| 词条 | Ugolnye Kopi |
| 释义 |
|en_name=Ugolnye Kopi |ru_name=Угольные Копи |other_name= |other_lang= |image_skyline= |image_caption= |coordinates = {{coord|64|44|00|N|177|42|00|E|display=inline,title}} |map_label_position=left |image_flag |flag_caption |image_coa |coa_caption |anthem |anthem_ref |holiday |holiday_ref |federal_subject=Chukotka Autonomous Okrug |federal_subject_ref=[1] |adm_data_as_of=June 2012 |adm_district_jur=Anadyrsky District |adm_district_jur_ref=[1] |inhabloc_cat=Urban-type settlement |inhabloc_cat_ref=[1] |inhabloc_type= |inhabloc_type_ref= |mun_data_as_of=April 2011 |mun_district_jur=Anadyrsky Municipal District |mun_district_jur_ref=[4] |urban_settlement_jur=Ugolnye Kopi Urban Settlement |urban_settlement_jur_ref=[4] |mun_admctr_of=Ugolnye Kopi Urban Settlement |mun_admctr_of_ref=[4] |leader_title=Head of Administration |leader_title_ref=[1] |leader_name=Pyotr Andrushchenko |leader_name_ref=[1] |representative_body |representative_body_ref |area_of_what |area_as_of |area_km2 |area_km2_ref |pop_2010census=3368 |pop_2010census_ref=[2] |pop_latest=3718 |pop_latest_date=January 2017 |pop_latest_ref=[3] |established_date=beginning of the 20th century |established_title= |established_date_ref=[11] |current_cat_date |current_cat_date_ref |prev_name1 |prev_name1_date |prev_name1_ref |postal_codes=689500, 689501, 689503, 689504, 689506, 689510 |dialing_codes=42722 |dialing_codes_ref= |website= |website_ref |commonscat= |date=June 2014 }} Ugolnye Kopi ({{lang-ru|У́гольные Ко́пи}}, lit. coal mines) is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) in Anadyrsky District of Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Russia, located east of Anadyr, the administrative center of the autonomous okrug, on the opposite side of the Anadyr River. It served as the administrative center of Anadyrsky District until June 2011. Population: {{ru-census|p2010=3,368|p2002=3,863|p1989=12,357|punct=,}} with an estimated population as of 1 January 2015 of 3,666. It is a mainly mining town that also hosts the region's main airport. HistoryPre-historyTraces of fossil flora and fauna dating to the late Cretaceous and Paleocene were discovered on the territory of modern Ugolnye Kopi in 2003, in the area known as the Golden Ridge,[4] in the Ugolnoye and Pervomaysky fields. These areas exhibit extensive fossil flora and fauna composition; the fossilized plant remains are well-preserved.[5] There are currently about 130 items in the Chukotka Heritage Museum in Anadyr.[6]{{failed verification|date=July 2014}} Pollen grains extracted from the shells show that for about two million years ago coniferous and deciduous forests existed on the Gold Ridge. In the sediments of the Golden Ridge, fossil remains of teeth, vertebrae, and jaw fragments have been found.[7] Modern historyIt was founded at the beginning of the 20th century to provide accommodation and facilities for those working in or administering the nearby mines, hence the name,[8] and later to provide the same services to those working in the air industry at the local airport. Administrative and municipal statusWithin the framework of administrative divisions, Ugolnye Kopi is directly subordinated to Anadyrsky District.[9] As a municipal division, the urban-type settlement of Ugolnye Kopi is incorporated within Anadyrsky Municipal District as Ugolnye Kopi Urban Settlement.[10] DemographicsUgolnye Kopi is located on the road between the Ugolny Airport and Shakhtyorsky. Unlike a large number of localities in the region, Ugolnye Kopi's demographics is mainly Caucasian.[11] The Red Cross reports that only eighty-four people in Ugolnye Kopi are of indigenous origin;[11] the remainder are of Slavic origin.[8] This is as a result of the settlement's reason for existence being to provide accommodation and services to the local miners, servicemen, and aircraftmen, rather than it initially being an indigenous settlement that was turned into a collective farm such as, for example, Chuvanskoye. EconomyInfrastructureThe settlement houses all district institutions and several military units.[11] There are various stores, a post-office, a library, a hostel for children, the District Center of Children's Art, a youth sports school, a daycare center, Chukotka Economic Lyceum, a high school, the Municipal Center of Education, and a cultural center.