submarines or U-boats planned for the Austro-Hungarian Navy ({{lang-de|Kaiserliche und Königliche Kriegsmarine}} or {{lang|de|K.u.K. Kriegsmarine}}) during World War I. The design of the boats was based on the Project 835 design purchased from the German firm of Germaniawerft in July 1915. The Navy authorized Ganz Danubius to begin construction of the submarines in Fiume in February 1916. Only two of the planned four boats were laid down, but neither were ever launched or completed. The two incomplete submarines were scrapped after the war ended. DesignAustria-Hungary's U-boat fleet was largely obsolete at the outbreak of World War I, and, over the first two years of the war, the Austro-Hungarian Navy focused its efforts on building a U-boat fleet for local defense within the Adriatic. With boats to fill that need either under construction or purchased from Germany, efforts were focused on building ocean-going submarines for operation in the wider Mediterranean, outside the Adriatic.[2]To that end, the Austro-Hungarian Navy purchased plans for the Germaniawerft Project 835 design on 11 July 1915 in order to build under license in Austria-Hungary. The plans called for a submarine that displaced {{convert|840|t|ST|abbr=on}} surfaced and {{convert|1100|t|ST|abbr=on}} submerged. The boats were to be about {{convert|241|ft|m}} long with a beam of {{convert|20|ft|8|in|m}} and a draft of {{convert|12|ft|11|in|m}}. For propulsion, the design featured two shafts, with twin diesel engines of {{convert|2300|bhp|abbr=on}} (total) for surface running at up to {{convert|16.5|knots|km/h}}, and twin electric motors of {{convert|1200|shp|abbr=on}} (total) for submerged travel at up to {{convert|9|knots|km/h|1}}. The U-50 class boats were designed for a crew of 33 men.[1] The U-50 design called for six {{convert|45|cm|in|1|abbr=on}} torpedo tubes—four bow tubes and two stern tubes—and carried a complement of nine torpedoes. The original design specified two 10 cm/35 (3.9 in) deck guns, which were superseded by two 120 mm/35 (4.7 in) deck guns in plans for the third and fourth boats.[1] ConstructionOn 7 February 1916, Ganz Danubius of Fiume received authorization to build two boats of the class, U-50 and U-51.[3] These first two boats, which comprised one-third of the six ocean-going submarines under construction in 1916,[2][4] were followed by orders for U-56 and U-57 in September 1918.[1] Shortages of skilled shipyard workers and materials slowed construction of the boats,[3] and as a result, neither of the first two boats was ever launched, much less completed.[1] The second pair was cancelled before either was laid down. U-50 was 90% complete at war's end, while U-51 was only 60% complete. Both boats had been scrapped in place in 1920.[1] Notes1. ^1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Gardiner, p. 344. 2. ^1 Gardiner, p. 341. 3. ^1 Baumgartner and Sieche, as excerpted here (reprinted and translated into English by Sieche). Retrieved 2 December 2008. 4. ^The other four boats were U-48 and U-49 of the {{sclass-|U-48|submarine|4}} and U-52 and U-53 of the {{sclass-|U-52|submarine|4}}. See: Gardiner, p. 341. References{{Reflist}}Bibliography{{Refbegin}}
2 : Submarine classes|Submarines of the Austro-Hungarian Navy |
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