[11] TransportationThe settlement is also home to the main airport in the autonomous okrug, the Ugolny Airport. This is the main transport hub for the region offering vital links to all airports within the district with Chukotavia as well as Alaska through Bering Air. In summer, those arriving to the airport and heading to Anadyr may do so using a ferry crossing; however, winter arrivals need to use the ice road across the Anadyr River which leads straight into the town.[8] EnergyIt is hoped{{by whom|date=June 2014}} that in the near future,{{when|date=June 2014}} the reliance of the settlement, as well as of the Ugolny Airport and Shakhtyorsky, on electricity generation by diesel fuel generators will decrease. In 2003, power cables were finally laid across the water from the Anadyr power station to these settlements. The use of natural gas as basic fuel will allow for the considerable improvement of the ecological situation in the autonomous okrug by decreasing the level of emissions in the atmosphere caused by coal burning. Hence the cost of power will drop, and reliability and quality of power supply will be higher. ClimateUgolnye Kopi has a Tundra climate (ET)[12] because the warmest month has an average temperature between {{convert|0|and|+10|C|F}}. {{Weather box|metric first=yes |single line=yes |location= Ugolnye Kopi |Jan record high C=3.3 |Feb record high C=3.4 |Mar record high C=5.4 |Apr record high C=4.6 |May record high C=9.1 |Jun record high C=22.8 |Jul record high C=27.4 |Aug record high C=27.5 |Sep record high C=17.7 |Oct record high C=10.8 |Nov record high C=6.2 |Dec record high C=1.9 |year record high C=27.5 |Jan high C=-13 |Feb high C=-14.5 |Mar high C=-13.2 |Apr high C=-7.7 |May high C=0.3 |Jun high C=7.9 |Jul high C=12.6 |Aug high C=11.8 |Sep high C=6.4 |Oct high C=-0.9 |Nov high C=-8.1 |Dec high C=-11.1 |year high C=-2.3 |Jan low C=-16.7 |Feb low C=-18 |Mar low C=-16.8 |Apr low C=-11.8 |May low C=-2.9 |Jun low C=2.6 |Jul low C=6.9 |Aug low C=6.9 |Sep low C=2.2 |Oct low C=-4.5 |Nov low C=-11.8 |Dec low C=-14.8 |year low C=-6.6 |Jan record low C=-34.1 |Feb record low C=-32.8 |Mar record low C=-31 |Apr record low C=-25 |May record low C=-16.9 |Jun record low C=-3.4 |Jul record low C=0.4 |Aug record low C=0 |Sep record low C=-7.9 |Oct record low C=-21 |Nov record low C=-27 |Dec record low C=-32 |year record low C=-34.1 |Jan rain mm=57 |Feb rain mm=39 |Mar rain mm=24 |Apr rain mm=27 |May rain mm=27 |Jun rain mm=27 |Jul rain mm=39 |Aug rain mm=60 |Sep rain mm=60 |Oct rain mm=54 |Nov rain mm=66 |Dec rain mm=63 |year rain mm=543 |Jan snow days=19 |Feb snow days=14 |Mar snow days=15 |Apr snow days=15 |May snow days=17 |Jun snow days=3 |Jul snow days=0 |Aug snow days=0 |Sep snow days=4 |Oct snow days=17 |Nov snow days=20 |Dec snow days=20 |year snow days=144 |source 1=[13] }} See also
ReferencesNotes1. ^1 "Self-Government" All-Russia Information Agency. Ugolnye Kopi {{ru icon}} 2. ^{{ru-pop-ref|2010Census}} 3. ^Office of the Federal State Statistics Service for Khabarovsk Krai, Magadan Oblast, Jewish Autonomous Oblast and Chukotka Autonomous Okrug. Численность населения Чукотского автономного округа по муниципальным образованиям на 1 января 2017 года {{ru icon}} 4. ^"Крайний Север" (Krayny Sever), №5 (1762), February 11, 2011 5. ^Culbilibino.ru. Экспонаты «под ногами». По материалам газеты «Золотая Чукотка» №27 (5336) от 14 июля 2011 г. ("Палеонтологическая коллекция главного музея округа... пополнилась образцами ископаемой флоры Чукотки", Samples of fossil flora of Chukotka were added to the paleontological collection of the main district museum... 6. ^Музейный центр «Наследие Чукотки» Chukotka Heritage Museum Report. 7. ^A. A. Grabovsky and Ya. V. Dyachenko, Новые палеонтологические находки из нижнеюрских-среднеплейстоценовых морских отложений Нижне-Анадырской низменности (New paleontological finds from the Lower Jurassic-Middle Pleistocene marine deposits of the Lower Anadyr Lowlands). {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140201131342/http://uchi.skachate.ru/docs/1029/index-463667.html?page=2 |date=February 1, 2014 }} 8. ^1 2 3 Futé, pp. 88f 9. ^1 2 3 Directive #517-rp 10. ^1 2 3 Law #148-OZ 11. ^1 2 3 [https://web.archive.org/web/20071021125506/http://redcross-chukotka.ru/English/modules.php?name=Content&pa=showpage&pid=11 Red Cross of Chukotka - Anadyrsky District (Archived)] 12. ^McKnightand Hess, pp. 235-237 13. ^{{cite web|url=http://www.meoweather.com/history/Russian%20Federation/na/63.05/179.3166667/Ugolnyy.html|title=Weather Averages - Ugolnye Kopi|publisher=www.meoweather.com|accessdate=June 29, 2012}} Sources
External links
1 : Urban-type settlements in Chukotka Autonomous Okrug |
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